Childrens intelligence based on brain science research development strategy.doc

Childrens intelligence based on brain science research development strategyKey words Childrens Intelligence Brain science is the study of the brain and mental phenomena and the laws of science 1. It is the human knowledge in the history of the subjects involved are numerous areas of concern in many vital interests of human subjects, one of the most closely. Since the mid-20th century, 90 of child development and education on the almost always varying degrees of concern about the brain science, brain science to the many basic research to improve childrens education has become an important theoretical basis is applied, particularly in the promotion of childrens intellectual development play a to a positive role. One based on environmental stimuli on the brain childrens intellectual development strategy The human body is an extremely complex life system, is also an open system, can not leave alone in the surrounding living environment exists, it constantly receives from the surrounding environment in a variety of stimuli (sound, light, electricity, magnetism, vibration, cold, heat, chemicals, etc.). From the physiological point of view, environmental stimuli into two categories: one category is appropriate stimulus, that is, physiological stimulation; the other is hurt or non-physiological stimulation stimulation. If the stimulation intensity, stimulation frequency, stimulation for more than a certain limit, it will cause harm to the human body 2. For children, noxious stimulation of the harm is even greater because the child the ability to resist external damage weaker, more sensitive to the noxious stimulation. Many experiments show that the appropriate physiological stimulation on brain development is not only harmless, but also a good role in promoting 3. Therefore, we can roughly from the following three-pronged approach to promote childrens intellectual development: parents (nanny) for their good quality requirements, including the right to overcome bad habits (such as smoking, etc.); kindergarten choices as far as choice of education environment, better-run kindergarten, it was reported that in the promotion of childrens mental development is superior to the private-run kindergarten kindergarten 4; Children and the Environment who have a warm and loving attachment in order to be able to be adapted from the birth age of positive stimulation. 2 Based on the brain synaptic pruning policy intellectual development of children The latest brain development research shows that early life experiences to brain cells and brain cells, the link between - the formation of synapses between nerve conduction establishment of networks of great significance. In addition to this early experience can enhance nerve contact, but also be able to select and cut such a link. Infants are born about 1011 neurons, each neuron produces a large number of neural synapses, is almost sufficient to maintain the whole life. Life in the first three years a large number of the formation of synapses during synaptic 3 4 years old at an alarming rate increased, 4-year-old reached the peak, and then began to decline slowly. Early childhood the brain is a high density, with the number of synapses is the actual requirements of the two times; 10 years, most of the synapses are not used will be eliminated, that are pruned 5. It should be said, for children, and to link growth and pruning of links with the equally important significance. Numerous, have not been linked does not make practical application of wisdom matched by a corresponding increase, on the contrary, proper pruning is needed to benefit the wisdom to enhance the level of activity to ensure part of the link and flexibility. Therefore, creating a good learning environment to stimulate the synaptic pruning is especially important, it may take the following strategy: responsible for the care of adults to maintain the positive interaction between the mobilization of children to participate in the activities of sensory channels; will be threats, fear and other negative Factors in the elimination from the learning environment; but also challenging to learn, that is a new experience or information through these methods to stimulate the childrens brain connection. 3 based on brain plasticity in childrens intelligence development strategy The so-called brain plasticity refers to the structure of the brain (especially the fine structure of the brain), and functions can be modified by environmental factors, learning training, experience, sex and so may be used to make change. In other words, the brain structure and function has a strong ability to adapt and restructuring capabilities. The plasticity of the brain showed changes in the macro level of brain function (such as learning and memory ability, mental ability, language skills, etc.) changes, behavior changes as well as mental state or mental status changes 6. It can be understood, children are born without a fixed level of intelligence but with learning and great capacity to adapt to change, their intelligence level is changing. Based on the plasticity of the brain should be considered from the following three areas to develop childrens intelligence: factor family and the community, that is, consider, when possible the creation of learning environments to meet the different experiences and socio-cultural experience of the needs of children; children of different ages, learning environment the creation of the specific requirements of different age as far as possible consistent with characteristics and development needs of children; time and space factors, suitable for childrens intellectual development of the learning environment is a living and constantly changing system, it is not just a hardware level of a space, also includes a time-use way, and we look forward to playing a role, so the environment is designed to consider the time factor, as well as the coordination of space and time. In addition, the plasticity of the brain also take into account the extent of development on many factors, such as economic factors, nutrition and environmental quality before and after birth. Reposted elsewhere in the paper for free download http:/ 4 Based on the critical period of brain development, childrens intellectual development strategy There are several times the brains development is very important, in these times, the brain most sensitive to outside stimuli, plasticity of the strongest, the brain structure and function of the most re-competent, the most vulnerable to the impact of the external environment, we have this The period is called the critical period. Of embryonic development for the first 3 months of pregnancy if the mother suffered serious violations (such as viruses, toxins, etc.), fetal brain, may be difficult to restore the damage, because the embryo the first 3 months is the most important period of brain differentiation 7. After the birth of infants and young children continue to develop the brain, neuron dendrites increase in branches, the number of synaptic connections continue to increase, gradually adjust path synaptic connections, neuron axons to form myelin is still connecting the two cerebral hemispheres called the corpus callosum continued development of fiber bundles, etc. 8. After the birth of the various functions of the brains development has its best period, for example, a critical period of visual development and the critical period of language acquisition on the inconsistencies, so we in the development of childrens intelligence, they can target different critical period to take a different Strategy: 2 3 years of age is a critical period of learning spoken language, with emphasis to foster childrens listening and speaking; 4 5 years of age is a critical period of learning written language, this time not only to regulate childrens speech, but also to teach them the appropriate character recognition; 3 10-year-old to learn a second language, the critical period, during which allows children to learn a foreign language is very standard, and without the interference of the mother tongue; 6-year-old before and after the music and sports skills to master the key phase, when the children if the performance of a strong interest in this regard, should try to cultivate. In addition, according to our research psychologists, elementary school students in the cognitive structure is in thinking from concrete to abstract thinking, the critical period of transition, a third-year students are in the form of thinking by the dialectical logic of thinking to the critical period of transition. In short, depending on the critical period should be promptly taken to a different intellectual development strategy. 5 Based on brain function of childrens intellectual development strategy for positioning Brain function positioning the basic problem is to study the function of brain area is fixed or variable. Previously, we have seen marked map brain function in various regions of the brain in various regions of the brain marked the edge of another body organs and internal organs, indicating these regions with those of organs and organ related. But in the 20th century, after 70 years, people thought brain function began to change location. Recently, a neuroscientist at the University of California San Diego campus of Long Rama Chandra breeze to use cotton swabs the patients cheek amputation, the patient will be itching to lose the location of the arm up. Analysis using brain imaging techniques that have been cut-off parts of the sensory cortex neurons has been extended down to the management area of the face. The fact that many neurons in the brain responsible for each finger movements, once the arm was amputated, these neurons on the unemployed, but unwilling, so they extend down into the face of the field to manage the face of the thing, and that means that the function of these neurons changed as needed, also shows that the original function zoning change at this time 9. It should be noted that the left and right brain in charge of rational and emotional statement is now obsolete, and recent research found that: right-brain sensitive to the novelty of the thing, when things are already familiar with a post, you go left brain to deal with 10 . Therefore, we should believe that the normal childs left and right brain is an interrelated whole, the two are intertwined, and when children are active active, must have his entire brain is activated can not be the side of the swing, while asleep. Based on the above theory, another way to develop childrens intelligence is a whole brain development, may take the following strategy, such as: Development Act brain function. Using special instruments and devices induced by the human brain waves; right hand movements to strengthen training, or some skills (such as calligraphy) training; right side of a feature difficult to strengthen the brain hemisphere stimulation; teaching or beads with Chinese characters such as mental arithmetic methods; with the spirit of relaxation methods. Development Act, thinking in images (right-brain development). to explore unfamiliar areas. excavation, mobilization of children unconscious, if they can mobilize the resources of the ocean unconscious, it can greatly improve childrens creativity. In short, the brain science research on childrens intellectual development has an important role of theoretical guidance, the knowledge of the childrens education research and practice is of great significance, helping us to think and realize that every child based on the original development of better References 1 Kang Xiaowei, village following Zeng, Xue-Qun Chen, et al. Brain Science Introduction to M. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University Press, 2006:1. 2 Corchs S, Deco G. Large-scale Neural