常用的前缀和后缀.doc

一、常用的前缀和后缀1.常用前缀aero-：concerning the air or aircraft planeaeroplane spaceaerospaceanti-：against； opposite of nuclearantinuclear matterantimatter warantiwarauto-：of or by oneself biographyautobiography criticismautocriticismbe-：to treat as the stated thing friendbefriend littlebelittlebi-：two； twice； double lingualbilingual cyclebicyclebio-：concerning living things chemistrybiochemistry spherebiosphereby-,bye-：less important productby-product waybywaycenti-：hundredth part gradecentigrade metercentimeterco-：together, with authorcoauthor existcoexistcol-：(used before l) together, with locationcollocationcom-：(used before b, m, p) together, with passioncompassioncon-：together, with centricconcentric federationconfederationcontra-：opposite dictioncontradiction naturalcontranaturalcor-：(used before r) together, with relatecorrelate respondcorrespondcounter-：opposite actcounteract attackcounterattackcross-：across； going between the stated things and joining them countrycross-country breedcrossbreedde-：showing an opposite； to remove； to reduce codedecode valuedevaluedis-：not； the opposite of advantagedisadvantage agreedisagree honestdishonestem-：(used before b, m, p) to cause to become bodyembody powerempoweren-：to cause to become； to make dangerendanger largeenlarge ex-：former(and still living) ministerex-minister wifeex-wifeextra-：outside； beyond curricularextracurricular ordinaryextraordinaryfore-：in advance, before； in or at the front armforearm warnforewarnil-：(used before l) not legalillegal literateilliterateim-：(used before b, m, p) not moralimmoral possibleimpossiblein-：not directindirect sensitiveinsensitiveinfra-：below in a range； beyond redinfrared structureinfrastructureinter-：between； among changeinterchange nationalinternationalintra-：inside, within； into cityintracity departmentintra-departmentir-：(used before r) not regularirregular responsibleirresponsiblekilo-：thousand gramkilogram meterkilometermacro-：large, esp. concerning a whole system rather than particular parts of economicsmacroeconomics structuremacrostructuremal-：bad or badly functionmalfunction treatmaltreatmicro-：extremely small computermicrocomputer electronicsmicroelectronics mid-：middle daymidday nightmidnightmini-：small； short busminibus skirtminiskirtmis-：bad or badly； wrong or wrongly fortunemisfortune understandmisunderstandmono-：one； single planemonoplane tonemonotonemulti-：more than one； many purposemultipurpose nationalmultinationalnon-：not residentnon(-)resident sensenonsenseout-：outside； beyond liveoutlive dooroutdoorover-：too much； above； additional headoverhead timeovertimepoly-：many centricpolycentric syllabicpolysyllabicpost-：later than； after graduatepostgraduate warpostwarpre-：before； in advance payprepay warprewarpro-：in favor of, supporting Americapro-America abortionpro-abortionpseudo-：not real； false namepseudonym sciencepseudosciencere-：again； back to the former state unitereunite usereuseself-：by means of oneself or itself； of, to, with, for, or in oneself or itself employedself-employed taughtself-taughtsemi-：half； partly circlesemicircle finalsemifinalstep-：not by birth but through a parent who has remarried motherstepmother childrenstepchildrensub-：under, below； less important； part of the stated bigger whole dividesubdivide sectionsubsectionsuper-：more, larger, greater than usual marketsupermarket naturalsupernaturaltele-：at or over a long distance； by or for television communicationtelecommunication screentelescreentherm(o)-：concerning heat chemistrythermochemistry meterthermometertrans-：across, on or to the other side of； between Atlantictransatlantic planttransplanttri-：three； three times angulartriangular cycletricycleultra-：beyond； very, extremely modernultramodern soundultrasoundun-：not certainuncertain fortunateunfortunateunder-：too little； below developunderdevelop seaunderseauni-：one； single formuniform directionalunidirectionalvice-：next in the rank； below chairmanvice-chairman presidentvice-president 2.常用后缀（1）名词后缀-ability, -ibility ableability flexibleflexibility-age postpostage shortshortage-al arrivearrival refuserefusal-an, -ian, -arian librarylibrarian musicmusician-ance, -ence appearappearance referreference-ancy, -ency emergeemergency expectexpectancy-ant, -ent applyapplicant correspondcorrespondent-cy accurateaccuracy privateprivacy-dom kingkingdom free-freedom-ee employemployee interviewinterviewee-er, -or, -ar paintpainter begbeggar-ery bravebravery slaveslavery-ese ChinaChinese JapanJapanese-ess actoractress waiterwaitress-ful handhandful spoonspoonful-hood childchildhood manmanhood-ics electronelectronics linguistlinguistics-ion, -ition, -ation collectcollection observeobservation-ism MarxMarxism socialistsocialism-ist psychiatrypsychiatrist violinviolinist-ity, -ty cruelcruelty purepurity-ment movemovement retireretirement-ness darkdarkness happyhappiness-ology climateclimatology futurefuturology-ship friendfriendship scholarscholarship-sion, -ssion decidedecision expandexpansion-th growgrowth widewidth-ure closeclosure exposeexposure（2）动词后缀-en deepdeepen fastfasten-ify classclassify simplesimplify-ize, -ise modernmodernise/modernize popularpopularise/popularize（3）形容词后缀-able, -ible suitsuitable questionquestionable-al naturenatural structurestructural-an, -arian, -ian suburbsuburban CanadaCanadian-ant, -ent differdifferent pleasepleasant-ary, -ory adviseadvisory customcustomary-ate co