肯尼亚新议案或使反腐运动受挫一托福阅读机经背景.docx

智课网TOEFL备考资料肯尼亚新议案或使反腐运动受挫一托福阅读机经背景 Kenyas anti-corruption czar began his tenure amidst high hopes he would break Kenyas endemic culture of graft. But just over one year later, PLO Lumumba is set to leave office with little accomplished while new laws threaten to cripple the fight against corruption. 肯尼亚负责反腐败的最高官员走马上任时，人们对他抱有很大的希望，认为他可以打击肯尼亚盛行的贪腐文化。可以在一年之后，卢蒙巴在几乎一无所获的情况下即将离任，而新的法律正在削弱反腐败斗争。 A toothless watchdog In July of last year, Patrick Loch Otieno Lumumba, popularly known as PLO took up office as the director of the Kenya Anti-Corruption Commission. Then a well known lawyer and television personality, he was seen by many at the time as an energetic pick for the anti-graft body, which had been criticized as a toothless watchdog. 去年7月，卢蒙巴就任肯尼亚反腐败委员会主任。当时他是一位知名律师和电视名人，许多人认为他是反腐败机构的一位有力的人选。当时人们批评这个反腐败部门是个没有权力的监督机构。 Lumumba himself embraced the challenge, promising a new day in notoriously corrupt Kenya. “You cannot run a country whose creed is greed. And the duty of those of us who have been given the honor and privilege to be the arrows head in the fight against corruption is to change that creed,” he said. 卢蒙巴本人接受了这一挑战，他保证要让肯尼亚这个臭名昭著的腐败之地迎来新的一天。卢蒙巴说：“你无法治理一个奉行贪婪理念的国家。我们这些人很荣幸地担当起反腐败斗争的先锋，我们的职责就是要改变这种贪婪。” During the first half of his tenure, it appeared as though Lumumba would deliver on many of his grand promises. In early 2011, some of Kenyas major politicians found themselves facing serious charges of corruption and graft. 在他的前一半任期，卢蒙巴似乎愿意兑现他提出的许多豪言壮语。2011年初，肯尼亚一些政治要人面临严重的贪腐指控。 Allegations of irregularities Foreign Minister Moses Wetangula was forced to resign his post after the KACC launched investigations into alleged irregularities in land deals linked to Kenyas foreign embassies. 肯尼亚反腐败委员会曾经调查与肯尼亚驻外使馆有关的地产交易中出现的不法行为，外交部长摩西.韦坦古拉被迫辞职。 Industrialization Minister and Orange Democratic Movement party chief Henry Kosgey stepped down after being linked to illegal imports at Kenyas port. And, powerful Rift Valley politician and presidential hopeful William Ruto was also forced to resign his cabinet post after being charged with benefiting from the illegal sale of government land. 工业部长、橙色民主运动领导人亨利.科斯盖由于卷入在肯尼亚港口非法进口案而辞职。势力很大的裂谷省政治人物、有望当选总统的威廉.鲁托在被控从非法出售政府土地中获利之后也被迫辞去部长职务。 But for all the theatrics and cases launched by the KACC, none of the major investigations over the past year have amounted to any significant convictions. All of the politicians placed under Lumumbas axe have since returned to government. 然而，对于肯尼亚反腐败委员会所有这些作秀般的表演以及查出的案件来说，过去一年所有的重大调查中没有一个导致对任何官员的定罪。从那时以来，在卢蒙巴任职期间被迫辞职的所有官员都重返政府任职。 Now, recent allegations made by Lumumba have provoked a backlash in Kenyas parliament. 卢蒙巴最近提出的指称在肯尼亚议会激起了反弹。 Bribery investigations The KACC Director accused Kenyan Member of Parliament Cecily Mbarire of attempting to bribe him with a check for just over $1,000. Mbarire has hit back, saying the money was requested by Lumumba himself as a donation to the directors charitable foundation. Mbarire has further filed a lawsuit in Kenyas courts, seeking damages for defamation. 这位肯尼亚反腐败委员会主任指责肯尼亚议员姆巴利莱企图用一张1000多美元的支票向他行贿。姆巴利莱反驳说，是卢蒙巴要求他把这笔钱捐给自己的慈善基金会。姆巴利莱还进一步在肯尼亚法院提出起诉，寻求遭受诽谤的赔偿金。 The confrontation has provoked the wrath of Kenyas parliament. In a recent debate, members of the body such as Water and Irrigation Minister Charity Ngilu accused Lumumba of using his office to engage in political attacks. “The kind of a person that we got last year, hoping that he was going to be the right person, really was a big mistake,” Ngilu stated. 这次对抗激起肯尼亚议会的愤怒。在最近一次辩论中，水利与灌溉部长恩吉卢等人指责卢蒙巴利用职权搞政治攻击。恩吉卢说：“我们去年选择这个人的时候，是希望他是个合适的人选，结果却铸成大错。” Many of the members who spoke out against Lumumba - including Ngilu - have been connected to KACC investigations. 包括恩吉卢在内，许多公开反对卢蒙巴的议员都受到肯尼亚反腐败委员会的调查。 Despite the significant criticism being heaped on the anti-corruption chief, Lumumba is not without supporters. Notably, Vice President Kalonzo Musyoka stood up to hit back at those attacking his record. The Vice President said Kenyas Lawmakers were threatened by Lumumbas “bold” fight against official corruption. 尽管这位反腐败领导人正在成为众矢之的，但是仍然有人支持他。尤其是副总统穆西约卡勇敢地向那些攻击卢蒙巴记录的人发起反击。这位副总统说，卢蒙巴对官员腐败进行的大胆打击对议员构成威胁。 Anti-corruption, bill threatened But the recent debates in Kenyas parliament threaten more than Lumumbas job. This week, lawmakers passed the Ethics and Anti-Corruption Bill in order to transition the KACC into the framework envisioned by the new constitution. 可是，肯尼亚议会最近的辩论威胁到的不止是卢蒙巴的工作。这个星期，议员们通过了伦理道德与反腐败议案。 On Friday, a coalition of Kenyans NGOs gathered Thursday to warn against enacting the bill. The Chairman of the National Council of NGOs, Ken Wafula, said the bills passage was a personal attack on PLO Lumumba. 星期五，肯尼亚全国非政府组织委员会主席瓦夫拉警告说，通过这项议案是对卢蒙巴的个人攻击。 “In the end, Parliament legislated against the Directorate of KACC and not corruption. There was a unity of purpose rarely seen in the House in passing some amendments which in our view will greatly undermine the fight against corruption,” Wafula noted. 他说：“最终结果是，议会立法禁止肯尼亚反腐败委员会的监管，而不是禁止腐败。议会在通过一些修正案时表现出罕见的团结一致，而我们则认为这些修正案将会极大地削弱反腐败斗争。” The bill calls for Lumumbas immediate dismissal, leaving the post vacant until a new director is appointed through a political process which could potentially take months. During the debate, the parliament rejected granting the agency prosecutorial powers, an obstacle which observers say has often restricted the KACC. 这项议案要求立即解除卢蒙巴的职务。遗留下来的空缺要等一位新主任来接替。而选择卢蒙巴的继任者需要通过可能长达数月的政治程序。在这场辩论中，议会拒绝给予该机构公诉权。观察人士说，这是常常限制肯尼亚反腐败委员会的一道障碍。 The coalition of NGOs also took issue with an amendment to remove the power of the graft body to regulate foreign bank accounts of public servants. The new constitution forbids public officials from holding foreign accounts, but Wafula said without oversight, the graft body cannot ensure that public officers are not engaging in graft. 这个非政府组织联盟也对一项修正案提出异议，该修正案规定去除这个反贪机构管制公务员的外国银行帐户的权力。虽然新宪法禁止政府工作人员持有外国银行帐户，但是瓦夫拉说，如果没有监督的话，这个反贪机构就不能确保公务员不接受贿赂。 It appears as though the recent actions of Lumumba have prompted Parliament to curtail the powers anti-corruption officials in K