2750d航空材料规范标准.doc

h T- !_-,-+:-f _. .- . T_ SAE international CroupAEROSPACEMATERIALSPECIFICATION航空材料规范SS-VS,AMS 2750DIssued APR1980 Revised SEP 2005Superseding AMS 2750C 51(R)PYROMETRY高温测量1. SCOPE:. 1.1 This specification covers pyrometric requirements for thermal processing equipment used for heat treatment. It covers temperature sensors, instrumentation, thermal processing equipment, system accuracy tests, and temperature uniformity surveys. These are necessary to ensure that parts or raw materials are heat treated in accordance with the applicable specifications).1.1 该规范包括了热处理所用设备的高温测量要求。其中有温度传感器、测量仪器、热处理设备、系统精度检测和温度均匀性检验方法，以确保零件或原材料的热处理符合相应规范。1.2 This specification is not applicable to heating, or to intermediate thermal processing unless specifically referenced by a material or process specification.1.2 除非材料或工艺规范专门引用，本规范不适用于加热或中间热处理。1.3 This specification applies to laboratory furnaces to the extent specified in 3.6. 2. APPLICABLE 1.3 该规范适用于3.6.2中所规定的实验室炉。2APPLICABLEDOCUMENTS: 2适用文件 The issue of the following documents in effect on the date of the purchase order forms a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. The supplier may work to a subsequent revision of a document unless a specific document issue is specified. When the referenced document has been canceled and no superseding document has been specified, the last published issue of that document shall apply. 下述文件的有效版本从订货日期起构成本规范规定内容的一部分。除非另有专门文件规定供应商可对文件进行随后的修订版操作，当参照文件取消并无替代文件则应采用本文件的最新版本。2.1 ASTM Publications: 2.1 美国材料试验学会出版物Available from ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959.资料源于ASTM，地址：100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA网址：19428-2959.Thermal EMF Test of Single Thermoelement Materials by Comparison with aReference Thermoelement of Similar EMF-Temperature Properties通过与类似电动势温度特性的基准热电元件对比进行单一热电元件热电动势测试。Calibration of Thermocouples by Comparison Techniques用对比法校准热电偶Standard Specification and Temperature-Electromotive Force (EF) Tables forStandardized Thermocouples标准化热电偶的标准规范与温度-电动势表Mineral-Insulated, Metal-Sheathed Base Metal Thermocouples无机物绝缘和金属护套的普通热电偶Standard Specification for Thermocouple Connectors热电偶接头的标准规范Presentation of Data and Control Chart Analysis数据显示与控制曲线分析图Use of Thermocouples in Temperature Measurement测温热电偶的使用ASTM E 207ASTM E 220ASTM E 230ASTM E608 ASTM E1129 ASTM MNL7 ASTM MNL 12echnicai Standards Board Ruies provide that: This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user. wiews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. ght 2005 SAE International its reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, spying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE.ACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) 4-776-4970 (outside USA) 11 w-1-24-776-0790/EB ADDRESS:Leading Our World in MotionAMS2750DSAE AMS 2750D3. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS3.技术要求CONTENTS目录Section段落 Topic标题 Page页码3.1Temperature Sensors温度传感器 .43.1.1 General Sensor Information .通用传感器信息 . Sensor Certificate of Compliance Requirements传感器合格证要求 Degrees to Millivolt Conversion温度与毫伏的转换 .Thermocouple Calibration Requirements热电偶校准要求.Thermocouple Usage热电偶使用方法.Extension Wire补偿导线.Wire Rolls - Calibration Requirements. 金属丝卷盘校准要求.Wire Rolls- Maximum Allowable Length金属丝卷盘最大允许长度.Reuse of Type K and E thermocouples as Secondary Standards orSAT Sensors二级基准器或传感器的K型和E型热电偶的重新使用.0Expendable Base-Metal Test Thermocouple U Formula 消耗性普通检测.热电偶“U”公式. 6 3.1.2Reference Standard Sensors 基准标准器传感器 .63.1.3Primary Standard Sensors. 一级标准器传感器.63.1.4Secondary Standard Sensors. 二级标准器传感器.63.1.5 Temperature Uniformity Survey Sensors . 温度均匀性检验传感器.63.1.6System Accuracy Test Sensors 系统精度检测传感器.73.1.7Control, Monitoring, and Recording Sensors 控制，监测以及记录传感器.73.1.8Load Sensors 负载传感器.;.;.73.2 Instrumentation 测量仪器.i.83.2.4Controlling, Monitoring or Recording instruments 控制，检测或记录仪表.93.2.5Instrument Calibration (also see Table 3) .仪表校验（见表3）.93.2.6Instrumentation Records 测量仪器记录.103.2.7Eiectronic Records Instrumentation 电子记录-测量仪器. 113.3Thermal Processing Equipment . 热处理设备.113.3.1 Furnace Classes (also see Tables 6 and 7). 炉子等级（见表6和表7）.Instrumentation Type A. A型测量仪器.12AMS2750DSAE AMS 2750DCONTENTS目录Section段落 Topic标题 Page页码Instrumentation Type B B型测量仪器.Instrumentation Type C . C型测量仪器.Instrumentation Type D . D型测量仪器.Instrumentation Type E E型测量仪器..1Instrumentation - Refrigeration Equipment 测量仪器-制冷装置..2Instrumentation - Quench Systems 测量仪器-淬火设备.133.4System Accuracy Tests (SATs) 系统精度检测 (SATs) . . 133.4.2System Accuracy Test Frequency (also see Tables 6 and 7)系统精度测试频率（见表6、7）.143.4.3System Accuracy Test Waiver 系统精度测试的终止.143.4.4System Accuracy Test Procedure 系统精度检测程序 ..1Resident Test Sensors 驻留检测传感器. Alternative System Accuracy Test Procedure 系统精度检测程序的更改.183.4.5 System Accuracy Test Instrumentation (also see Tables 1 and 3)系统精度检测测量仪器（见表1、3）.183.4.6 Records - System Accuracy Test 记录-系统精度检测.183.5 Furnace Temperature Uniformity Surveys (TUS) 炉温均匀性检验（TUS）.183.5.2 Multiple Qualified Operating Temperature Ranges 多段合格工作温度范围 .193.5.5 Initial TUS Temperatures 初始TUS温度 .203.5.6 Periodic TUS Temperatures 周期性TUS温度 .203.5.7 TUS Frequency (also see Tables 8 and 9) TUS频率（参见表8、9）.203.5.8 Furnace Parameters During TUS TUS时炉子参数 .203.5.9 Furnace Temperature at Insertion of TUS Sensors 插入TUS感应器时炉子的温度.203.5.10 Load Condition 负载状态 .213.5.11 Furnace Atmosphere during TUS TUS时炉子气氛 .213.5.12 Furnace Vacuum Level during TUS TUS时炉子真空度 .213.5.13 Batch Furnaces, Salt Baths, Controlled Temperature Liquid Baths and Fluidized Bed Furnaces 分批炉、盐浴炉、控温熔浴炉以及流化床炉.21 Number of TUS Sensors (also see Table 11) TUS传感器数量（见表11）. Location of TUS Sensors TUS传感器位置. TUS Data Collection TUS数据采集.22AMS2750DSAE AMS 2750DCONTENTS目录Section段落 Topic标题 Page页码 Alternative Probing Method for Salt Baths, Controlled Temperature Liquid Baths And Fluidized Bed Furnaces 盐浴炉、控温熔浴炉以及流化床炉探测方法的改变.23 3.5.14 Continuous and Semi-continuous Furnaces 连续与半连续作业炉.23 Number and Location of TUS Sensors - Volumetric Method TUS数量与位置体积法.23 Number of TUS Sensors - Plane Method TUS传感器数量-平面法.23 Location of TUS Sensors - Plane Method TUS传感器位置平面法.24 TUS Data Collection TUS数据采集 .24 3.5.15 Alternative TUS Methods For Continuous or Semi-continuous Furnaces or FurnacesWith Retorts or Muffles连续和半连续作业炉或带保护盒或马弗罐炉TUS方法的变更. Probing Method 探测方法. Property Surveys性能检验.253.5.16 TUS Sensor Failures TUS传感器故障.253.5.17 TUS Pass/Fail Requirements TUS合格/不合格要求.263.5.18 Relocation of Hot or Cold Recording Sensors for Class A or C Instrumentation A或C级测量仪表热或冷记录传感器的重新定位.263.5.19 TUS Failures TUS故障.,.:.263.5.20 TUS Instrumentation (also see Tables 1 and 3) TUS测量仪器（见表1、3）.273.5.21 TUS Report TUS报告.273.5.22 Prepublication TUSs 发布前的TUS.283.5.23 Rad iation Surveys 辐射检验.283.6 Laboratory Fu maces 实验室炉 .283.7 Records 记录.294.0 Quality Assurance Provisions 质量保证措施. 29Table 1表格一Sensors and Sensor Calibration 传感器与传感器校验.30Table 2表格二Thermocouples and Extension Wire 热电偶与补偿导线.31 Table 3表格三Instruments and Instrument Calibration 仪器与仪器校验.32 Table 4表格四Resolution Requirements for Furnace Chart Recorders炉子图表记录器的分辨率要求.34 Table 5表格五Process Recorder Print and Chart Speeds 工艺记录器打印与记录纸速度.34 Table 6表格六Parts Furnace Class, Instrument Type, and SAT Interval 零件炉等级、仪表类型和SAT周期. 35CONTENTS目录Section段落 Topic标题 Page页码Table 7 表格七 Raw Material Furnace Class, Instrument Type, and SAT Interval 原材料炉等级、仪表类型和SAT周期.36Table 8 表格八 Parts Furnace Class, Instrument Type, and TUS Interval 零件炉等级、仪表类型和TUS周期.37Table 9表格九 Raw Material Furnace Class, Instrument Type, and TUS Interval 原材料炉等级、仪表类型TUS周期 .37Table 10表格十Permitted Calibration/Test Interval Extension 允许校验/检测周期的延长 .38Table 11表格十一Number of TUS sensors Required TUS传感器所取数量.388.1 Notes 注释 .398.2 Definitions 定义.393.1 Temperature Sensors;3.1 温度传感器Temperature sensors shall comply with Table 1 and the following requirements. Exclusions for specific applications shall be as listed in the following paragraphs. 温度传感器应符合表1和下述要求。除特殊应用外应列入以下各节。3.1.1 Temperature shall be measured by the thermocouples specified herein, or by other thermocouples or temperature sensors that possess equal or better accuracy (maximum .permitted error). Thermocouples may be made either from bare or coated wire or MIMS (mineral insulated, metal sheathed) cable. Unless specifically noted, requirements apply to all temperature sensor materiais. Sensor as used in this specification is identical with temperature sensor. Correction factors for sensors derived from their initial or subsequent calibration may be used to improve temperature accuracy and shall be used when required by this specification.3.1.1 用本规范所规定的热电偶，或具有同等或更高精确度（最大容许误差）的其它热电偶或传感器来测量温度。热电偶可以由裸金属丝或带镀层的金属丝或MIMS（无机物绝缘、金属护套）铠装管。除非特殊注明，以上要求适用于所有温度传感器材料。本规范所使用的“传感器”名称与“温度传感器”同义。从传感器的初始或随后校验中所得到的修正值可用来校准温度精确度，当本规范需要时，则应采用该修正值。 Calibration: Sensors shall have a certificate of compliance that identifies the source of the calibration data, nominal test temperature, actual test temperature readings, calibration technique, and correction factor for each calibration temperature traceable to NIST or other recognized National Standard. Calibration technique shall comply with ASTM E 220, ASTM E 207, or other national standard. 校验：传感器应有一个合格证。该合格证必需标明其校验数据来源、额定检测温度、实际检测温度读数、校验方法以及按NIST或其他公认的国家标准要求的每个校验温度的修正值。校验方法应符合ASTM E 220 ，ASTM E 207或其他国家标准。 Conversion from millivolts to degrees or degrees to millivolts shall be in accordance with ASTM E 230 or other national standard. 由毫伏值换算成温度值或由温度值换算成毫伏值应符合ASTM E 230或其他国家标准。 Temperature sensors shall be calibrated in the temperature range within which they are to be used. Calibration intervals shall not exceed 250 F (140 C) for all thermocouples, except those that are calibrated at fixed points in accordance with ASTM MNL 12 or other national standard. Recalibration after use above 500 F (260 C) of Type K and Type E thermocouples is prohibited. Extrapolation of calibration correction factors above the highest calibration temperature and below the lowest calibration temperature is prohibited. 温度传感器应在使用的温度范围内进行校验。所有热电偶的校验间隔应不超过250 F (140 C) ，根据ASTM MNL 12或其他国家标准规定进行定点校验的除外。对K型和E型热电偶在高于500 F (260 C)使用后不允许再次校验。不允许在高于最高校验温度和低于最低校验温度的情况下外推校验修正值。 Thermocouples and Their Usage: Thermocouples should only be used within the ranges listed in ASTM MNL 12 Table 3.1 (Recommended Upper Temperature Limits for Protected Thermocouples) or 3.5 (Recommended Upper Temperature Limits for Protected Thermoelements), MNL 12ASTM E 230 Table 6 (Suggested Upper Temperature Limits for Protected Thermocouples), ASTM E 608 Table 1 (Suggested Upper Temperature Limits for Sheathed Thermocouples), or other national standard and the sensor supplier. Use of thermocouples not conforming to these recommendations shall be based upon calibration and recalibration intervals required in Table 1 of this document. 热电偶及其使用方法: 热电偶只能在 ASTM MNL 12 表3.1 （铠装热电偶推荐的温度上限）；或3.5（铠装热电偶推荐的温度上限）； ASTM E 230 表6（铠装热电偶推荐的温度上限）；ASTM E 608 表1（铠装热电偶推荐的温度上限）； 或其他国家标准与传感器供应商列出的范围内使用。若热电偶的使用与这些推荐不符，则应按本规范表1要求的校验和重新校验周期进行。.1 Thermocouple calibration intervals specified herein, whether based on time, number of uses, or temperature are the maximums permitted. However, compliance with these intervals does not relieve the user of the responsibility for ensuring that excessive drift has not occurred under the particular conditions (environment, time, and temperature) of exposure. Users shall have supporting data such as,