nginx rewrite 参数和例子+常用Rewrite伪静态法则.docx

正则表达式匹配，其中：1. * 为区分大小写匹配2. * * 为不区分大小写匹配3. * !和!*分别为区分大小写不匹配及不区分大小写不匹配文件及目录匹配，其中：1. * -f和!-f用来判断是否存在文件2. * -d和!-d用来判断是否存在目录3. * -e和!-e用来判断是否存在文件或目录4. * -x和!-x用来判断文件是否可执行flag标记有：1. * last 相当于Apache里的L标记，表示完成rewrite2. * break 终止匹配, 不再匹配后面的规则3. * redirect 返回302临时重定向 地址栏会显示跳转后的地址4. * permanent 返回301永久重定向 地址栏会显示跳转后的地址一些可用的全局变量有，可以用做条件判断(待补全)1. $args2. $content_length3. $content_type4. $document_root5. $document_uri6. $host7. $http_user_agent8. $http_cookie9. $limit_rate10. $request_body_file11. $request_method12. $remote_addr13. $remote_port14. $remote_user15. $request_filename16. $request_uri17. $query_string18. $scheme19. $server_protocol20. $server_addr21. $server_name22. $server_port23. $uri结合QeePHP的例子1. if (!-d $request_filename) 2. rewrite /(a-z-A-Z+)/(a-z-A-Z+)/?(.*)$ /index.php?namespace=user&controller=$1&action=$2&$3 last;3. rewrite /(a-z-A-Z+)/?$ /index.php?namespace=user&controller=$1 last;4. break;多目录转成参数/sort/2 = /index.php?act=sort&name=abc&id=21. if ($host * (.*)/.domain/.com) 2. set $sub_name $1; 3. rewrite /sort/(/d+)/?$ /index.php?act=sort&cid=$sub_name&id=$1 last;4. 目录对换/123456/xxxx - /xxxx?id=1234561. rewrite /(/d+)/(.+)/ /$2?id=$1 last;例如下面设定nginx在用户使用ie的使用重定向到/nginx-ie目录下：1. if ($http_user_agent MSIE) 2. rewrite (.*)$ /nginx-ie/$1 break;3. 目录自动加“/”1. if (-d $request_filename)2. rewrite /(.*)(/)$ http:/$host/$1$2/ permanent;3. 禁止htaccess1. location /.ht 2. deny all;3. 禁止多个目录1. location /(cron|templates)/ 2. deny all;3. break;4. 禁止以/data开头的文件可以禁止/data/下多级目录下.log.txt等请求;1. location /data 2. deny all;3. 禁止单个目录不能禁止.log.txt能请求1. location /searchword/cron/ 2. deny all;3. 禁止单个文件1. location /data/sql/data.sql 2. deny all;3. 给favicon.ico和robots.txt设置过期时间;这里为favicon.ico为99天,robots.txt为7天并不记录404错误日志1. location (favicon.ico) 2. log_not_found off;3. expires 99d;4. break;5. 6. 7. location (robots.txt) 8. log_not_found off;9. expires 7d;10. break;11. 设定某个文件的过期时间;这里为600秒，并不记录访问日志1. location /html/scripts/loadhead_1.js 2. access_log off;3. root /opt/lampp/htdocs/web;4. expires 600;5. break;6. 文件反盗链并设置过期时间这里的return 412 为自定义的http状态码，默认为403，方便找出正确的盗链的请求“rewrite / /leech.gif;”显示一张防盗链图片“access_log off;”不记录访问日志，减轻压力“expires 3d”所有文件3天的浏览器缓存1. location * .+/.(jpg|jpeg|gif|png|swf|rar|zip|css|js)$ 2. valid_referers none blocked *. *. localhost 94;3. if ($invalid_referer) 4. rewrite / /leech.gif;5. return 412;6. break;7. 8. access_log off;9. root /opt/lampp/htdocs/web;10. expires 3d;11. break;12. 只充许固定ip访问网站，并加上密码1. root /opt/htdocs/www;2. allow 94;3. allow ;4. allow ;5. deny all;6. auth_basic C1G_ADMIN;7. auth_basic_user_file htpasswd;将多级目录下的文件转成一个文件，增强seo效果/job-123-456-789.html 指向/job/123/456/789.html1. rewrite /job-(0-9+)-(0-9+)-(0-9+)/.html$ /job/$1/$2/jobshow_$3.html last;将根目录下某个文件夹指向2级目录如/shanghaijob/ 指向 /area/shanghai/如果你将last改成permanent，那么浏览器地址栏显是/location/shanghai/1. rewrite /(0-9a-z+)job/(.*)$ /area/$1/$2 last;上面例子有个问题是访问/shanghai 时将不会匹配1. rewrite /(0-9a-z+)job$ /area/$1/ last;2. rewrite /(0-9a-z+)job/(.*)$ /area/$1/$2 last;这样/shanghai 也可以访问了，但页面中的相对链接无法使用，如./list_1.html真实地址是/area/shanghia/list_1.html会变成/list_1.html,导至无法访问。那我加上自动跳转也是不行咯(-d $request_filename)它有个条件是必需为真实目录，而我的rewrite不是的，所以没有效果1. if (-d $request_filename)2. rewrite /(.*)(/)$ http:/$host/$1$2/ permanent;3. 知道原因后就好办了，让我手动跳转吧1. rewrite /(0-9a-z+)job$ /$1job/ permanent;2. rewrite /(0-9a-z+)job/(.*)$ /area/$1/$2 last;文件和目录不存在的时候重定向：1. if (!-e $request_filename) 2. proxy_pass ;3. 域名跳转1. server2. 3. listen 80;4. server_name ;5. index index.html index.htm index.php;6. root /opt/lampp/htdocs/www;7. rewrite / /;8. access_log off;9. 多域名转向1. server_name ;2. index index.html index.htm index.php;3. root /opt/lampp/htdocs;4. if ($host c1gstudio/.net) 5. rewrite (.*) $1 permanent;6. 三级域名跳转1. if ($http_host * (.*)/.i/.c1gstudio/.com$) 2. rewrite (.*) $1;3. break;4. 域名镜向1. server2. 3. listen 80;4. server_name ;5. index index.html index.htm index.php;6. root /opt/lampp/htdocs/www;7. rewrite /(.*) /$1 last;8. access_log off;9. 某个子目录作镜向1. location /zhaopinhui 2. rewrite .+ / last;3. break;4. discuz ucenter home (uchome) rewrite1. rewrite /(space|network)-(.+)/.html$ /$1.php?rewrite=$2 last;2. rewrite /(space|network)/.html$ /$1.php last;3. rewrite /(0-9+)$ /space.php?uid=$1 last;discuz 7 rewrite1. rewrite (.*)/archiver/(fid|tid)-/w/-+/.html)$ $1/archiver/index.php?$2 last;2. rewrite (.*)/forum-(0-9+)-(0-9+)/.html$ $1/forumdisplay.php?fid=$2&page=$3 last;3. rewrite (.*)/thread-(0-9+)-(0-9+)-(0-9+)/.html$ $1/viewthread.php?tid=$2&extra=page/%3D$4&page=$3 last;4. rewrite (.*)/profile-(username|uid)-(.+)/.html$ $1/viewpro.php?$2=$3 last;5. rewrite (.*)/space-(username|uid)-(.+)/.html$ $1/space.php?$2=$3 last;6. rewrite (.*)/tag-(.+)/.html$ $1/tag.php?name=$2 last;给discuz某版块单独配置域名1. server_name ;2. 3. location = / 4. if ($http_host news/.$) 5. rewrite .+ /forum-831-1.html last;6. break;7. 8. discuz ucenter 头像 rewrite 优化1. location /ucenter 2. location .*/.php?$3. 4. #fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;5. fastcgi_pass :9000;6. fastcgi_index index.php;7. include fcgi.conf; 8. 9. 10. location /ucenter/data/avatar 11. log_not_found off;12. access_log off;13. location /(.*)_big/.jpg$ 14. error_page 404 /ucenter/images/noavatar_big.gif;15. 16. location /(.*)_middle/.jpg$ 17. error_page 404 /ucenter/images/noavatar_middle.gif;18. 19. location /(.*)_small/.jpg$ 20. error_page 404 /ucenter/images/noavatar_small.gif;21. 22. expires 300;23. break;24. 25. jspace rewrite1. location .*/.php?$2. 3. #fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;4. fastcgi_pass :9000;5. fastcgi_index index.php;6. include fcgi.conf; 7. 8. 9. location * /index.php/10. 11. rewrite /index.php/(.*) /index.php?$1 break;12. fastcgi_pass :9000;13. fastcgi_index index.php;14. include fcgi.conf;15. 信赖此刻大部门用Linux VPS的伴侣都在利用这个敏捷传布的Nginx，本日就清算一下最常见的PHP法式的Rewrite(伪静态法则)。Wordpress：location / index index.html index.php;if (-f $request_filename/index.html)rewrite (.*) $1/index.html break;if (-f $request_filename/index.php)rewrite (.*) $1/index.php;if (!-f $request_filename)rewrite (.*) /index.php;PHPCMS：location / #以下为PHPCMS 伪静态化rewrite法则rewrite (.*)show-(0-9+)-(0-9+).html$ $1/show.php?itemid=$2&page=$3;rewrite (.*)list-(0-9+)-(0-9+).html$ $1/list.php?catid=$2&page=$3;rewrite (.*)show-(0-9+).html$ $1/show.php?specialid=$2;#以下为PHPWind 伪静态化rewrite法则rewrite (.*)-htm-(.*)$ $1.php?$2 last;rewrite (.*)/simple/(a-z0-9_+.html)$ $1/simple/index.php?$2 last;ECSHOP：if (!-e $request_filename)rewrite /index.php /index.php last;rewrite /category$ /index.php last;rewrite /feed-c(0-9+).xml$” /feed.php?cat=$1 last;rewrite “/feed-b(0-9+).xml$” /feed.php?brand=$1 last;rewrite “/feed.xml$” /feed.php last;rewrite “/category-(0-9+)-b(0-9+)-min(0-9+)-max(0-9+)-attr(-*)-(0-9+)-(.+)-(a-zA-Z+)(.*).html$” /category.php?id=$1&brand=$2&price_min=$3&price_max=$4&filter_attr=$5&page=$6&sort=$7&order=$8 last;rewrite “/category-(0-9+)-b(0-9+)-min(0-9+)-max(0-9+)-attr(-*)(.*).html$” /category.php?id=$1&brand=$2&price_min=$3&price_max=$4&filter_attr=$5 last;rewrite “/category-(0-9+)-b(0-9+)-(0-9+)-(.+)-(a-zA-Z+)(.*).html$” /category.php?id=$1&brand=$2&page=$3&sort=$4&order=$5 last;rewrite “/category-(0-9+)-b(0-9+)-(0-9+)(.*).html$” /category.php?id=$1&brand=$2&page=$3 last;rewrite “/category-(0-9+)-b(0-9+)(.*).html$” /category.php?id=$1&brand=$2 last;rewrite “/category-(0-9+)(.*).html$” /category.php?id=$1 last;rewrite “/goods-(0-9+)(.*).html” /goods.php?id=$1 last;rewrite “/article_cat-(0-9+)-(0-9+)-(.+)-(a-zA-Z+)(.*).html$” /article_cat.php?id=$1&page=$2&sort=$3&order=$4 last;rewrite “/article_cat-(0-9+)-(0-9+)(.*).html$” /article_cat.php?id=$1&page=$2 last;rewrite “/article_cat-(0-9+)(.*).html$” /article_cat.php?id=$1 last;rewrite “/article-(0-9+)(.*).html$” /article.php?id=$1 last;rewrite “/brand-(0-9+)-c(0-9+)-(0-9+)-(.+)-(a-zA-Z+).html” /brand.php?id=$1&cat=$2&page=$3&sort=$4&order=$5 last;rewrite “/brand-(0-9+)-c(0-9+)-(0-9+)(.*).html” /brand.php?id=$1&cat=$2&page=$3 last;rewrite “/brand-(0-9+)-c(0-9+)(.*).html” /brand.php?id=$1&cat=$2 last;rewrite “/brand-(0-9+)(.*).html” /brand.php?id=$1 last;rewrite “/tag-(.*).html” /search.php?keywords=$1 last;rewrite “/snatch-(0-9+).html$” /snatch.php?id=$1 last;rewrite “/group_buy-(0-9+).html$” /group_buy.php?act=view&id=$1 last;rewrite “/auction-(0-9+).html$” /auction.php?act=view&id=$1 last;rewrite “/exchange-id(0-9+)(.*).html$” /exchange.php?id=$1&act=view last;rewrite “/exchange-(0-9+)-min(0-9+)-max(0-9+)-(0-9+)-(.+)-(a-zA-Z+)(.*).html$” /exchange.php?cat_id=$1&integral_min=$2&integral_max=$3&page=$4&sort=$5&order=$6 last;rewrite /exchange-(0-9+)-(0-9+)-(.+)-(a-zA-Z+)(.*).html$” /exchange.php?cat_id=$1&page=$2&sort=$3&order=$4 last;rewrite “/exchange-(0-9+)-(0-9+)(.*).html$” /exchange.php?cat_id=$1&page=$2 last;rewrite “/exchange-(0-9+)(.*).html$” /exchange.php?cat_id=$1 last;SHOPEX:location / if (!-e $request_filename) rewrite /(.+.(html|xml|json|htm|php|jsp|asp|shtml)$ /index.php?$1 last;SaBlog 2.0：# 只带月份的归档rewrite /date/(0-96)/?(0-9+)?/?$ /index.php?action=article&setdate=$1&page=$2 last;# 无分类翻页rewrite /page/(0-9+)?/?$ /index.php?action=article&page=$1 last;# 分类rewrite /category/(0-9+)/?(0-9+)?/?$ /index.php?action=article&cid=$1&page=$2 last;rewrite /category/(/+)/?(0-9+)?/?$ /index.php?action=article&curl=$1&page=$2 last;# 归档、高级搜刮rewrite /(archives|search|article|links)/?$ /index.php?action=$1 last;# 全数批评、标签列表、引用列表 带分页rewrite /(comments|tagslist|trackbacks|article)/?(0-9+)?/?$ /index.php?action=$1&page=$2 last;# tagsrewrite /tag/(/+)/?(0-9+)?/?$ /index.php?action=article&item=$1&page=$2 last;# 文章rewrite /archives/(0-9+)/?(0-9+)?/?$ /index.php?action=show&id=$1&page=$2 last;# RSS rewrite /rss/(0-9+)?/?$ /rss.php?cid=$1 last;rewrite /rss/(/+)/?$ /rss.php?url=$1 last;# 用户 re