实验02 认识遥感数据.doc

实验02认识遥感数据2.1数据的获取 Landsat-7 ETM+数据可以通过Landsat官方网站直接下载。网址：（1）点击免费数据。（2）点击Path-Row Finder查询贵阳市所在影像轨道号和行号。查询结果：127042（轨道号127，行号042）（3）寻找到对应的影像文件，下载，解压缩后得到如下一组文件： 其中，p127r042_7t20011123.met是数据头文件，里面包含了数据获取时的相关信息，其他文件为ETM+ 7个多光谱波段以及全色PAN波段的文件，文件格式为GeoTIFF，其中6波段包括两个文件。2.2识别影像头文件信息。ETM+数据头文件可用写字板打开。如下所示：GROUP = METADATA_FILEPRODUCT_CREATION_TIME = 2003-09-17T03:42:52Z 影像产品生成时间PRODUCT_FILE_SIZE = 653.9 影像产品大小为653.9MSTATION_ID = EDCGROUND_STATION = SGSGROUP = ORTHO_PRODUCT_METADATA 影像产品元数据SPACECRAFT_ID = Landsat7 卫星SENSOR_ID = ETM+ 传感器ACQUISITION_DATE = 2001-11-23 影像获取时间WRS_PATH = 127 轨道号WRS_ROW = 042 行号SCENE_CENTER_LAT = +25.9900393 扫描中心纬度SCENE_CENTER_LON = +106.5072817 扫描中心经度SCENE_UL_CORNER_LAT = +26.9320724 左上角纬度SCENE_UL_CORNER_LON = +105.7986874 SCENE_UR_CORNER_LAT = +26.6667851 右上角纬度SCENE_UR_CORNER_LON = +107.6173262SCENE_LL_CORNER_LAT = +25.3045016 左下角纬度SCENE_LL_CORNER_LON = +105.4097302SCENE_LR_CORNER_LAT = +25.0447063 右下角纬度SCENE_LR_CORNER_LON = +107.2048582SCENE_UL_CORNER_MAPX = 579291.000 左上角X坐标SCENE_UL_CORNER_MAPY = 2979162.000SCENE_UR_CORNER_MAPX = 760494.000 SCENE_UR_CORNER_MAPY = 2952201.000SCENE_LL_CORNER_MAPX = 541243.500SCENE_LL_CORNER_MAPY = 2798728.500SCENE_LR_CORNER_MAPX = 722446.500SCENE_LR_CORNER_MAPY = 2771710.500BAND1_FILE_NAME = p127r042_7t20011123_z48_nn10.tif 波段1名称BAND2_FILE_NAME = p127r042_7t20011123_z48_nn20.tifBAND3_FILE_NAME = p127r042_7t20011123_z48_nn30.tifBAND4_FILE_NAME = p127r042_7t20011123_z48_nn40.tifBAND5_FILE_NAME = p127r042_7t20011123_z48_nn50.tifBAND61_FILE_NAME = p127r042_7k20011123_z48_nn61.tifBAND62_FILE_NAME = p127r042_7k20011123_z48_nn62.tifBAND7_FILE_NAME = p127r042_7t20011123_z48_nn70.tifBAND8_FILE_NAME = p127r042_7p20011123_z48_nn80.tifGROUP = PROJECTION_PARAMETERS 发射参数REFERENCE_DATUM = WGS84 REFERENCE_ELLIPSOID = WGS84 参考椭球体GRID_CELL_ORIGIN = Center 坐标原点UL_GRID_LINE_NUMBER = 1 栅格行UL_GRID_SAMPLE_NUMBER = 1 栅格列GRID_INCREMENT_UNIT = Meters 单位GRID_CELL_SIZE_PAN = 14.250 全色波段分辨率GRID_CELL_SIZE_THM = 57.000 热红外波段分辨率GRID_CELL_SIZE_REF = 28.500 多光谱波段分辨率FALSE_NORTHING = 0 ORIENTATION = NUPRESAMPLING_OPTION = NNMAP_PROJECTION = UTM 地图投影END_GROUP = PROJECTION_PARAMETERS GROUP = UTM_PARAMETERS UTM投影参数ZONE_NUMBER = +48 分带号END_GROUP = UTM_PARAMETERS SUN_AZIMUTH = 152.6936329 太阳方位角SUN_ELEVATION = 38.8194681 太阳高度角QA_PERCENT_MISSING_DATA = 16 无信息象元所占百分比CLOUD_COVER = 70 云量PRODUCT_SAMPLES_PAN = 17054 全色波段列数PRODUCT_LINES_PAN = 15304 全色波段行数PRODUCT_SAMPLES_REF = 8527 多光谱波段列数PRODUCT_LINES_REF = 7652PRODUCT_SAMPLES_THM = 4264 热红外波段列数PRODUCT_LINES_THM = 3826OUTPUT_FORMAT = GEOTIFF 输出格式END_GROUP = ORTHO_PRODUCT_METADATAGROUP = L1G_PRODUCT_METADATA L1G级产品元数据BAND_COMBINATION = 123456678CPF_FILE_NAME = L7CPF20011001_20011231_04定标参数文件（Calibration Parameter File）GROUP = MIN_MAX_RADIANCE 各波段辐射最大值最小值LMAX_BAND1 = 191.600 LMIN_BAND1 = -6.200 LMAX_BAND2 = 196.500 LMIN_BAND2 = -6.400 LMAX_BAND3 = 152.900 LMIN_BAND3 = -5.000 LMAX_BAND4 = 157.400 LMIN_BAND4 = -5.100 LMAX_BAND5 = 31.060 LMIN_BAND5 = -1.000 LMAX_BAND61 = 17.040 LMIN_BAND61 = 0.000 LMAX_BAND62 = 12.650 LMIN_BAND62 = 3.200 LMAX_BAND7 = 10.800 LMIN_BAND7 = -0.350 LMAX_BAND8 = 243.100 LMIN_BAND8 = -4.700 END_GROUP = MIN_MAX_RADIANCE GROUP = MIN_MAX_PIXEL_VALUE 各波段象元最大值最小值QCALMAX_BAND1 = 255.0 QCALMIN_BAND1 = 1.0 QCALMAX_BAND2 = 255.0 QCALMIN_BAND2 = 1.0 QCALMAX_BAND3 = 255.0 QCALMIN_BAND3 = 1.0 QCALMAX_BAND4 = 255.0 QCALMIN_BAND4 = 1.0 QCALMAX_BAND5 = 255.0 QCALMIN_BAND5 = 1.0 QCALMAX_BAND61 = 255.0 QCALMIN_BAND61 = 1.0 QCALMAX_BAND62 = 255.0 QCALMIN_BAND62 = 1.0 QCALMAX_BAND7 = 255.0 QCALMIN_BAND7 = 1.0 QCALMAX_BAND8 = 255.0 QCALMIN_BAND8 = 1.0 END_GROUP = MIN_MAX_PIXEL_VALUE GROUP = PRODUCT_PARAMETERS 产品参数CORRECTION_METHOD_GAIN_BAND1 = CPFCORRECTION_METHOD_GAIN_BAND2 = CPFCORRECTION_METHOD_GAIN_BAND3 = CPFCORRECTION_METHOD_GAIN_BAND4 = CPFCORRECTION_METHOD_GAIN_BAND5 = CPFCORRECTION_METHOD_GAIN_BAND61 = CPFCORRECTION_METHOD_GAIN_BAND62 = CPFCORRECTION_METHOD_GAIN_BAND7 = CPFCORRECTION_METHOD_GAIN_BAND8 = CPFCORRECTION_METHOD_BIAS = ICBAND1_GAIN = HBAND2_GAIN = HBAND3_GAIN = HBAND4_GAIN = HBAND5_GAIN = HBAND6_GAIN1 = LBAND6_GAIN2 = HBAND7_GAIN = HBAND8_GAIN = LBAND1_GAIN_CHANGE = 0BAND2_GAIN_CHANGE = 0BAND3_GAIN_CHANGE = 0BAND4_GAIN_CHANGE = 0BAND5_GAIN_CHANGE = 0BAND6_GAIN_CHANGE1 = 0BAND6_GAIN_CHANGE2 = 0BAND7_GAIN_CHANGE = 0BAND8_GAIN_CHANGE = 0BAND1_SL_GAIN_CHANGE = 0BAND2_SL_GAIN_CHANGE = 0BAND3_SL_GAIN_CHANGE = 0BAND4_SL_GAIN_CHANGE = 0BAND5_SL_GAIN_CHANGE = 0BAND6_SL_GAIN_CHANGE1 = 0BAND6_SL_GAIN_CHANGE2 = 0BAND7_SL_GAIN_CHANGE = 0BAND8_SL_GAIN_CHANGE = 0END_GROUP = PRODUCT_PARAMETERS GROUP = CORRECTIONS_APPLIED STRIPING_BAND1 = NONESTRIPING_BAND2 = NONESTRIPING_BAND3 = NONESTRIPING_BAND4 = NONESTRIPING_BAND5 = NONESTRIPING_BAND61 = NONESTRIPING_BAND62 = NONESTRIPING_BAND7 = NONESTRIPING_BAND8 = NONEBANDING = NCOHERENT_NOISE = NMEMORY_EFFECT = NSCAN_CORRELATED_SHIFT = NINOPERABLE_DETECTORS = NDROPPED_LINES = YEND_GROUP = CORRECTIONS_APPLIED END_GROUP = L1G_PRODUCT_METADATA END_GROUP = METADATA_FILEEND2.3 将各波段文件转为ERDAS专用文件格式IMG在ERDAS图标面板工具条单击Import/Export命令，打开Import/Export对话框。选中输入数据（Import）。在文件类型（Type）中选择GeoTIFF。在输入数据媒体（Media）中选择File。确认输入文件路径和文件名（Input File）：p127r042_7t20011123_z48_nn10.tif。确认输入文件路径和文件名（Output File）：p127r042_7t20011123_z48_nn10.img。单击OK按钮，弹出Import TIFF对话框。单击OK按钮，弹出Import TIFF Data对话框。格式转换完成后，单击OK确定。重复上述过程，将7个波段以及PAN波段数据全部转换为IMG格式文件。 IMG格式文件支持单波段和多波段遥感影像数据的存储。转换后的*.img格式文件包含图像对比度、色彩值、描述表、影像金字塔结构信息及文件属性信息。针对同一个影像，*.img格式使得诸如*.rrd、*.hdr等文件成为一个整体。2.4 组合多波段数据在ERDAS图标面板工具条单击Interpreter图标|Utilities|Layer Stack命令，打开Layer Selection and Stacking对话框。输入：p