地理专业术语.doc

alluvium沖積物；沖積層 alpine高山alpine meadow soil高山草甸土 Alpine mountain-building movement阿爾卑斯造山運動alpine vegetation高山植物 Alpine-Himalayan Belt阿爾卑斯喜馬拉雅山帶altiplano高原（玻利維亞） altitude高度ammonia氨 annual mean temperature年平均溫annual rainfall年雨量 annual range of temperature年溫差annual runoff年徑流；年徑流量 Antarctic Circle南極圈anthropogenic factor人為因素 anticline背斜anticyclone反氣旋 anticyclonic circulation反氣旋式環流aquaculture水產養殖 aquatic plant水生植物aqueduct引水槽 aquifer畜水層arable farming耕作農業 arable land可耕地arch(1)背斜，(2)拱頂，(3)穹窿 archipelago群島Arctic air mass北極氣團 Arctic Circle北極圈Arctic climate北極氣候 arctic front北極鋒area sampling區域抽樣；地區抽樣 areal association地區聯繫；地域聯繫areal differentiation地域分異 areal distribution地區分佈；地域分佈areal specialization地區專門化；地域專門化 areal variation地區差異；地域差異arid乾旱 arid dry climate乾旱氣候arid land旱地 aridisol旱成土aridity乾燥度；乾旱度 artesian basin自流水盆地artesian water自流水 artesian well自流井artificial climate人造氣候 assembly industry裝配工業assembly line裝配線 assimilation同化作用association聯繫 asthenosphere軟流圈；岩流圈atlas地圖集 atmosphere大氣；大氣圈atmospheric absorption大氣吸收 atmospheric circulation大氣環流atmospheric disturbance大氣擾動 atmospheric heat balance大氣熱平衡atmospheric heat source大氣熱源 atmospheric motion大氣流動atmospheric pollutant大氣污染物 atmospheric pollution大氣污染atmospheric pressure大氣壓力；氣壓 atmospheric radiation大氣輻射atmospheric refraction大氣折射 atoll環礁attrition磨耗作用；自磨作用 aureole接觸變質帶autumnal equinox秋分 available relief (relative relief)有效地勢；相對地勢avalanche雪崩；山崩 average cost平均成本axial growth軸向增長 axial plane軸baby boom生育高峰 bajada (bahada)山麓沖積扇帶balanced ecosystem平衡生態系統 Baltic-Danish farming波羅的丹麥農業bank deposit河岸沉積物 bank erosion河岸侵蝕bank failure塌岸 bar沙洲；沙壩barchan新月形沙丘 barometer氣壓計barometric gradient氣壓梯度 barren land荒地；瘠地barrier reef堡礁；堤礁 basal sapping基部掏蝕basalt玄武岩 base level基準面basic lava基性熔岩 basic rock基性岩basin盆地 basin irrigation淹灌basin planning流域規劃 basin-and-range terrain盆山相間地形beach海灘 bed scour河床沖刷bedding層理 bedding plane層面beef cattle肉用牛 biochemical oxygen demand(BOD)生化需氧量biocycle生物循環 biodegradation生物降解biogeochemical cycle生物地球化學循環 biogeography生物地理學biological concentration生物密集 biological indicator指示生物biomass生物量 biome生物群落biosphere生物圈 biota (biotic community)生物群biotic balance (equilibrium)生物平衡 biotic barrier生物阻限biotic community (biota)生物群 biotic environment生物環境；生命環境biotic equilibrium (balance)生物平衡 biotic factor生物因素；生命因素biotite黑雲母 birds foot delta鳥足狀三角洲birth control節育；計劃生育 birth rate出生率birth-death ratio生死比率 black earth黑土blizzard暴風雪；雪暴 block diagram立體圖block mountain斷塊山 blowout (deflation hollow)吹蝕穴；風蝕窪地bluff陡坡；陡崖 body wave體波bog蘚沼；沼澤 bog peat沼澤泥炭boreal clima