Cuisine of the United States.doc

Cuisine of the United States (美国饮食)Because the United States has long attracted immigrants from a wide variety of nations and cultures, it is no surprise that the cuisine of the United States is extremely diverse and difficult to define. One way of describing American cuisine is a synthesis of cuisines from around the world, a style of cooking that takes something from each immigrant community. On the other hand, American cooks have exported a great variety of dishes around the world, and in many ways American cuisine is just as recognisable and as popular as French, Chinese, or Indian.edit Problems with defining American cuisine The hamburger may seem a quintessentially American food, but similar foods are made in Germany and likely brought across to the United States by German immigrants.Arts of theUnited States The cuisine of the Native Americans was of course the first American cooking style, and it lent a great deal not only to subsequent American cooking but also to culinary styles around the world. Turkey, corn (maize), beans, sunflowers, potatoes, peppers, and various forms of squash (including pumpkins) are among the Native American foods now widely consumed elsewhere. Superimposed on this original native diet is the massive contribution of the various immigrant groups; many dishes considered quintessentially American are in fact based upon the cooking traditions of other countries. For example, apple pies, pizza, runzas, chowder, and hamburgers are all either identical to, or derived from, European dishes. Burritos and tacos similarly have their origins in Mexico.Another factor that makes defining American cuisine difficult is that most of it developed as home cooking rather than haute cuisine. Some aspects of American food culture that might not be immediately described as cuisine include baked beans, barbecue, and clam chowder, as well as many of the American-style candy bars and fast-food items popular around the world.edit The origins of American cuisineSome describe native plants and game animals in traditional recipes. As a result, one important characteristic of American cooking is the fusion of multiple ethnic or regional approaches into completely new cooking styles. The cuisine of the South, for example, has been heavily influenced by immigrants from Africa, France, and Mexico, among others. Asian cooking has played a particularly large role in American fusion cuisine.Similarly, while some dishes considered typically American may have their origins in other countries, American cooks and chefs have substantially altered them over the years, to the degree that the dish as now enjoyed the world over may even be considered archetypically American. Hot dogs and hamburgers are both based on traditional German dishes, brought over to America by German immigrants to the United States, but in their modern, popular form they are so altered that they can be reasonably considered American dishes.Given the United States large size it is not surprising that its cuisine is typified by distinct regional variations. The cuisine of the East Coast, for example, makes use of fish and seafood to much greater degree than that of the Midwest, where corn and beef were long more readily available. To some degree, easy transportation of perishable foodstuffs has diminished these regional differences in recent years, but many Americans still associate certain foods with specific places, such as steak with Omaha, lobster with Maine, salmon with Washington, and Blue Crab and Crabcake with Maryland.American cooking has been widely exported beyond its borders. Tex-Mex, Creole, and barbecue restaurants can be found in cities all around the world, while fast-food burger bars and pizzerias are even more popular.Though American cuisine has much regional variation, American cuisine tends to be very bland in taste. The Great Depression forced a standardization of the food industry to consolidate revenue. Through the war years, the combination of the GI ration and the advice of cookbooks in the ways to prepare the standard cuisine. This cuisine came out of the new heart of the American diet, the Midwest.1The homogeneity and predictability of American cuisine began to change during World War II with the adaptation of Italian-American and Chinese foods. Spaghetti and chop suey were served to American GIs during the war. While the American versions of Chinese-inspired foods were at first far from authenticrecipes included ingredients such as ketchup, Worcestershire sauce, and cream of mushroom soupthey represented a new acceptance of less traditionally American foods. Much of the ethnic variety in modern American cuisine has its roots in developments that took place over the last half century.2kies Chop suey edit Notable American chefsWhatever the definition of American cuisine, American chefs have been influential both in the food industry and in popular culture. American cooking has been exported around the world, both through the global expansion of restaurant chains such as T.G.I. Fridays and McDonalds and the efforts of individual restaurateurs such as Bob Payton, credited with bringing American-style pizza to the UK.3The first generation of television chefs such as Robert Carrier and Julia Child tended to concentrate on cooking based primarily on European, especially French and Italian, cuisines. Only during the 1970s and 80s did television chefs such as James Beard and Jeff Smith shift the focus towards home-grown cooking styles, particularly those of the different ethnic groups within the nation. Contemporary television cooks like Rachael Ray and chefs like Anthony Bourdain now cover a variety of cuisines and styles, both home-grown and foreign, reflecting the increasingly adventurous palate of the modern American. In the catering industry, notable American restaurant chefs include Thomas Keller, Charlie Trotter, and Alfred Portale.edit References Levenstein, Paradox of Plenty, pp 24-39 Levenstein, Paradox of Plenty, pp 122-123 Bob Payton, 50, Restaurateur, Dies. New York Times July 16, 1994, Obituary, p 28.1 Levenstein, Harvey. Paradox of Plenty. University of California Press, Ltd.: London, 2003. Korea(韩国): Main Korea Republic food and drink characteristic: High protein , much vegetable , happy event delicate , abstain from greasy food, sense of taste is burned with the cold give first place to. Korean regards rice as staple food down the ages. Cooked food gives first place to stewing to cook and to roast system , is not used for a hot dish mainly. Korean likes to eat noodles , beef , chicken and dogs meat , does not like to eat steamed bread , mutton and duck meat. 韩国饮食的主要特点：高蛋白、多蔬菜、喜清淡、忌油腻，味觉以凉辣为主。韩国人自古以来把米饭当做主食。菜肴以炖煮和烤制为主，基本上不做炒菜。韩国人喜欢吃面条、牛肉、鸡肉和狗肉，不喜欢吃馒头、羊肉和鸭肉。 Japan(日本)Cooking culture introduces Japan Mention food and drink , be that food , vegetable , fish and flesh are that Japanesque non-staple food meal burns, and the Western Europe Chinese meal popularizes also very much like not only give first place to rice, before Japan can sample to rich various meal food. Japan is a very rich countries of high grade water resource , hygiene facilities improves and perfects also very much , drinks therefore running water is in any Japanese place being able to. Modern Japan culture is furthermore colorful. Girls are in the culture studying time-honoured Japan tradition, if sado , the ikebana simultaneous, also jump disco. The scene bordering but building the browse downtown area , antiquited temple and tower is not strange. Therefore modern Japan culture is antiquited have been tied in wedlock. 日本饮食文化介绍 说到饮食，不仅是以大米为主食、蔬菜、鱼与肉为副食的日本式餐点，而且西欧中国餐点一般也很普及，在日本可以品尝到丰富多样的餐食。日本是一个优质水资源非常丰富的国家，卫生设施也很完善，所以自来水在日本的任何地方都可以饮用。现代的日本文化更是多彩多姿。女孩子们在学习自古以来的日本传统文化，如茶道、花道的同时，也跳迪斯科。观览市区、古老寺院和高层建筑相邻而建的情景并不稀奇。故而现代的日本文化是结合了古老的、新兴的、西洋的和东洋的文化而形成。 That Japanese loves the birthday department who raw fish is used f