高考英语语法复习阅读理解.doc

第二部分 题型专项阅读理解#一、考点聚焦 1、题型特点阅读是理解和吸收书面信息的能力。中学英语教学大纲规定，中学生应侧重培养阅读理解能力。阅读材料的选取原则为：（1）阅读量不少于1000个单词。近三年超过2000字篇数为5篇，读速要求为44.2，44.6和46.3wpm。（2）题材多样化，包括科普、社会、文化、政治、史地、经济、新闻报道乃至广告说明。（3）体裁避免单一化，包括记叙文、说明文、应用文等。2、试题要求（1）掌握所读材料的主旨和大意，以及用以说明主旨和大意的事实和细节。（2）既理解具体的事实，也理解抽象的概念。（3）既理解字面意思，也理解深层含义，包括作者的态度、意图等。（4）既理解某句、某段的意义也理解全篇的逻辑关系，并据此进行推理和判断。（5）能根据材料所提供的信息，结合中学生应有的常识正确判断生词的含义。3、基本能力（1）能迅速看准每句的结构，抓住主句的主语、谓语、宾语。（2）有一定的词汇量和辨词能力。（3）能灵活运用所学语法知识，根据句中的某个词迅速断定真假、语态和时态等。（4）对英美文化背景知识有一定了解。（5）有良好的思维能力，能边看边加工所得到的信息，从而作出正确分析、判断和综合。（6）有平时大量阅读作基础，有一定的语感和相当的阅读速度。二、应试技巧点拨1、四个步骤（1）速读短文，了解短文的主旨大意，辨别文体，掌握结构。（2）看题。了解考查内容，带着问题读材料，寻找答案。（3）复读。对所选答案有针对性地寻找支撑论点的关键信息。（4）核查。注意各题的答案应逻辑一致，不能自相矛盾。尽可能找到（从文中）根据，确保正确无误。2、四个善于（1）关于审题，找出文中依据。（2）善于寻找线索。（3）善于抓主题句，解决概括题。（4）善于筛选、比较、衡量、综合文章的有用信息。3、三个避免（1）只见树木不见林。（2）难题耗时太多。（3）阅读方式不当。%三、精典范例 例1 （NMET 2001）Shanghai: Car rentals（出租）are becoming more and more popular as an inexpensive way of taking to the roads. Business people, foreigners and families alike are making good use of the growing industry.The first car rental firm opened in Shanghai in 1992 and now 12 car rental players are in the game, with more than 11,500 cars in their books.The largest playerShanghai Bashi Tourism Car Rental Center offers a wide variety of choicesdeluxe sedans, minivans, station wagons, coaches. Santana sedans are big favorite.Firms can attract enough customers for 70 percent of their cars every month. This figure shoots up during holiday seasons like National Day, Labor Day and New Years Day, with some recording 100 percent rental.The major market force rests in the growing population of white-collar employees（白领雇员），who can afford the new service, said Zhuang Yu, marketing manager of Shanghai Angel car Rental Co.( )1. The words “deluxe sedans”,“minivans”and “station wagons”used in the text refer to _.A.cars in the making B.car rental firmsC.cars for rent D.car makers( )2. Which of the following statements is true according to the text?A. 70% of the cars can be rented out on holiday.B. 70% of the customers are while-collar employees.C. More firms are open for service during holiday seasons.D. Some firms rent out all their cars during holiday seasons.( )3. Shanghais car rental industry is growing so fast mainly due to _. A. better cars supplied by producers.B. fast service offered by car rental firms.C. the increasing number of white-collar emplioyees.D. peoples growing interest in travelling during holidays.解析：1.C。上文提到：“Shanghai Bashi旅游车租赁中心”提供了广泛丰富的选择，可判断选择的内容为可供租赁的车型。故选C。2.D。文中提到的数据70%为“每月汽车租出量”，故A、B都不正确。“This figure shoots up during holiday seasons , with some recording 100 percent rental”判断出D项陈述正确的，即“