英语专业四级 听写与听力理解.pdf

www TopwayEwww TopwayE 第一章听写考点突破 一 听写评分标准 此部分要求考生能在全面理解内容的基础上逐字逐句写出所听材料遥 拼写和标点 符号正确无误袁错误率不超过 8 遥 具体评分标准如下院 1 听写的全部内容根据意群共分 15 小节袁每节 1 分袁共 15 分遥 2 每节渊即每个意群冤最多扣 1 分遥 3 重复错误袁仅扣一次遥 4 错误共分两类院小错误和大错误遥 1 小错误 minor mistakes 淤单词拼写错 1鄄2 个字母院originally要origionally originaly 于标点符号错误院To solve this problem the要To solve this problem the 盂单复数袁冠词错误院shells要shell曰with a solution要with the solution 榆小错误扣分标准院小错误在一节中出现一次袁留作总计曰出现两次袁扣 0 5 分曰出现 三次袁扣 0 5 分后留一小错做总计曰出现四次及以上袁扣 1 分遥 虞未扣分小错误的扣分标准院 累计 2 4 个院扣 0 5 分遥 累计 5 8 个院扣 1 分遥 2 大错误 major mistakes 淤漏词院thought of the condition要thought the condition 于加词院may have sold要may not have sold曰hand in要hand it in 盂造词院salt要soit曰accepted要an acception 榆换词渊冠词作小错计冤院for goods要to goods曰they要these there 虞大移位院coins were要coin was曰were used要we used 愚时态错误院are still paid要is still paid曰began要begun 舆原文一个词变两个词院firefly要fire fly曰although要all though 余以上每个错误扣 0 5 分遥 3 一些特殊的扣分标准 淤下列情况不扣分院in the past要in the past 曰now要now 于下列情况扣分院 throughout要through out渊小错误冤曰a piece of要pieces of渊两个 小错袁扣 0 5 分冤 二 听写应试技巧 3 大答题步骤 1 第一遍 听懂大意 第一遍听写的重点在于了解文章大意袁掌握全局内容曰如果不能全部听懂袁也可通 过抓文中的关键词语的方式来进行文意整合遥 切忌一听录音就开始写曰否则容易因小 失大遥 2 第二 三遍 抓意群 写整句 第二尧 三遍录音是以意群为单位停顿和重复的袁 因此听音时要以意群为单位去理 解遥 因时间关系袁不可能一字一字地全部写下遥 因此袁听第二遍时袁要分清主次信息袁抓句 型和关键词渊主语尧谓语等冤曰听第三遍时袁再把其他修饰语尧定冠词等遗漏内容补上遥 若 有些词还来不及写袁可用一些自己认识的缩略形式尧甚至符号先代替袁等最后一遍或复 查两分钟时再写全遥 3 第四遍 核对全文 查漏补缺 第四遍朗读是正常语速袁之后还有 2 分钟的复查时间袁考生应抓住这段宝贵的时间 认真检查袁单词拼写是否正确袁包括大小写尧标点符号尧人称及时态等袁纠正一些因粗心尧 忽略或遗忘而犯的错误袁如词尾为鄄s 或鄄ed 的单词遥 第二章听力理解考点突破 一 考纲要求 1 测试要求 渊a冤能听懂英语国家人士关于日常生活和社会生活的谈话袁以及中等难度渊如 TOE鄄 FL 中的短文冤的听力材料遥 能理解大意袁领会说话者的态度尧感情和真实意图遥 渊b冤能听懂相当于 VOA 正常语速和 BBC 新闻节目的主要内容遥 渊c冤能辨别各种英语变体渊如美国英语尧英国英语尧澳大利亚英语等冤遥 渊d冤考试时间约 15 分钟遥 2 测试形式 本部分采用多项选择题袁分三节院Section A Section B 和 Section C袁共 30 题遥 Section A Conversations要要要本部分含有若干组对话袁每组约为 200 个单词遥 每组 对话后有若干道题遥 本部分共有 10 题遥 Section B Passages要要要本部分含有若干篇短文袁每篇长度约为 200 个单词遥每篇后 有若干道题遥 本部分共有 10 题遥 Section C News Broadcast要要要本部分含有若干段 VOA 或 BBC 新闻袁每段新闻后 有若干道题遥 本部分共有 10 题遥 本部分每道题后约有 5 秒的间隙袁 要求学生从所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答 案遥 录音语速每分钟约 120 个单词袁读一遍遥 二 听力理解 8 种解题技巧 技巧 1 听前浏览题目和选项 在听音前袁考生有必要快速浏览一下题目和选项遥 根据题目和选项袁考生可以对录 音的内容做出一些预测遥 更重要的是袁还可以根据问题和各选项之间的差异确定听音重 点袁有的题还可以根据逻辑知识排除某个选项袁或者猜测出答案袁从而缩小听音范围遥 例 1 2009 CONVERSATIONS 题目 8 Joe Smith telephoned Victoria for A the menu B the place C the reception D the campaign 9 When will the lunch be held A Friday next week B Thursday next week 1 2 www TopwayEwww TopwayE C April 30th D This week 10 All the following information is new to Victoria EXCEPT A how many people to attend it B why to hold it C where to hold it D what to cook 解析 浏览题目和选项袁看完第 9 题的题干野午餐什么时候进行钥 冶就可以大胆预测袁本篇 对话与午餐有关遥 在第 8 题中袁基本可以排除与之不相关的 D袁根据常识袁如果需 要菜单袁也不用打电话袁故猜测 A 不是答案袁所以听音范围就缩小到了 B尧C遥 技巧 2 用词高度相似的两个选项 往往有一个为答案 在四个选项中袁如果有两个选项的用词高度相似袁而另两个选项的用词重合度没那 么高时袁正确答案往往来自用词高度相似的那两个选项之一遥 例 2 2011 NEWS BROADCAST 题目 25 Why did the singers meet in Hollywood A To raise money for African humanitarian efforts B To raise money for Haitian earthquake victims C To sing in memory of Michael Jackson D To make a recording of the original version of the song 解析 A 与B 两个选项的用词高度相似袁预测正确答案来自其中之一遥 本题选 B遥 技巧 3 与其余选项内容不同的选项往往不是答案 四个选项中袁如果其中一个选项的内容与其他三项关联不大或者毫无关联时袁那么 这个选项往往不是正确答案遥 例 3 2007 PASSAGE 题目 13 What is the main idea of the talk A How to have the bike stamped B How to protect your bike C How to buy good locks D How to report your lost bike to the police 解析 A尧B尧D 都与 bike 有关曰而 C 与 locks 有关袁很可能不是答案遥 本题选 B遥 技巧 4 意思相反的选项 往往有一个为答案 在四个选项中袁 如果其中两个选项的意思恰好相反袁 而其他两个选项的关联不大 时袁那么正确答案往往就在这两个意思相反的选项之中遥 考生在听录音时袁可把重点放 在这两个选项上袁这样可以提高答题的准确率遥 例 4 2005 NEWS BROADCAST 题目 25 The fires were thought to have been started A purposefully B accidentally C on the Mexican border D in southern California 解析 预读选项可以发现袁A 和 B 两个选项的意思相反袁预测正确答案来自其中之一遥 本 题选 A遥 技巧 5 一头一尾 决定成败 新闻听力的第一句话往往是主旨所在袁常设考点遥 短文开头与结尾的关键词揭示主题内容袁是解题的重要依据遥 话题尧主旨的判断要要要第一句话中的核心词汇提示答案遥 例 5 2011 NEWS BROADCAST 题目 30 What is this news item mainly about A Political protests during the Olympics B Security operations during the Olympics C Olympics蒺 security forces D Security measures in buildings 录音An Olympic security plan five years in the making is taking shape in Van鄄 couver this week The Canadian Police is heading up the 900 million security operation the largest in Canada蒺s history It will involve 15 000 police private security and military personnel 解析 新闻开头就提到了奥运会安全计划渊security plan冤正在形成中袁又提及加拿大警察 将领导执行加拿大历史上最大的安全工作渊security operation冤袁可见 B 正确遥 技巧 6 语义突出之处 必是出题关键 首先袁通过语音现象来加强语义遥 语义关键处袁往往前后停顿时间稍长曰重要单词袁 往往读得响亮又清晰遥 其次袁某些词汇袁如院the only the first the most the perfect setting 对所修饰的 对象起突出的作用遥 第三袁逻辑信号词袁如院because but however due to as a consequence of 遥 第四袁其他一些语义突出之处常考院淤列举和举例处曰于比较处曰盂含有年代尧数量尧 价格等数字之处遥 例 6 2008 PASSAGE 题目 15 The following have been significant in the area蒺s prosperity EXCEPT A the motorways B the Roman road C the canals D the railways 录音From early times good communications with the rest of the country have led to industrial prosperity for the area One example of such communications was the Roman Road Portsmouth Street which passed nearby Later canals came to bring new prosperity and then the railways Good transport systems encouraged local industries especially those related to agricul鄄 ture and the museum has collections of national significance from many of these 解析 文中讲到发达的交通促进了该地区的繁荣袁 并列举了 Roman road canals 和 rail鄄 ways袁只有 motorways 没提到袁故选 A遥此题的听音关键是 One example袁答案就在 example 后面的信息中遥 3 4 www TopwayEwww TopwayE 技巧 7 对前一个话轮的补充说明常常是出题点 在正常的回答结构之后袁对话的一方对讨论的话题予以补充袁这些补充的内容通常 具有语义重心的意味遥 正如我们写信时袁在落款后用野附冶补充的问题尧信息袁往往会得到 格外的关注一样遥 例 7 2008 CONVERSATION 题目 3 When is Eric calling back A Thursday afternoon B Friday afternoon C Thursday morning D Friday morning 录音 M That蒺s a good idea I蒺ll check out some hotels in that area and get back to you towards the end of the week W Fine but I蒺m not in the office on Friday M OK I蒺ll call you later in the afternoon on Thursday W No problem Bye 解析 对话中女士说院野好的遥 但是我星期五不在办公室遥 冶男士又补充说院野那我星期四下 午晚点再打电话给你遥 冶由此可知袁答案选 A遥 技巧 8 判断题中过于绝对的选项往往不正确 在 CORRECT INCORRECT 类型的判断题中袁一些选项含有表示概率的词语袁比如 only all no 等袁这些选项的表述往往都是错误的遥 例 8 2005 PASSAGE 题目 20 Which of the following statements is NOT true A The first cheerleader was a man named John Campbell B Cheerleaders蒺 contests are only held at the state level C Before 1930 there were no women cheerleaders D The first cheerleading occurred in 1898 解析 由 B 中的 only 推测该选项很可能是错误的遥 本题选 B遥 第三章 标准模拟训练 Test 1 Part I DICTATION Part II LISTENING COMPREHENSION SECTION ACONVERSATIONS Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation 1 What蒺s the advantage of a partnership A It won蒺t run risks B All partners are responsible for the business C It can attract more customers D All partners can share profits equally 2 How did Barbara and Jean invest the capital A Both of them invested fifty percent B Barbara invested less capital but more important skills C They combined and made good use of their resources D Jean invested reputation 3 How will Barbara and Jean distribute the profits and losses A Each one gets the same B In proportion to their investments C In proportion to their reputations D In proportion to their skills Questions 4 to 6 are based on the following conversation 4 The conversation is mainly about A the plan for the night B a famous woman photographer C a technique used in photography D an exhibition 5 Which of the followings is NOT the characteristic of Margaret Cameron A She was good at portraits B She made a factual record of details C She was interested in capturing her subject蒺s personality D She used soft focus on the subject 6 What will be the subject of the pictures at the exhibit A Noblemen B Art historians C Notable people D Students of photography 5 6 www TopwayEwww TopwayE Questions 7 to 10 are based on the following conversation 7 What is the conversation mainly about A A guest蒺s complaint about room service B How to repair the air conditioner C How to do laundry D A guest蒺s asking for room service 8 Which service needs a deposit A Laundry B Borrowing an iron C Package delivery D Air conditioner maintenance 9 What蒺s particularly wrong with the air conditioner A It doesn蒺t work at all B It heats the room C It bothers the guest D It doesn蒺t cool the room very much 10 Which of the following statement is NOT true about the man A He can get a foreign newspaper at the desk B He can take back the deposit C He stays in Room 214 D He wants to borrow an iron SECTION BPASSAGES Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage 11 According to the passage which of the following is true A The best medical care is key to good health B Good health depends on your own responsibility C You can get good health by seeing a doctor after illness D You are able to get good health at a drugstore 12 What is health specialists蒺 idea of wellness for everyone A One can avoid chronic diseases B One is able to do a lot of very tiring exercise C One needs many more calories each day D One can get the best possible health within the limits of his body 13 Which is NOT mentioned as a cause of bad health A Poor diet B Stress C Inactive jobs D A bad working environment Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage 14 Why do people leave home to travel according to the passage A For education B For adventure C To enjoy themselves D To look for a different lifestyle 15 What do we learn from the passage about Paris A It has a dense population B It has many towering buildings C There are 200 vehicles for every kilometer of roadway D There are many museums and palaces 16 What impression will a tourist get of Hong Kong A It has many big and beautiful parks B It possesses many historical sites C It is a city of contrasts D It is an important industrial center 17 What does the passage tell us about traveling A It makes our life more interesting B It enables us to acquire first鄄hand knowledge C It helps develop our personalities D It brings about changes in our lifestyle Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage 18 According to the passage what was life like in a small community A Private B Exciting C Personal D Happy 19 How did people in small communities entertain themselves in the past A They traveled around the country B They visited art galleries C They went to concert D They went to church or movie theaters 20 What are contemporary Americans accustomed to A Visiting their neighbors B Leaving their old friends and making new friends C Living all their lives in one community D Saying hello to people they meet on the streets SECTION CNEWS BROADCAST Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news 21 How many schools蒺 offices of officials have been padlocked by the students A 8 500 B 160 C 4000 D 500 22 Which is NOT the students蒺 request according to the news A To standardize the curriculum B To reduce the tuition fees C To set aside room for poor boarding students D To make the students蒺 allowance higher Question 23 is based on the following news 23 What is the main task for aid workers now A To recover more bodies B To reconstruct the city 7 8 www TopwayEwww TopwayE C To provide survivor more helps D To predict the next earthquake Questions 24 and 25 are based on the following news 24 Why is most Palestinians蒺 economic situation worsening A Because domestic conflicts are more intensive B Because the wars with Israel are increasing C Because aid from western countries are suspended D Because Hamas rejects foreign countries蒺 help 25 Which aspect is not involved in the plan agreed by the major mediating powers A To provide support for local health services B To refuse to recognize the Hamas government C To guarantee fuel supplies D To give poor people basic needs Question 26 is based on the following news 26 What is the main purpose for holding such a special contest A To encourage hackers to attack big companies B To knock some unsecured websites offline C To get some analysis data for preventing attacks D To prove hacker蒺s professional skills on computer Questions 27 and 28 are based on the following news 27 Which team is the first rival for Ghana in the football World Cup A Angola B Czech C Italy D The United States 28 When did Ghana get its first score in the game with Czech Republic A At the first second minute B At the first eight minute C At the last second minute D At the last eight minute Questions 29 and 30 are based on the following news 29 What is NOT the real function of Microsoft蒺s leading product Windows A To provide e鄄mail and the Internet service B To work as a basic program for PC C To dominate the world market D To run some specific applications 30 What can be inferred from the news item A Most personal computers install Windows B Windows forces users to get its programs C Microsoft is pursuing a predatory conduct D RealNetwork uses the law to protect its market share 名师点评 Part I DICTATION Doctor蒺s Orders You蒺re going to have to change your diet quite considerably In particular you蒺re going to have to avoid all these fast foods you蒺ve been eating And you蒺re going to have to try not to eat too much bread But if you do eat bread you must have it with unsalted butter on and definitely no margarine And you can eat some fish要but not canned fish The meat you eat mustn蒺t be any of the prepared meats as I mentioned before like hamburgers or sausages Fresh fruit and vegetables are very good but if you cook them don蒺t put any salt in the water you use Now there蒺s no harm in eating potato chips or however you like them but don蒺t buy packets of potato crisps will you In fact you must throw out all the salt in the house Part II LISTENING COMPREHENSION SECTION ACONVERSATIONS Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation M Barbara what have you been doing W I went into business with my friend Jean M How蒺s it going W Pretty well We get along quite well and the shop is beginning to attract more customers M Good Are you two a partnership W Yes I蒺m very pleased about it M I guess it蒺s not too risky for a business W We haven蒺t had any problems although I suppose all business can be risky 1 Being partners we蒺re both liable M Did you both put the same amount of money into the business Or do you mind my asking W To tell you the truth 2 we didn蒺t invest the same amount of capital But we蒺ve combined our resources very well I think M It sounds like it That is one advantage of a general partnership One partner can invest less capital than the other要in fact no money at all要but a partner can contribute important services or skills sometimes just a name or reputation W Exactly M What kind of arrangement do you have for distribution of profits and losses W 3 They are equally shared We hope to be in business for a long time M Good for you 1 B 揖解析铱 细节题遥 对话中谈到野作为合作伙伴袁我们都负有责任遥 冶B 中的 responsible 对应文中的 liable野有责任的袁负有义务的冶袁所以选择 B遥 其他选项均与对话 不符遥 9 10 www TopwayEwww TopwayE 2 C 揖解析铱 细节题遥 对话中女士提到她们的投资金额并不相等袁但她们非常好地组 合了两人的资源袁可排除选项 A遥选项 C 是最佳答案遥此外袁对话中并没有提到她 们的具体投资情况袁故可排除选项 B尧D遥 3 A 揖解析铱 细节题遥 对话中问及利润和损失的分配问题袁女士谈到野它们渊即利润与 损失冤都被平分冶袁即她们共同分享利润尧共同分担损失袁也就是选项 A遥 Questions 4 to 6 are based on the following conversation W Hi got any plans for tonight M Hi not yet Any suggestions W I just got two tickets to the opening of an exhibit of reprints by Julia Margaret Cameron M An exhibit I like such things But I don蒺t know who Julia W Margaret Cameron She was a photographer in the 1800s She is interesting to art historians in general and students of photography in particular because she changes the aesthetics for photography M What do you mean W Well 5 her specialty was portraits and instead of just making a factual record of details like most photographers did you know just capturing what a person looks like in a dispassionate thought of way she like a portrait painter was interested in capturing her subject蒺s personality M Interesting How did she do that W She invented a number of techniques that affect the picture Like one of those things she did was to blur images slightly by using a soft focus on the subject That蒺s pretty common now M Yeah I蒺ve seen that Who did she photograph W 6 Famous people of her day Alfred Lord Tennyson Henry Wadsworth Longfel鄄 low Charles Darwin We蒺ll see at the exhibition M You really pick my curiosity I am going to enjoy this 4 B 揖解析铱 主旨大意题遥 通过男士的提问渊多数都是询问有关 Margaret Cameron 的 情况及对话中多次出现的 she her冤 可以判断出谈话者谈论的是 Margaret Cameron袁一位著名的女摄影家袁所以选择 B遥 答案 A 是干扰选项袁尽管对话始于 谈论晚上的安排袁确定去看展览袁但是接着进入对话主题袁谈论作品的作者袁即 Margaret Cameron遥 5 B 揖解析铱 细节题遥通过问题可知袁此题要求考生对谈话的细节进行是非筛选遥对于 此类题袁考生应边听边在选项旁做适当的记录遥对话谈到 Margaret Cameron 擅长 人像摄影袁能够抓住人物性格特点袁并发明了柔焦技术遥 而选项 B 不是她的特点遥 6 C 揖解析铱 细节题遥对话最后谈到参展的照片是 Margaret Cameron 所拍的那个时代 的名人袁所以选项 C 正确遥 Notable 意为野著名的冶袁是 famous 的同义表达遥 Questions 7 to 10 are based on the following conversation W Reception May I help you M Yes I蒺m in Room 214 I wonder if I can borrow an iron W Certainly I蒺ll ask the housekeeping to bring one to your room 8 There will be a deposit of ten dollars which is refundable of course M Thank you And what do I do about laundry W Just use one of the laundry bags in your closet If you put it out before ten in the morning you will get it back by five M Thanks I have one problem that I hate to bother you with but the air condi鄄 tioner in my room doesn蒺t seem to work right W Is there anything in particular wrong with it M Yes 9 it seems to be making a funny noise and it isn蒺t really cooling the room much W I蒺m sorry about that and I蒺ll call the maintenance people to check it right away M Thank you very much By the way where can I get a newspaper W We have the local newspaper here at the desk 10 and if you蒺d like a national or foreign paper we have those in the gift shop That蒺s in the lobby M Thank you W You蒺re welcome 7 D 揖解析铱 主旨大意题遥男士身份是宾馆客人袁女士是客服人员遥男士提出一系列服 务要求袁如借熨斗袁并询问了一些服务信息袁如洗衣等遥 所以选项 D 为最佳答案遥 男士抱怨的是空调有问题袁而不是客房服务袁因此 A 错误遥 B尧C 虽有提及袁但都 只是对话中的某个细节袁故也错误遥 8 B 揖解析铱 细节题遥 男士提到要借熨斗袁女士说要交 10 美元押金袁所以选择 B遥 对于 此类细节题袁可边听边在选项旁做记录或标记遥当对话中提到了某个选项的内容 时袁 则应细听其是否与问题有关遥 本题则是要细听谈及下列哪个选项时提到了 deposit遥 9 D 揖解析铱 细节题遥 空调的特殊问题是发出奇怪的声响袁制冷效果不好遥 所以选择 D遥 选项 C 利用原文中的 bother 进行干扰遥 10 A 揖解析铱细节题遥本题问的是哪个说法不正确遥男士借熨斗要交押金袁押金可退回 渊refundable 意为野可退回的袁可偿还的冶冤袁所以 B 的说法正确遥 男士的确住在 214 房间袁所以 C 的说法也是正确的遥 在对话开始袁男士就提到想借熨斗袁所以 选项 D 的说法也是正确的遥而国外报纸可以在礼品店买到袁礼品