基本术语2.doc

对外贸易术语大汇总2008版2008版对外贸易术语大汇总(一)工厂交货( EXW)此术语英文为“EX Works( named place)”，即“工厂交货(指定地点)”。它指卖方负有在其所在地即车间、工厂、仓库等把备妥的货物交付给买方的责任， 但通常不负责将货物装上买方准备的车辆上或办理货物结关。 买方承担自卖方的所在地将货物运至预期的目的地的全部费用和风险。(二)货交承运人(FCA)此术语英文为“Free Carrier( named place)”，即“货物交承运人(指定地点)”。 它指卖方应负责将其移交的货物，办理出关后，在指定的地点交付给买方指定的承运入照管。 根据商业惯例，当卖方被要求与承运人通过签订合同进行协作时， 在买方承担风险和费用的情况下，卖方可以照此办理。本术语适用于任何运输方式。(三)船边交货(FAS)此术语英文为“Free Alongside Ship( named port of shipment)”即船边交货(指定装运港)。 它指卖方在指定的装运港码头或驳船上把货物交至船边， 从这时起买方须承担货物灭失或损坏的全部费用和风险， 另外买方须办理出口结关手续。本术语适用于海运或内河运输。(四)船上交货(FOB)此术语英文为“Free on Board( named port of shipment)”，即“船上交货(指定装运港)”。它指卖方在指定的装运港把货物送过船舷后交付， 货过船舷后买方须承担货物的全部费用、风险、灭失或损坏，另外要求卖方办理货物的出口结关手续。 本术语适用于海运或内河运输。(五)成本加运费(CFR 或 C&F)此术语英文为“Cost and Freight (named port of shipment)”，即“成本加运费(指定目的港)”。它指卖方必须支付把货物运至指定目的港所需的开支和运费， 但从货物交至船上甲板后，货物的风险、灭失或损坏以及发生事故后造成的额外开支， 在货物越过指定港的船舷后，就由卖方转向买方负担另外要求卖方办理货物的出口结关手续。 本术语适用于海运或内河运输。(六)成本、保险费加运费(CIF)此术语英文为“Cost,Insurance and Freight(named port of shipment)”，即“成本、保险费加运费(指定目的港)”。它指卖方除负有与“成本加运费”术语相同的义务外， 卖方还须办理货物在运输途中应由买方承担购货物灭失或损坏的海运保险并支付保险费。 本术语适用于海运或内河运输。(七)运费付至(CPT)此术语英文为“Carriage Paid to( named place of destination)”，即“运费付至(指定目的地)”。本术语系指卖方支付货物运至指定目的地的运费。 关于货物灭失或损坏的风险以及货物交至承运人后发生事件所产生的任何额外费用， 自货物已交付给承运人照管之时起，从卖方转由买方承担。另外， 卖方须办理货物出口的结关手续。本术语适用于各种运输方式，包括多式联运。(八)运费及保险费付至(CIP)此术语英文为“Carriage and Insurance Paid to( named place of destination)”，即“运费及保险费付至(指定目的地)。”它指卖方除负有与“运费付至(指定目的地)”术语相同的义务外， 卖方还须办理货物在运输途中应由买方承担的货物灭失或损坏风险的海运保险并支付保险费。 本术语适用于任何运输方式。(九)边境交货(DAF)本术语的英文为“Delivered at Frontier(named place)”，即“边境交货(指定地点)”。它指卖方承担如下义务， 将备妥的货物运至边境上的指定地点，办理货物出口结关手续，在毗邻国家海关关境前交货， 本术语主要适用于通过铁路或公路运输的货物，也可用于其他运输方式。(十)目的港船上交货(DES)本术语的英文为“Delivered Ex Ship( named port of destination)”，即“目的港船上交货(指定目的港)”。它系指卖方履行如下义务，把备妥的货物， 在指定目的港的船甲板上不办理货物进口结关手续的情况下，交给买方， 故卖方须承担包括货物运至指定目的港的所有费用与风险。本术语只适用于海运或内河运输。(十一)目的港码头交货(DEQ)本术语的英文为 ：“Delivered Ex Quay (Duty Paid)(named port of destination)”，即“目的港码头交货(关税已付)(指定目的港)”。本术语指卖方履行如下义务， 将其备好的货物，在指定目的港的码头，办理进口结关后，交付给买方， 而且卖方须承担所有风险和费用，包括关锐、捐税和其他交货中出现的费用。 本术语适用于海运或内河运输。(十二)未完税交货(DDU)本术语的英文为“Delivered Duty Unpaid( named place of destination)”，即“未完税交货(指定目的地)”。它指卖方将备好的货物，在进口国指定的地点交付， 而且须承担货物运至指定地点的一切费用和风险(不包括关税、捐税及进口时应支付的其他官方费用)， 另外须承担办理海关手续的费用和风险。买方须承担因未能及时办理货物进口结关而引起的额外费用和风险。 本术语适用于各种运输方式。(十三)完税后交货(DDP)本术语的英文为“Delivered Duty Paid( named place of destination)”，即“完税后交货(指定目的地)”。它是指卖方将备好的货物在进口国指定地点交付， 而且承担将货物运至指定地点的一切费用和风险，并办理进口结关。 本术语可适用于各种运输方式。(十四)信用证(L/C)本术语的英文为“Letter of Credit”，即信用证。进口商开出信用证给出口商，在出口商交单给进口商银行后，进口商会先将货款结算给出口商，对双方都比较公平，但对少数流氓国家也不保险。信用证所需手续费较其它成交方式要高。(十五)电汇(T/T)本术语的英文为“Telegraphic Transfer”，即电汇。分货前（in advance)和货后(after shipment)两种，货前电汇当然对出口商划算了，反之亦然。(十六)交款赎单(D/A)本术语的英文为“Documents against payment”，即交款赎单。出口商将货发走后，从货运代理那儿取得提单，然后将全套单据提交给银行，出口商委托的银行审单后将全套单据寄给进口商委托银行，进口商委托银行会通知进口商付款，只有进口商付给进口商委托银行全额货款后才能拿到单据用以提货清关。这种付款方式比较常见，只是怕进口商和它的银行太熟，先拿单子后付款或不付款。(十七)提单(B/L)本术语的英文为“Bill of Lading”，即提单，是进口商用以提货的主要凭证。外贸常用缩写语外贸常用缩写语cu.ft.;cb.ft. cubic foot 立方英尺cur.;curt. current(this month) 本月cur. currency 币制cu.yd.;cb.yd. cubic yard 立方码C.W.O. cash with order 订货时付款c.w.t.;cwt. hundredweight 英担(122磅)CY Container Yard 集装箱堆场d. denarii(L),panny or pence 便士D/A Document against Acceptance 承兑交单d/a days after acceptance 承兑后若干天(交款)D.D.;D/D Demand draft 即期汇票 Delivered at docks 码头交货D/d documentary draft 跟单汇票Dec. December 十二月deld. delivered 交付dept. department 部;股;处destn. destination 目的港;目的地D/f dead freight 空舱费drt. draft 汇票diam. diameter 直径diff. difference 差额;差异dis.;disct discount 贴现;折扣;贴现息dis.;Dolls. dollars 元Dmge. Damage 损坏 destn. destination 目的港;目的地D/N debit note 久款帐单doc. document 单据doc.att. document attached 附单据;附证件dols.;dolls. dollars 元D/P document against payment 付款交单doz. dozen 打d.p. direct port 直达 港口d/s;d.s.;days.st. days after sight 见票后若干天付款ds.;ds days 日dto.;do ditto 同上;同前d.t. delivery time 交货时间dup.;dupl.;duplte. duplicate 誊本;第二份;两份D.W.T. dead weight tonnage 载重吨D/Y delivery 交付;交货dz.;doz. dozen 打ea. each 每E.C. Exempli causa(for example) 例如E/D Export Declaration 出口申报单E.E. errors excepted 错误当查;错误当改E.E.C. European Economic Community 欧洲共同体e.g.;ex.g. Exempli gratia(L.)=for example 例如end. endorsed;endorsement 背书encl.;enc. ecnlosure 附件E.&O.E. errors and omissions excepted 错漏当查;错漏当改E.O.M. end of month 月末E.O.S. end of season 季末eq. equivalent 等值的,等量的e.q.m. equal quantity monthly 每月相等的数量Et.seq. Et sequentia(and other things) 及以下所棕述的Et.al. Et.alibi(and elsewhere) 等等e.t.a.;eta;ETA estimated(expected)time of arrival 预计到时间etc. et cetera(L.)=and others 等等ETCL;etcl expected time of commencement of loading 预计开装时间etd;ETD estimated(expected)time of departure 预计离港时间ETDEL expected time of delivery 预计交货时间ETFD expected time of finishing discharging 预计卸完时间ETFL expected time of finishing loading 预计装完时间ex per or out of 搭乘ex. excluding 除外;example 例子;样本Exch. exchange,兑换;汇兑Excl. exclusive or excluding 除外. ex interest 无利息exp. export 出口Exs. expenses 费用Ext. extra 特别的;额外的F degree Fahrenheit 华氏度数F.A. free alongside(ship) (船)边交货f/a/a;F.A.A. free from all average 分损不赔(保险用语)f.a.c. fast as can 尽快f.a.q.;E.A.Q. fair average quality 大路货;中等品质f.a.s.;F.A.S. free alongside ship 船边交货价F.B. freight bill 运费单fc franc 法郎Fch. frachise 免赔率(一般指相对的)FCL Full Container Load 整箱货F.C.&.S. free of capture and seizure clause 战争险不保条款f.e. for example 例如Feb. February 二月f.f.a. free from alongside 船边交货价f.g.a.;F.G.A. free from general average 共同海损不赔f.i. for instance 例如;free in 船方不负担装船费f.ig. figure 数字f.i.o. free in and out 船方不负担装卸费fi.o.s. free in,out and stowed 船方不负担装卸费及理舱费f.i.o.s.t. free in.lut,stowed and trimmed 船方不负担装卸费、理舱费及平舱费f.i.w. free in wagon 承运人不负担装入货车费F/O in favor of 交付给.,以.为受益人f.o. free out 船方不负担卸货费F.O.A. free on aircraft 飞机上交货价fo.vo. filio verso=turn the page 转下页f.o.r.;F.O.R. free on rail 火车上交货价FOS.;f.o.s. free on steamer 船上交货价f.o.b.;F.O.B. free on board 船上交货价F.O.B.S. free on board stowed 包括理舱费在内的船上交货价f.o.c. free of charges 免费f.ot.;fot free on truck 卡车上交货价F/P fire policy 火灾保险单E.P. floating policy 总括保险单F.P.A. free from particular average 平安险F.;Fr. franc 法郎frt.;frit.;fgt. freight 运费frt.ppd freight prepaid 运费已预付ft. foot 英尺ft.-lb. foot-pound 英尺磅(功的单位)f.w.d. fresh water damage 淡水损失fwd. forward 前面;接下页F.X. foreign excharge 外汇对外贸易基本术语对外贸易基本术语hey mainly trade with Japanese firms.他们主要和日本商行进行贸易。For the past five years, we have done a lot of trade with your company.在过去的五年中，我们与贵国进行了大量的贸易。Our trade is conducted on the basis of equality.我们是在平等的基础上进行贸易。There has been a slowdown in the wool trade with you.和你们的羊毛贸易已有所减少。Our foreign trade is continuously expanding.我们的对外贸易不断发展。Trade in leather has gone up (down) 3%.皮革贸易上升（下降）了百分之三。Trade in general is improving.贸易情况正在好转。Our company mainly trades in arts and crafts.我们公司主要经营手工艺品。They are well-known in trade circles.他们在贸易界很有名望。We trade with people in all countries on the basis of equality and mutual benefit.我们在平等互利的基础上和各国人民进行贸易。To respect the local custom of the buying country is one important aspect of Chinas foreign policy.尊重买方国家的风俗习惯是我国贸易政策的一个重要方面。Our purpose is to explore the possibilities of developing trade with you.我们的目的是和你们探讨一下发展贸易的可能性。Words and Phrasesforeign trade 对外贸易overseas trade 海外贸易international trade 国际贸易to trade with 和.进行贸易to do business in a moderate way 做生意稳重to do business in a sincere way 做生意诚恳to make a deal 做一笔交易deal 交易，经营，处理，与.交往to deal in 经营，做生意to explore the possibilities of 探讨.的可能性trade circles 贸易界to handle 经营某商品to trade in 经营某商品business scope/frame 经营范围trading firm/house 贸易行，商行2.Can we do a barter trade?咱们能不能做一笔易货贸易呢？Is it still a direct barter trade?这还算是一种直接的易货贸易吗？If you agree to our proposal of a barter trade, well give you paper in exchange for your timber.如果你方同意我们进行易货贸易的建议，我们将用纸与你们交换木材。Shall we sign a triangle trade agreement?我们订一个三角贸易协议好吗？ A triangle trade can be carried out among the three of us.我们三方可进行三角贸易。Compensation trade is, in fact, a kind of loan.补偿贸易实际上是一种信贷。We may agree to do processing trade with you.我们同意与你们进行来料加工贸易。If youre interested in leasing trade, please let us know.如果你们有意做租赁贸易，请告诉我们。We wonder whether you do counter trade.我们不知道你们是否做抵偿贸易。trade by commodities 商品贸易visible trade 有形贸易invisible trade 无形贸易barter trade 易货贸易bilateral trade 双边贸易triangle trade 三角贸易multilateral trade 多边贸易counter trade 对销贸易；抵偿贸易counter purchase 互购贸易buy-back 回购贸易compensation trade 补偿贸易processing trade 来料加工贸易assembling trade 来料装配贸易leasing trade 租赁贸易in exchange for 用.交换.trade agreement 贸易协议3.We want to develop direct contact with Continental buyers for ourselves.我们想为自己的公司同欧洲大陆的买主建立起直接的联系。We see that your firm specializes in Light Industrial Goods, and we are willing to establish business relationship with you.得知贵公司专门经营轻工业品，我们愿意与贵公司建立业务关系。We are one of the largest importers of Electric Goods in this city, and we wish to establish business relationship with you.我们是此地最大的电器进口商之一，愿意与你们建立业务关系。We are willing to enter into business relationship with your company on the basis of equality and mutual benefit.我们愿在平等互利的基础上与贵公司建立业务关系。Our two countries have had trade relations for ten years.我们两国之间已经有了10年的贸易关系。Weve never had any difficulties with our Chinese partners, and wed like to make as many new contacts as we can.和中国同行共事从来没有什么困难，希望今后我们之间尽可能多地建立新的关系。We have made a very good start in our business with Japan.我们和日本在业务上有了良好的开端。Our company is thinking of expanding its business relationship with China.我公司想扩大与中国的贸易关系。As is known, we set great store by the trade relationship with the third world countries.众所周知，我们十分重视同第三世界国家的贸易关系。We look forward to reactivating our business relationship.我们盼望我们的业务关系重新活跃起来。We shall welcome a chance to renew our friendly relationship.很高兴能有机会来恢复我们的友好关系。Well try our best to widen our business relationship with you.我们将尽力扩大同你们的贸易关系。Were writing you in order to establish business relationship.我们写此信是为了与你方建立业务关系。The arrangement will contribute to cement our pleasant relationship.此项安排将有助于巩固我们良好的关系。Were willing to restore our business relationship.我们希望能恢复贸易关系。It will be advantageous if steps are taken to resume our business relationship on the basis of mutual benefit.如果我们采取措施在互利的基础上恢复业务关系，对我们都是有利的。The depressed market results in the stagnation of trade.市场萧条导致贸易停滞。We have been doing quite well in our business, we are willing to open an account with you.我们的生意一直做得不错，希望能与你们建立帐户往来关系。Words and Phrasesbusiness association 业务联系，交往business connection 业务联系close relationship 密切的关系closer ties 更密切的关系to establish(enter into, set up)business relationship 建立业务关系to continue business relationship 继续业务关系to present business relationship 保持业务关系to improve business relationship 改善业务关系to promote business relationship 促进业务关系to speed up business relationship 加快业务关系的发展to enlarge (widen) business relationship 扩大业务关系to restore (resume) business relationship 恢复业务关系to interrupt business relationship 中断业务关系to cement business relationship 巩固业务关系4.When could you introduce me to your sister company?什么时候把贵公司的兄弟公司介绍给我们？Would you please introduce us to some of the most reliable exporters of Chinese handicrafts?请向我们推荐一些最可靠的中国手工艺品出口商，可以吗？If you are interested in dealing, with us in other products of our company, please inform us of your requirements as well as your bankers name and address.如果你们有意经营我公司其他产品，请告知你方要求及往来银行的名称和地址。Because of the rapid development of our business in Asia, we think its necessary to open a branch at the following address.鉴于我们在亚洲地区业务的迅速发展，有必要在下列地点设立分公司。Weve often expressed our interest in investing in China.我们一直对在中国投资很感兴趣。Our abundant resources and stable policy provide foreigners with the advantages they invest here.我们丰富的资源和稳定的政策为外商投资提供了有利条件。Thank you for your manner of business cooperation.我们对你们的合作态度非常满意。We have been working on expanding our scope of cooperation with China.我们一直努力设法扩大与中国的合作范围。We believe in long-term cooperation with China because we view the future as bright.我们相信与中国长期合作的前途是光明的。trade prospects/outlook 贸易前景trade cooperation 贸易合作technological cooperation 技术合作business cooperation 业务合作cooperative relationship 合作关系the scope of cooperation 合作范围Additional Words and Phrasestrade fair 贸易展销会trade show 贸易展览trade agreement 贸易协议to establish agreement 达成协议to reach an agreement 达成协议trade terms/clause 贸易条款trade balance 贸易平衡to conclude a business transaction 达成贸易交易to work with 与.共事business activities 经济活动business house 商行；商号trading department/mechanics 贸易机构trade association 贸易协会the foreign trade department 对外贸易部门C.C.P.I.T.( China Council for the Promotion of International Trade)中国国际贸易促进会Commercial Counselors Office中国使馆的商务处Chamber of Commerce 商会trading partnership 经营合伙人foreign trade personnel 外贸工作者trading center 贸易中心trading market 贸易市场tradesman/trade peoples 商人，零售商注会英语中的基础分录1）purchases of inventory in cash for RMB￥3,000（ 现金人民币3,000元购买存货）Dr.inventory 3,000Cr.cash 3,000借：存货 3,000贷：库存现金 3,0002）sales on account of US$10,000 （赊销方式销售，收入10,000美元）Dr.account receivable 10,000Cr.sales revenue 10,000借：应收账款 10,000贷：销售收入 10,0003）paid RMB￥50,000 in salaries & wages（ 支付工资人民币50,000元）Dr.wages & salaries expense 50,000Cr.bank deposit 50,000借：职工薪酬 50,000贷：银行存款 50,0004）cash sale of US$1,180（ 销售收入现金1,180美元）Dr.cash 1,180Cr.sales revenue 1,180借：库存现金 1,180贷：销售收入1,1805）pre-paid insurance for US$12,000 （预付保险费12,000美元）Dr.prepaid insurance 12,000Cr.bank deposit 12,000借：预付保险 12,000贷：银行存款 12,000海关单证常见单词保险费 insurance被通知人 notify party承运人 carrier尺寸 size船名及航次 ocean vessel voy.no.单价 unit price单证 documents DOC(S)到达港 port of arrival P.A发票 invoice合同 contract CONT货物描述 description goods件数 packages PKGS经过 via净重 net weight N.W.空运提单 air way bill A.W.B.毛重 gross weight G.W/GR.WT目的国 destination country收货人 consignee数量 quantity所附单证 documents attached DOC.ATT提单 bill of lading停靠港 port of call P.O.C.托运人 shipper卸货港 port of discharge P.O.D.型号 model佣金 commission原产国 made in / origin /m运费 freight杂费 extras .折扣 rebate/allowance .指运港 port of destination P.O.D.转运到 intransit to转运港 port of transfer P.O.T.装货港 port of loading P.O.L装箱单 packing list总额 amount AMT总价 total amount商检英语常用句型（一）（一）Shall we take up the question of inspection today?今天咱们讨论商品检验问题吧。The inspection of commodity is no easy job.商检工作不是那么简单。Mr. Black is talking with the Chinese importer about inspecting thegoods.布莱克先生与中方进口商就商品检验问题进行洽谈。As an integral part of the contract, the inspection of goods has itsspecial importance.作为合同里的一个组成部分，商品检验具有特殊的重要性。We should inspect this batch of porcelainware to see if there is anybreakage.我们要检查一下这批瓷器是否有破损的。The exporters have the right to inspect the export goods beforedelivery to the shipping line.出口商在向船运公司托运前有权检验商品。The inspection should be completed within a month after the arrivalof the goods.商品检验工作在到货后一个月内完成。How should we define the inspection rights?商检的权力怎样加以明确呢？Im worried that there might be some disputes over the results ofinspection.我担心对商检的结果会发生争议。Well accept the goods only if the results from the two inspectionsare identical with each other.如果双方的检测结果一致，我们就收货。Words and Phrasesinspection检验inspect检验to inspect A for B检查A中是否有Binspector检验员inspector of tax税务稽查员inspection of commodity商品检验商检英语常用句型（二）（二）Where do you wish to reinspect the goods?您希望在哪里复验商品？The importers have the right to reinspect the goods after their arrival.进口商在货到后有权复验商品。Whats the time limit for the reinspection?复验的时限是什么时候？Its very complicated to have the goods reinspected and tested.这批货测试和复验起来比较复杂。What if the results from the inspection and the reinspection do not coincide with each other?如果检验和复验的结果有出入该怎么办呢？Words and Phrasesreinspect复验reinspection复验商检英语常用句型（三）（三）Who issues the inspection certificate in case the quality do not confirm to the contract?如果货物的质量与合同不符，由谁出具检验证明书呢？The certificate will be issued by China Import and Export Commodity Inspection Bureau or by any of its branches.检验证明书将由中国进出口商品检验局或其分支机构出具。The Inspection Certificate will be signed by the commissioner of your bureau.检验证明书将由商检局局长签字。Our certificates are made valid by means of the official seal and personal chop of the commissioner.我们的证明书以盖公章和局长签字为有效。As a rule, our certificate is made out in Chinese and English.通常证明书是用中文和英文开具的。You may have another certificate showing the goods to be free from radioactive contamination.你们还要出具另一份证明书，以证明货物没有受放射线污染。Our goods must be up to export standards before the Inspection Bureau releases them.我们的货物只有在符合出口标准后，商检局才予以放行。Our Inspection Bureau will issue a Veterinary Inspection Certificate to show that the shipment is in conformity with export standards.商检局将出具动物检疫证明书以证明货物符合出口标准。Is it convenient for you to engage a surveyor?你方便联系公证吗？We have the best surveyor, China Import and Export Commodity Inspection Bureau.我们有最好的公证行，即中国进出口商品检验局。外贸出口词汇货物 goods/ freight/ cargo运输 transportation/ transit/ conveyance运送 to transport/ to carry/ to convey运输业 transportation business/ forwarding business/ carrying trade运输代理人 a forwarding agent承运人 a freight agent/ a carrier船务代理人 a shipping agent陆上运输 transportation by land海上运输 transportation by sea货物运输 goods traffic/ freight traffic/ carriage of freights/ carriage of goods货轮 cargo boat/ freighter/ cargo steamer/ cargo carrier火车 goods-train/ freight-train卡车 goods-van/ goods wagon