悬挂式掘根机的开发研制.doc

/ / / /悬挂式掘根机的开发研制 The development of suspension type puller. 这些年，洮南机械林场砍伐更新任务量较大，伐根整理是一大技能难题。为处理这一难题，林场技能人员研发开发合适砍伐迹地整理的悬挂式掘根机。经过实践证明，该掘根机能接连单行掘根作业、本钱低、功率高、功能好，到达伐根整理及整地作业的技能需求。 These years, Taonan forest farm machinery to cut the update task amount is larger, stump finishing is a skill. To deal with this problem, forest technicians R & D appropriate suspension type puller cut slash finishing. Practice has proved, the root function after single root operation, low cost, high power, good function, arrive at the stump finishing and preparation skills needs. 洮南机械林场人工林面积较大，大大都现已进入成熟期，需求进行砍伐更新作业，还有一部分低质林也需改造。曩昔，砍伐后的伐根只能靠人工发掘，不光本钱高，功率低，并且质量也较差，实践证明，这种方式已不习惯林业生产发展的需求，这就需求咱们研发一种林地整理机械来替代旧的生产方式，技能人员经过对发掘伐根作业的详尽调查，在起苗机的启示下，构成研发悬挂式掘根机的计划。 Taonan mechanical forest plantation area is large, the majority has entered the mature stage, the demand for deforestation update operation, there is a part of low-quality forest transformation is required. In the past, cut the stump can only rely on artificial excavation, not only the high cost, low power, and the quality is poor, practice has proved, this way is not accustomed to the development of forestry production demand, this needs us to develop a land finishing machinery to replace the old mode of production, skilled personnel after operation to explore the stump a detailed investigation, the lifter of enlightenment, R & D suspension type puller plan. 掘根深度和宽度,这一参数是依据林场人工林根系成长状况断定的。林场如今进入主伐的林木地径通常为250300 mm,主根笔直散布最大深度为600700 mm，大都分为23叉，向笔直地下方向成长。侧根通常水平散布为放射状，笔直方向长势杰出，为了减小切削阻力（在“五叉股”下部均割为好）和削弱残留根的萌发力，消除更新后新植林的竞赛，进步更新质量，到达林业技能需求，所以掘根深度定为800 mm，宽度为940 mm。 Root depth and width, this parameter is the basis that root growth of forest plantations. Forest felling trees are now in diameter is usually 250 300 mm, root straight spread to a maximum depth of 600 700 mm, were divided into 2 3 fork, grow to straight underground. Roots usually horizontal spread to radial, straight direction is outstanding, in order to reduce the cutting resistance ( in the lower five fork are cut as well) and weaken the residual root adorable force, eliminate the competition for the new afforestation update, progress update quality, reach the forestry skill requirement, so the root depth is 800 mm, width of 940 mm. 入土视点的巨细影响着掘根机的入土功能，挑选的恰当，主刀就易入土，若是入土视点过大会添加土壤对刀刃面的压力和作业阻力；入土视点过小不易入土，碎土也欠好。挑选入土视点时，即要到达需求的掘根深度，又要确保深度的稳定性。经过重复实验，咱们挑选入土视点为5。 The point of view of the size of soil affects buried function puller, selection of appropriate, easy penetration into the main point of view, if the addition on the blade surface pressure and working resistance of soil; soil viewpoint is too small is not easy to be broken, the soil is not good. Choose the viewpoint is buried, to reach the root depth requirements, but also to ensure the stability of depth. After repeated experiments, we choose 5 penetrating view. 为确保将伐根掘抛出地上，起根器尾部高度应超越掘根深度，但不要过高，避免添加阻力或缠根拖根。咱们挑选的高度为1 500 mm.配套动力，红旗100型拖拉机，带液压悬挂组织.首要布局特色，全机系金属布局，首要由悬挂架、横梁、左右纵梁、主刀、侧刀、起根器和联接设备（联接板、联接架、联接螺栓）等部件组成。首要部件由钢板焊接而成。 In order to ensure the stump to dig out the ground, the root device tail height should go beyond the root depth, but not too high, avoid adding resistance or tangle mop root. We choose the height of 1500 mm. auxiliary power, red flag 100 tractor, with hydraulic suspension. The primary layout characteristics, the whole machine metal layout, mainly by the suspension frame, beam, right longitudinal, main, blade, root and connected equipment ( connecting plate, a connecting frame, the bolt ) and other components. The first part is welded by steel plates. 主刀：主刀宽度为940 mm,为确保满足的强度和刚度，选用25 mm钢板。因刃口易磨损，咱们采纳因地制宜，使用废旧钢轨加工制成刀刃，刀刃和刀体镶嵌而成。侧刀：侧刀和主刀制造一样，下端与主刀焊接在一起，上端用螺栓与左右纵梁联接。机架：机架由左右纵梁和横梁构成，焊接成“字形，以确保伐根经过。 Surgeon: the width of 940 mm, to ensure the strength and stiffness, a total of 25 mm steel plate. Because the blade wear, we adopt suit ones measures to local conditions, the use of scrap rail made of blade, blade and the knife body is inlaid into the. Side : the side and a main manufacturing, and th