M6U1知识点.doc

或互动课堂疏导引导一、词汇详解1.make fun of 取笑；拿开玩笑【典型例句】Its cruel to make fun of people who stammer.嘲笑口吃的人是很不人道的。【相关链接】Have fun!/Enjoy oneself!/Have a good time!尽情地玩吧!for fun/in fun开玩笑；不是认真的for the fun of 为了好玩；消遣It is great fun to do.做真有趣What(great) fun it is to do.!做多有趣啊!fun and games 嬉戏；欢闹注意：fun为不可数名词或形容词。1.单项选择（1）_it is to watch a close football game!A.What a great funB.How great funC.What great funD.How great a fun提示:fun为不可数名词。本句是感叹句,what+adj.+n.,How+adj./adv.+主语+谓语。答案:C（2）No one likes_ in public.A.to be made funB.making fun ofC.made fun ofD.being made fun of提示:like doing表示经常性、习惯性的动作；like to do表示某一次具体的行为。答案:D2.response n.C&U (口头或书面的)回答；答复；反应；响应【典型例句】She made no response.她没作任何回答。I received an encouraging response to my advertisement.我的广告宣传有了令人鼓舞的回应。I knocked on the door but there was no response.我敲了门，可是没有回应。The product was developed in response to customer demand.为了满足顾客的需要，开发了这种产品。【知识小结】respond to sb./sth. (with sth.)用答复respond that 从句respond 作“回答；回应”讲时与reply是同义词，用法也相同，作“反应；响应”讲时与react是同义词。【相关链接】in response to 对作出反应respond v. 回答；回应；反应；响应2.单项选择(1)I asked him whats the matter,but he did not_.A.respondB.replyC.answerD.all of the above提示:respond,reply,answer都可以作动词。答案:D(2)A stand-up comedian can tell different jokes_ the reactions of an audience.A.in answer toB.in response toC.in reply toD.A、B and C提示:“根据观众的反应作出答复。”in answer to;in reply to;in response to都符合题意。答案:D(3)You can rely on him_ a challenge.A.to respond toB.to responseC.respondingD.response to提示:rely on sb. to do sth.。答案:A3.observational adj. 观察评论的【典型例句】If you hear a comedian telling jokes about the way people behave when they queue up in lines,or asking why it only rains when you forget your umbrella,you are listening to an observational comedian.当你听到一个单口喜剧演员针对人们排队时的举止说笑话，或者问为什么总是在下雨时才忘了带雨伞，你就是在听一个观察评论类单口喜剧演员在表演。【知识小结】observation n. 观察；观察力；评论under observation 在观察中；被监视中escape observation 未被注意observe v. 观察；看到；注意到；评论observe sb. do/doing sth. 看到某人干某事【相关链接】observe,watch,notice,see,look这五个词均可表示“看”，但各有侧重：observe“观察”，从不同的角度长时间地看并研究。watch“看；观看”，感兴趣地看运动着的东西。notice“看到，注意到，觉察到”，偶尔看到细小的但可能是重要的事情。see“看到”，强调看到的结果，无进行时。look表示动作，不及物动词，指因想看而投注目光，不管结果如何。3.1)单项选择(1)They_ the train until it disappeared in the distance.A.saw B.watchedC.noticedD.observed提示:watch观看正在进行的事物。observe 观察。答案:B(2)If you are interested in the stars,you can_ them through telescope.A.see B.watchC.noticeD.observe提示:“通过天文望远镜观察太空。”答案:D2)完成句子He began by about the report.(开头他先对这个报告作了几点概括性的评论。)答案:making a few general observations4.impressionist adj. 印象模仿的n.印象派画家【典型例句】Pissarro is an impressionist.毕沙罗是一名印象派画家。The last type of stand-up comedy is called impressionist.最后一种单口喜剧被称作印象派的喜欢形式。【知识小结】express wishes 表达愿望express ones meaning 表达意思express oneself=express ones feelings/ideas/opinions 写出/说出某人的感情/想法/观点；流露真情beyond expression 非语言或笔墨所能形容的【相关链接】expression n.表达；表情；措辞；词句express v.表示；表达adj.快速的；特快的4.单项选择(1)He wrote me a letter last month,_his hope that he would visit China again.A.expressedB.expressingC.to expressD.to have expressed提示:现在分词短语作伴随状语。答案:B(2)Tom must have been told the bad news,for he is wearing a sad_.A.faceB.looksC.expressionD.surface提示:句意为“他的脸上带着悲伤的表情”。答案:C5.queue vi. (人、车等)排队等候vt. (使)排队；列队等待n. (人、车等的)队；行列；(储存的数据)队列【典型例句】We had to queue up for an hour for the tickets.我们只得排一个小时的队买票。The system queues the jobs before they are processed.这系统先把任务排列再进行处理。There was a queue of traffic waiting to turn right.有一大串车辆等着右拐弯。【知识小结】be queuing up for sth./to do sth. 排长队等待5.1)单项选择Its good manners_ when you want to get on the bus.A.to queue upB.queuing upC.to queueD.queuing提示:Its good manners to do sth.是固定搭配。答案:A2)改错He is queuing for buying a new book.答案:queuing后加up6.award n.奖；奖品；奖金；奖状vt.授予；奖励；判给【典型例句】He was nominated for the best actor award.他获得最佳男演员奖提名。People like to attend the award ceremony hosted by him.人们喜欢参加他主持的颁奖仪式。She was awarded damages of 50 000.她判得损害赔偿金5万英镑。【知识小结】win/receive/get an award for sth. 因某事赢得/得到/获得奖金award sb. sth.或award sth. to sb. 把某物授予某人【相关链接】辨析prize,medal,reward,awardmedal 奖章；勋章；纪念章Many of the medals were won in diving and gymnastics.许多奖牌是在跳水和体操项目中获得的。prize指因比赛或因某事受到赞扬而给予的奖励。He won first prize in the 100 metres race.他赢得了百米赛的一等奖。reward指因工作或服务得到的报酬，或因协助警方寻找或归还失物被给予的酬金。award与prize近似，都指因为工作杰出而受到奖励。award与reward都可以指“奖励；奖品”，但award侧重于荣誉本身。6.单项选择(1)He got an award_ his good work.A.ofB.forC.toD.on提示:因某事而奖励某人。答案:B(2)Who won the Housing Design_ this year?A.AwardB.PrizeC.RewardD.Medal提示:“住房设计奖。”答案:A(3)She was awarded the Nobel Peace_.A.AwardB.PrizeC.RewardD.Medal提示:“诺贝尔和平奖”，“奖”用prize。答案:B(4)He_ us with a lot of money for helping him.A.awardedB.rewardedC.prizedD.A and B提示:award“用奖励，奖赏某人”，reward sb. with sth.。答案:D(5)He has won 6 gold_ in all his life.A.awardsB.rewardsC.prizesD.medals提示:medal“奖牌”;gold medal “奖牌”。答案:D7.live adv.&adj. 现场直播(地)的；生动(地)的【典型例句】Would you like to watch the live coverage of the World Cup?你喜欢看世界杯的现场直播吗？The show is going out live.这场演出正在实况直播。The club has live music most nights.这俱乐部大多数晚上有现场演奏的音乐。a live fish 一条活鱼【相关链接】alive adj.在世的；健在的(用于人，作表语、后置定语或补足语，不作前置定语)。living adj. 有生命的；活着的(用于人或动植物，作表语、定语或补足语，单个的living作前置定语，living短语作后置定语)。n.生计；生活lively adj.生动的；活泼的7.单项选择(1)Youd better watch the football match tonight.It is_.A.aliveB.livingC.livelyD.live提示:live adj. 现场直播的。答案:D(2)With the development of transportation,fish can be flown or shipped_ from one area to another.A.liveB.aliveC.livingD.lively提示:alive“活的”，作宾语补足语。答案:B(3)Scientists are trying to find any possible sign of things_ on the Mars.A.liveB.aliveC.livingD.lively提示:alive adj. “活着的”，作后置定语。答案:B8.improvise vt. 即兴表演；即兴发挥；即兴创作；临时拼凑【典型例句】I forgot the words of my speech,so I had to improvise.我忘了演讲词，只好随机应变。There isnt much equipment.Were going to have to improvise.设备不多，我们只能临时凑一些。8.完成句子(1)“Itll be ready sometime next week,I expect,”_.(“我估计下个星期内会准备好的，”她随口说道。)(2)We_(临时搭了些架子) out of planks of wood and bricks.答案:(1)she said improvising(2)improvised some shelves9.appropriate adj. 合适的；恰当的【典型例句】Now that the problem has been identified,appropriate action can be taken.现在既已找出问题的症结，即可采取适当行动。Jeans are not appropriate for a formal party.正式聚会上穿牛仔裤不合适。The book was written in a style appropriate to the age of the children.这本书的文体适合儿童阅读。【知识小结】be appropriate for sth. 对说是合适的be appropriate to do sth. 干某事合适【相关链接】appropriate还可以用作动词，意思是“盗用，挪用，占用；拨(专款等)”。9.单项选择(1)Is it now an appropriate time_ a speech?A.makingB.madeC.to makeD.make提示:句意为：“现在发表演讲是不是时候？”答案:C(2)Five million dollars has been appropriated_ research_ the disease.A.for;toB.for;intoC.on;forD.on;into提示:句意为：“已拨款五百万用于这种疾病的研究。”答案:B(3)He was accused_ club funds.A.to approprivateB.of approprivatingC.approprivatedD.approprivating提示:accuse sb. of sth.“指控某人某事”。答案:B10.silent adj. 寂静的；沉默的；不说话的【典型例句】keep/remain/stay silent 保持沉默He is the strong,silent type.他是那种坚强而不爱说话的人。The streets were silent and deserted.大街小巷空无一人。The report is strangely silent on this issue.很奇怪，报告对这个问题避而不谈。【相关链接】辨析silent,calm,quiet,stillsilent指不出声，不说话的静。calm指人的心情平静；湖面、海面风平浪静。quiet指平静；安静；清静；寂静；不喧闹。still指一动不动的静。10.单项选择(1)As the curtain rose,the audience fell_.A.silentB.calmC.quiet D.still提示:silent“不出声”。答案:A(2)The b in lamb is_.A.calmB.quietC.silentD.still提示:句意为：“lamb中字母b不发音。”答案:C(3)Keep_ while I brush your hair.A.quietB.stillC.silentD.calm提示:still adj. “一动不动”。答案:B11.amuse vt. 使愉快；使高兴；逗笑；逗乐【典型例句】My funny drawings amused the kids.我的滑稽图画把孩子们逗乐了。She thought out several ideas to help Laura amuse the twins.她给劳拉出了几个主意，好逗这对双胞胎开心。【相关链接】amused adj. 逗乐的；觉得好笑的amusement n. 可笑；娱乐；游戏amusing adj. 逗人笑的；有乐趣的to ones amusement=to the amusement of sb.令某人高兴的是with amusement 高兴地；愉悦地11.完成句子(1)_to think that they were probably talking about him at that very moment.(想到就在这会儿他们大概正在谈论他，他不禁笑了起来。)(2)Playing with water can_for hours.(嬉水可以使孩子们玩乐好几个小时。)(3)_(使我感到好笑的是),he couldnt get the door open.答案:(1)It amused him(2)keep the children amused(3)To my amusement12.somehow adv.也可作someway(s)，以某种方式(或方法)；由于某种原因；不知怎么地【典型例句】We must stop him from seeing her somehow.不管怎么着，我们都不能让他见到她。Somehow,I dont feel I can trust him.不知为什么，我觉得不能信任他。【相关链接】anyhow=anyway随便地；杂乱无章地；不管怎样，无论如何12.翻译句子(1)她不知道怎么竟迷了路。(2)不知怎得，他竟笑了起来。答案:(1)She somehow got lost.(2)He laughed,somehow.13.worthwhile adj.值得的【典型例句】The smile on her face made it all worthwhile.她脸上的笑容使得这一切都非常值得。It didnt seem worthwhile writing it all out again.把这些都写出来似乎没有必要。【相关链接】worthwhile也可写成worth while。worthwhile,worth与worthy均有“值得”之意，但用法上不同，各自的主要句式有：It is worthwhile to do/doing sth.不能说sth. is worthwhile doing。sth. is worth doing/the money 或名词、代词。sth. is worthy of being done或sth.is worthy to be done。三词都可以用well来修饰，表程度。13.单项选择(1)Only one of these books is_.A.worth to readB.worth being readC.worth of readingD.worth reading提示:be worth doing主动形式表示被动意义。答案:D (2)It is_ to read the book again.A.worthyB.worthwhileC.worthD.worthing提示:值得做某事：It is worthwhile to do(doing)。答案:B14.take on聘用；雇用；呈现；决定做；接纳；同某人较量；反抗【典型例句】She was taken on as a trainee.她受聘为实习生。The rebels took on the entire Roman army.反叛者与整个罗马军队战斗。The chameleon can take on the colours of its background.变色龙可以变成周围环境的颜色。I cant take on any extra work.我不能承担任何额外工作。The ship took on more fruel at Freetown.轮船在弗里敦停靠加燃料。【知识小结】take off 脱下；起飞take up 拿起；开始；继续；从事；接受take over 接管；接手；接任take back 拿回；收回(所说的话)take in 接受；接纳；收容take ones time 不要急；慢慢干take it/things easy 别担心；放心好了14.单项选择(1)Helen always helps her mother even though going to school_ most of her day.A.takes upB.makes upC.saves upD.puts up提示:take up“占据(时间或空间)”。答案:A(2)After ten years work,we make our city_ a new look.A.take upB.take onC.save upD.put up提示:句意为“经过10年的建设，我们使我们的城市呈现新面貌”。答案:B (3)Who will_ the job when Mr. Brown go out?A.take upB.take onC.take backD.take over提示:take over “接管”。答案:D15.setting n.(戏剧、小说等的)场景；环境；背景；(机器上调节速度、高度、温度等的)挡；级；点【典型例句】It was the perfect setting for a wonderful Christmas.环境气氛无可挑剔，正是一个美好的圣诞节所需要的。The performance of the engine was tested at different settings.对引擎的性能在不同的挡上做了实验。People tend to behave differently in different social settings.人在不同的社会环境中有不同的表现。15.1)翻译句子Our story has its setting in ancient Rome.答案:本故事以古罗马为背景。2)单项选择The story was set_ Shanghai.A.onB.in C.upD.at提示:be set in“以为背景”。答案:B16.shift v.&n. 转移，挪动；变换，更替【典型例句】The action of the novel shifts from Paris to London.小说情节从巴黎移到了伦敦。Public attitudes towards marriage have shifted over the past 50 years.50年来，公众对婚姻的态度已经改变了。We need to shift the focus of this debate.我们需要转换一下辩论的焦点。The night shift has/have just come off duty.上夜班的刚刚下班。【知识小结】shift sth. from.to/towards 把从转移到shift your ground 改变立场shift for yourself 独立谋生；自立16.1)单项选择He tried to shift the blame_ his mistake_ his colleagues.A.of;for B.of;toC.for;intoD.for;onto答案:B2)完成句子(1)He shifted his gaze_.(他把目光从孩子身上移到她身上。)(2)Youre going to have to shift for yourself_.(从今以后，你就得独立谋生了。)答案:(1)from the child to her(2)from now on3)改错Tom shifted uncomfortably at his chair.答案:atin17.cosy adj. (也写作cozy)暖和舒适的;亲密无间的；轻易得到的【典型例句】I felt warm and cosy sitting by the fire.坐在炉火旁，我感到暖和舒服极了。I had a cosy chat with my friend yesterday.昨天我和我的朋友闲聊。The danger is that things get too cosy.危险在于一切都来得太容易。17.1)完成句子The firm has a the Ministry of Defence.(这家公司与国防部关系密切。)答案:cosy relationship2)单项选择Do you like this_ room?A.white cosy littleB.little white cosyC.cosy white littleD.cosy little white提示:本题考查多个形容词排列顺序。颜色要紧跟所修饰的词。答案:D18.annoyed adj. 恼怒；生气；烦恼【典型例句】He was beginning to get very annoyed with me about my carelessness.因为我粗心大意，他已开始恼火了。He was annoyed to find himself going red.他因为发觉自己脸红而懊恼。【知识小结】be annoyed with sb. at/about sth. 因某事而和某人生气be annoyed to do 因而懊恼be annoyed that 从句【相关链接】annoy vt. 使生气；使恼怒；打扰annoyance n. 恼怒；使人烦恼的事annoying adj. 使恼怒的；使生气的18.单项选择(1)He always interrupts others,and this is a_ habit.A.annoyedB.annoyingC.annoyD.annoyance提示:本题考查-ing形式的形容词与-ed形式的形容词的区别。annoying“令人恼怒的”。答案:B(2)I was annoyed that they hadnt_.A.turned toB.turned downC.turned upD.turned on提示:turn up出现。答案:C19.crowded adj. 拥挤的；充满的；挤满的【典型例句】In spring the place is crowded with skiers.春季这地方满是滑雪的人。We have a very crowded schedule.我们的日程排得满满的。【相关链接】crowd n.观众；人群v.挤满；使拥挤；涌上(心头)；涌入(脑海)the crowd 群众，民众，老百姓；一伙人，一帮人crowd (a)round sth./sb. 聚集在周围crowd in on sb.(想法、问题等)涌上心头crowd into/onto sth. 大批涌入(狭小空间)crowd sb./sth. into/out 把装满或把排挤在外19.1)单项选择_with many kinds of vehicle,the road is very busy.A.CrowdingB.CrowdedC.Having crowdedD.To be crowded提示:crowded在此作形容词，句意为：“大街上满是拥挤的车辆。”答案:B2)完成句子(1)Police had to_(驱散人群).(2)We all_ to keep warm.(我们都挤在炉火旁取暖。)答案:(1)break up the crowd(2)crowded around the stove20.raise vt. 抬高；举起；使上升；增加；筹募；提及；引起；抚养；种植【典型例句】She raised the gun and fired.她举枪射击。He raised himself up one elbow.他用一只胳膊支起身子。We are raising money for charity.我们在进行慈善募捐。They were both raised in the south.他们俩都在南方长大。【相关链接】rise与raise的区别动词raise后必须接宾语，而rise后不接宾语。rise表示“升起；兴起;发起;上升”。当表示人或物从低处向高处上升时用rise。rise还可表示数量的增加。20.单项选择(1)We were forced to_ the price.A.raise B.rise C.go upD.go on提示:“我们被迫抬高物价。”rise和go up都是不及物动词，不需要带宾语。答案:A(2)The great damage done by the flood made the price_.A.going upB.risingC.raised D.A,B and C提示:不及物动词用-ing形式作宾语补足语。答案:D(3)He_ his voice to make himself_.A.raised;hearB.rose;hearingC.rose;heardD.raised;heard答案:D21.tear vt. 撕扯；撕破；夺走；揪走；拉伤；飞跑；狂奔【典型例句】I tore a hole in my jeans.我的牛仔裤刮破了个窟窿。The storm nearly tore the roof off.暴风雨差一点儿把屋顶掀掉。She tore herself from his grasp.她挣脱了被他紧紧抓着的手。He tore off down the street.他沿大街飞奔。【相关链接】tear n. 破洞；裂口；裂缝tear I n. 眼泪；泪水tear sth. apart 撕毁；撕碎使四分五裂；使分崩离析使不快；使担心tear at sth. 撕裂；扯开tear down 拆毁；拆除tear up 撕毁；撕碎21.1)单项选择(1)Racial strife(冲突) is tearing our country_.A.up B.atC.apartD.down答案:C(2)She_ all the letters he had sent her because they have broken up.A.tore downB.tore atC.tore offD.tore up提示:tear up“撕碎”。答案:D2)英译汉(1)Dinners ready,if you can tear yourself away from the TV.(2)She left the room in tears.答案:(1)开饭了，别舍不得离开电视了。(2)她哭着离开了房间。22.chase v. 追赶，追逐；努力获得，争取得到；追求，求爱；催促；急奔【典型例句】The kids chased each other around the kitchen table.孩子们围着厨房的桌子相互追逐嬉戏。Too many people are chasing too few jobs nowadays.如今有太多的人在角逐寥寥无几的工作。I need to chase him about organizing the meeting.我得催他组织安排这次会议。Ive been chasing around town all morning looking for a present for Tom.为了给汤姆一件礼物，我一上午都在满城奔走寻觅。【相关链接】chase n. 追赶；追捕 give chase (开始)追赶；追捕chase sb./sth. away/off/out 把赶出去chase up 催促；催办22.单项选择(1)My dog likes_ rabbits.A.to chaseB.chasingC.chasedD.to be chased答案:B(2)The team is_ its first win in five games.A.looking forB.gettingC.chasingD.hunting for提示:“这支队正全力以赴地争取获得五场比赛的首场胜利。”答案:C(3)The robber fled along the footpath so we begin to_ along his footprints.A.catchB.take hold ofC.give chaseD.run after提示:“我们开始沿着他的足迹追捕。”答案:C23.burst vt.&vi. 炸破；爆发；(使)胀裂【典型例句】The storm burst and we all got wet.暴风雨突然来袭，我们都淋湿了。She burst through the door into the room.她突然闯进门进入房间。【相关链接】burst n. 突发；猝起a burst of laughter 突发的笑声burst into 闯入；突然出现burst out 突然(哭、笑等)；闯出来；大声喊23.单项选择(1)After having the speech made by the famous artist,the audience_ clapping.A.burst intoB.burst outC.burst upD.burst in答案:B (2)That balloon will burst if you_ any more.A.blow upB.blow it upC.blow up itD.blow it答案:B24.glare vi.瞪眼；怒目而视；常与介词at连用n.怒视；强烈刺目的光【典型例句】She glared at me and said,“I hate you.”她愤怒地瞪着我说道：“我恨你”。The teacher gave the boys a glare when they laughed loudly in class.当男生们在课堂上放声大笑时，老师瞪了他们一眼。She is so afraid of the big dog that she stares at it and cant move a little.她如此害怕这只大狗，以致于瞪着它而一动也不敢动。【相关链接】辨析glare/glance/stare/gaze/glimpseglare侧重于怒视。glance指快速地看某人或某物一眼。stare指由于生气、害怕或吃惊而睁大眼睛注视某物。gaze用于因喜爱和快乐而注视某事物。glimpse无意识地一瞥，看到的粗略印象，强调结构。24.单项选择(1)After a quick_ at the patient the doctor rang for an ambulance.A.glance B.glimpseC.gazeD.stare提示:glance指快速地看某人一眼。答案:A(2)He_ the stars in the sky,smiling.A.stared atB.glared atC.gazed atD.glimpse提示:句意为“他凝视着天空中的星星，笑了。”答案:A(3)He could tell_ what was wrong.A.at a glimpseB.at a glanceC.at a glareD.at a gaze提示:at a glance“瞥一眼”。答案:B25.hold out 提出；伸出；拿出；坚持；不退让