三副航海英语试题详解.doc

知识点1：航海出版物（灯标表、天文历、海员手册、大洋航路等）【典型考题】1.You may find the time of slack water after low water in a certain port from _.A. MFAG. B. Tide tables. C. Notices to mariners. D. Table of azimuth.【参考答案】B【参考译文】你可从潮汐表中查到某港在低潮后平潮时间。【解 析】slack water平潮low water低潮MFAG:Medical First Aid Guide医疗急救指南Tide tables潮汐表Notices to mariners航海通告Table of azimuth方位表【相关考题】1. You will find information about the duration of slack water in the_.A. Tidal Current Tables B. Tide TablesC. American Practical Navigator D. Sailing Directions【参考答案】A【参考译文】你能从潮流表中查到有关平潮持续时间的信息。【解 析】duration持续时间Tidal Current Tables潮流表American Practical Navigator美国实用航海，由美国数学家Bowditch撰写Sailing Directions航路指南2. The velocity of the current in large coastal harbors is_. A. predicted in Tidal Current Tables B. unpredictableC. generally constant D. generally too weak to be of concern【参考答案】A【参考译文】在潮流表中可查询沿海大港的流速预报情况。【解 析】velocity of the current流速coastal沿海的harbor港口predict预报3. _ gives daily predictions of the times and heights of high and low waters for over 230 standard and 6，000 secondary ports in the world AAdmiralty Tide Tables BAdmiralty Tidal Stream Atlases CAdmiralty Manual of Tides（NP120） DAdmiralty Tidal Handbooks（NP122 1-3）【参考答案】A【参考译文】 英版潮汐表提供全球二百三十多个主港和六千多个副港的每日高低潮时间及潮高预报。【解 析】daily 每日的high waters高潮low waters低潮standard port主港secondary port副港4. Admiralty EasyTide _ Ahas little use for ocean-going mariners。 Bpermits the mariner to select and simultaneously calculate tidal heights for multiple ports for up to seven days。 Cincludes periods of daylight and nautical twilight，moon phases and a springs and neaps indicator。 Dis supplied in the form of a single CD which contains the calculation program and the seven geographic Area Data Sets（ADS）providing global coverage。【参考答案】A【参考译文】 英版网络潮汐表在远洋航行中很少使用【解 析】EasyTide英版网络潮汐表little use很少使用 ocean-going 远洋的mariner航海者5. Data relating to the direction and velocity of rotary tidal currents can be found in the _.A. Mariners Guide B. Tidal Current TablesC. Nautical AlmanacD. Tide Tables 【参考答案】B【参考译文】潮流表可查到到有关旋转潮流方向和速度的资料。【解 析】relating to 有关rotary tidal currents旋转潮流 Mariners Guide航行者指南，Nautical Almanac航海天文历6.The datum from which the predicted heights of tides are reckoned in the tide tables is _.A. mean low waterB. the same as that used for the charts of the localityC. the highest possible levelD. given in table three of the tide tables【参考答案】B【参考译文】潮汐表中用于计算预测潮高的基准面相同于所在区域的海图基准面。【解 析】datum基准面reckon估计、估算mean low water平均低潮locality地区、地点7.The daily predictions of the times and heights of high and low water for a selection of Standard Ports are given in _ AAdmiralty Maritime Communications BAdmiralty Tide Tables Ca comprehensive guide for the yachtsman DALRS【参考答案】B【参考译文】英版潮汐表中能查到所选主港的每日高低潮潮高以及时间预报。【解 析】Admiralty Maritime Communications 英版海上通信，供游艇使用ALRS Admiralty List of Radio Signals英版无线电信号表。8.To predict the actual depth of water using the Tide Tables，the number obtained from the Tide Tables is _ Athe actual depth Badded to or subtracted from the charted depth Cmultiplied by the charted depth Ddivided by the charted depth【参考答案】B【参考译文】使用潮汐表预测实际水深时，海图水深应加上或者减去潮汐表中查得的数值。【解 析】actual depth实际水深obtained from从哪里获得added加上subtracted减去multiplied乘divided原意为被分割，此处意为除charted depth海图水深【点 评】此类考题考察英版潮汐表、潮流表的内容及使用，考生应掌握与此相关的专业术语，正确使用潮汐表查找潮高及时间信息。【典型考题】2._ gives listings of all lighthouses，lightships，lit floating marks（over 8m in height），fog signals and lights of navigational significance AOcean Passages for the World（NP136） BAdmiralty List of Radio Signals CIALA Maritime Buoyage System（NP735） DAdmiralty List of Lights and Fog Signals【参考答案】D【参考译文】英版灯标雾号表提供所有灯塔、灯船、灯浮标志（高度超过8米）、雾号和导航灯标的情况。【解 析】lighthouse灯塔lightship灯船lit floating mark灯浮标志fog signal雾号IALA Maritime Buoyage System（NP735）国际航标协会海上浮标系统Ocean Passages for the World世界大洋航路【相关考题】1. When a buoy is in position only during a certain period of the year，where may the dates when the buoy is in position be found?A. Light List B. Notice to MarinersC. On the chart D. Coast Pilot【参考答案】A【参考译文】浮标仅在一年中某段时间位于适当位置，哪里可查到浮标在适当位置的日期？灯标表。【解 析】buoy 浮标in position适当位置certain period某段时间2. Information on the operating times and characteristics of foreign radiobeacons can be found in which publication _ AList of Lights BCoast Pilot CSailing Directions DList of Radiobeacons【参考答案】A【参考译文】有关国外无线电信标工作时间和特征的信息可在哪种出版物中查到？灯标表。【解 析】operating time工作时间characteristic性质、特征Coast Pilot沿岸航海指南3.The Coast Radio Stations are found in _ AAdmiralty List of Lights and Fog Signals BAdmiralty Maritime Communications CAdmiralty List of Radio Signals DAdmiralty Digital List of Lights【参考答案】C【参考译文】沿岸无线电台可在英版无线电信号表中查到。【解 析】Coast Radio Station沿岸无线电台Admiralty Digital List of Lights英版电子版灯标表4.The international number，location and/or name，geographical co-ordinates，characteristics and intensity，elevation in metres，range in sea miles and description of structure of a light can be found in _ AOcean Passages for the World（NP136） BAdmiralty List of Radio Signals CIALA Maritime Buoyage System（NP735） DAdmiralty List of Lights and Fog Signals【参考答案】D【参考译文】英版灯标雾号表中可查到灯塔的国际编号、位置和/或名称、地理坐标、特征、强度、灯高（米）、射程（海里）以及灯标结构。【解 析】geographical co-ordinates 地理坐标elevation灯高intensity灯光强度range距离，这里指灯光射程5. The Lists of Meteorological Observation Stations can be found in _ AALRS BALL CAMC DATT【参考答案】A【参考译文】气象观察站列表可在无线电信号表中查到。【解 析】ALRS ：Admiralty List of Radio Signals英版无线电信号表，ALL：Admiralty List of Lights and Fog Signals英版灯标雾号表， AMC Admiralty Maritime Communications 英版海事通信，ATT Admiralty Tide Tables英版潮汐表。6.What is the use of the books of Admiralty List of Lights and Fog Signals? Their use is to _ AMention signal stations and ice，storm，traffic and port signals BGive the international numbers of lights CGive the correction of the lights and fog signals DGive the information on the lights and fog signals【参考答案】D【参考译文】英版灯标雾号表的用途是什么？提供灯标雾号的信息。【解 析】mention提及correction改正【点 评】此类考题考察英版灯标表的内容及使用，考生应掌握与此相关的专业术语，正确使用灯标表查找灯标编号、位置、灯质。【典型考题】3.In Admiralty Sailing Directions，STRIPES is the word used to indicate _ marking. A. horizontalB. verticalC. diagonalD. vertical or diagonal【参考答案】D【参考译文】在英版航路指南中，“STRIPES”一词用于表示垂直或斜线标志。【解 析】horizontal水平的vertical垂直的diagonal斜线的【相关考题】1.Sailing directions are kept up to date by _.A. publicationsB. notices to marinersC. supplementsD. Annual Summary of Admiralty Notices to Mariners【参考答案】C【参考译文】航路指南通过补篇保持最新。【解 析】keep up to date保持最新publications出版物Annual Summary of Admiralty Notices to Mariners英版航海通告年度摘要supplement附录、增刊，这里是补篇的意思2.While steaming slowly in the harbor，no ship is _ to exceed the speed limited.A. assumedB. appreciatedC. promisedD. permitted【参考答案】D【参考译文】在港内缓速行驶期间，任何船舶不可超速航行。【解 析】assume假定appreciate感激promise承诺permitt允许3.Every new supplement to the Sailing Directions _ the previous one. A. enforcesB. cancelsC. correctsD. replenishes【参考答案】B【参考译文】新航路指南补篇发行，旧补篇即作废。【解 析】enforce实施replenish补充previous以前的。4. _ amplify charted detail and contain information needed for safe navigation.A. Admiralty Sailing DirectionsB. Admiralty List of LightsC. Admiralty List of SignalsD. Admiralty Notices to Mariners【参考答案】A【参考译文】英版航路指南详述海图细节情况并包含航行安全所需的信息。【解 析】amplify放大、扩大、增强，此处为详述之意detail细节5. In Admiralty Sailing Directions, bands are the word used to indicate _ marking.A. horizontalB. verticalC. diagonalD. vertical or diagonal【参考答案】A【参考译文】在英版航路指南中，“bands”一词用于表示水平标志。【解 析】band横纹【点 评】此类考题考察英版航路指南的内容及更新，考生应掌握与此相关的专业术语，正确理解和使用英版航路指南，保证船舶安全航行。【典型考题】4.Of the following，_ is not likely found in The Mariners Handbook（NP100） Anavigational hazards and buoyage，meteorological data，details of pilotage，regulations，port facilities and guides to major port entry Binformation on charts Cinformation on operational information and regulation Dinformation on tides，currents and characteristics of the sea【参考答案】A【参考译文】海员手册中无法找到航行危险物和浮标，气象数据，引航详细情况，规则，港口设备和主要港口的进港指南。【解 析】Mariners Handbook 海员手册navigational hazard航行危险物meteorological data气象资料【相关考题】1.The information on _ is not likely found in The Mariners Handbook（NP100） AIALA Buoyage system Bhydrography，topography，navigational aids and their services Cbasic meteorology and navigation in ice and hazards and restrictions to navigation Dinformation on tides，currents and characteristics of the sea【参考答案】B 【参考译文】海员手册中无法找到水文、地形、助航标志和相关的服务信息。【解 析】hydrography水文topography地形navigational aids航标2.The Mariners Handbook _ general information affecting navigation and is complementary to the Sailing Directions.A. givingB. giveC. givesD. given【参考答案】C【参考译文】海员手册提供影响航行的综合信息，也是对航路指南的补充。【解 析】affect影响complementary补充的【点 评】此类考题考察海员手册的内容，考生应掌握与此相关的专业术语，正确理解海员手册，保证船舶安全航行。【典型考题】5. _ gives a description of the combined Cardinal and Lateral Buoyage system including textual and diagrammatic explanations of the five types of marks;lateral；isolated danger；safe water and special marks AOcean Passages for the World（NP136） BSymbols and Abbreviations used on Admiralty Charts，Chart 5011 CIALA Maritime Buoyage System（NP735） DThe Mariners Handbook（NP100）【参考答案】C【参考译文】国际航标协会海上浮标系统（NP735）描述方位标志和侧面标志相结合的浮标系统，包括侧面标志、方位标志、孤立危险物标志、安全水域和专用标志这五类标志的文字和图象说明。【解 析】diagrammatic图象的、图表的textual 文字的cardinal方位的combined结合的lateral侧面的isolated孤立的special特殊的、专用的【相关考题】1. _ is a comprehensive reference in graphical and textual form of all Admiralty Charts and Publications worldwide（link to Admiralty Charts）listed by region AOcean Passages for the World（NP136） BSymbols and Abbreviations used on Admiralty Charts，Chart 5011 CIALA Maritime Buoyage System（NP735） DCatalogue of Admiralty Charts and Publications（NP131）【参考答案】D【参考译文】英版海图图书总目录是一本用图表和文字表述按区域划分的全球英版海图和图书出版物（与英版海图相关）的综合性参考资料。【解 析】comprehensive综合性的reference 参考region区域2. Important changes to charts and lights（including temporary ones），radio signals and sailing directions are listed in _ AWeekly Admiralty Notices to Mariners BThe Mariners Handbook（NP100） COcean Passages for the World（NP136） DSymbols and Abbreviations used on Admiralty Charts，Chart 5011【参考答案】A【参考译文】有关海图、灯标（包括临时性的）、无线电信号和航路指南的重要改变都能在周版航海通告上查得。【解 析】Ocean Passages for the World（NP136）（世界大洋航路），Symbols标识的意思，Abbreviation是缩写的意思。3. The information on ocean voyage planning with routeing details for powered and sailing vessels is likely found in _ AOcean Passages for the World（NP136） BSymbols and Abbreviations used on Admiralty Charts，Chart 5011 CWeekly Admiralty Notices to Mariners DThe Mariners Handbook（NP100）【参考答案】A【参考译文】世界大洋航路中能查到有关机动船和帆船的远洋航线设计详细信息。【解 析】voyage planning航线设计sailing vessels帆船routeing details航线详情4.A line of position from a celestial observation is a segment of a _.A. circle of equal altitude B. parallel of declinationC. parallel of altitude D. vertical circle【参考答案】A【参考译文】天体观测得到的位置线是等高度圈的一部分。【解 析】celestial observation天体观测 segment部分5. During daylight savings time the meridian used for determining the time is locatedfarther _.A. west in west longitude and east in east longitudeB. east in west longitude and west in east longitudeC. westD. east【参考答案】D【参考译文】在实现夏令时期间，用于确定时间的子午线位于更向东一些。【解 析】daylight savings time夏令时.6. A celestial bodys complete orbit around another body is _.A. a rotation B. a revolution C. space motion D. nutation【参考答案】B【参考译文】一个天体围绕另一个天体的完整的轨道是公转。【解 析】rotation旋转 revolution公转 nutation章动。7. In the horizon system of coordinates what is equivalent to latitude on the earth? _.A. Altitude B. Zenith C. Declination D. Zenith distance【参考答案】A【参考译文】在地平坐标系中与地球上的纬度相对应的是什么？高度【解 析】the horizon system of coordinates地平坐标系 Altitude高度 Zenith天顶 Declination赤纬 Zenith distance顶距8. In the horizon system of coordinates what is equivalent to the equator on the earth? _.A. Prime vertical circle B. Principal vertical circle C. Parallels of altitude D. Horizon【参考答案】D【参考译文】在地平坐标系中与地球上的赤道意义相同的是真地平圈。【解 析】principal vertical circle测者垂直圈 parallels of altitude高度平行圈 horizon真地平圈【点 评】此类考题考察各类航海出版物的内容，如天文历，海图总目录等。考生应掌握与此相关的专业术语。 知识点2：海图及海图作业【典型考题】1.A mercator chart is a_A. cylindrical projection B. simple conic projectionC. polyconic projection D. rectangular projection【参考答案】A【参考译文】墨卡托海图是正圆柱投影图。【解 析】cylindrica projection正圆柱投影 simple conic projection单圆锥投影polyconic projection多圆锥投影rectangular projection矩形投影【相关考题】1.Why does distance always have to be measured from the nearest scale on a Mercator chart?A. Because it is the most efficient way B. Because it varies with the change of latitudeC. Because it varies with the change of longitude D. Because it is the most straight line【参考答案】B【参考译文】为什么在墨卡托海图上测量距离要在最近纬度尺处量取？因为它是随着纬度的变化而变化的。【解 析】efficient有效的latitude纬度longitude经度straight直线2A polyconic projection is based on a _.A. plane tangent at one pointB. cylinder tangent at one parallelC. cone tangent at one parallelD. series of cones tangent at selected parallels【参考答案】D【参考译文】多圆锥投影基于一系列的圆锥相切于所选纬圈。【解 析】cone圆锥parallel纬圈plane平面cylinder圆柱3All straight lines represent great circle tracks on a chart based on a（n）_ AMercator projection BPolyconic projection COrthographic projection DGnomonic projection【参考答案】D【参考译文】在心射投影海图中，所有的直线表示大圆航线。【解 析】Orthographic projection正交投影Gnomonic projection心射投影great circle大圆4.In very high latitudes, the most practical chart projection is the_.A. Mercator B. gnomonicC. azimuthal D. Lambert conformal【参考答案】D【参考译文】在高纬度，最可行的投影方式是兰伯特投影。【解 析】Mercator projection墨卡托投影gnomonic心射投影azimuthal方位投影Lambert conformal projection兰伯特等角投影5.The only cylindrical chart projection widely used for navigation is the _ ALambert conformal BMercator CAzimuthal DGnomonic【参考答案】B【参考译文】广泛用于航海的唯一一种圆柱形投影海图是墨卡托海图。【解 析】cylindrical圆柱的6Which statement about a gnomonic chart is correct _ AA rhumb line appears as a straight line BDistance is measured at the midlatitude of the track line CMeridians appear as curved lines converging toward the nearer pole DParallels，except the equator，appear as curved lines【参考答案】D【参考译文】下列那个关于心射投影的说法是正确的？除赤道外，纬线显示为曲线。【解 析】rhumb line恒向线appear显现Meridians子午线converging会聚7.Which one of the following is incorrect about Mercator projection?A.It projects a sphere onto a cylinder.B.Because the resulting distance between latitudes are constantly increasing, it is also called progressive projectionC.It can always give true distancesD.It advantage is that longitudes and latitudes are at right angles, which makes it easy to read true bearings【参考答案】C【参考译文】关于莫卡托投影下面哪项不正确？它总是能提供实际距离【解 析】project onto把投影到【点 评】此类考题考察海图的几种主要投影方法，考生应掌握与此相关的专业术语。 【典型考题】2A chart with a scale of 1:80，000 would fall into the category of a _ Asailing chart Bgeneral chart Ccoastal chart Dharbor chart【参考答案】C【参考译文】比例尺为1：80000的海图属于沿岸航行图。【解 析】sailing chart航行图general chart总图coastal chart沿岸航行图harbor chart港泊图【相关考题】1The changes in the channels sands and buoys on this coast are _ this chart can not be considered as a safe guide of the channelA. frequent B. so frequentC. frequent that D. so frequent that【参考答案】D【参考译文】本航道的沙滩和浮标变化太频繁以至于该海图不能作为安全航行指导的依据。【解 析】frequent 频繁的sothat那么以至于consider认为2Owing to old data of the survey the positions and number of the beacons shown on this chart are not to be _.A. considered B. insuredC. relied upon D. suspected【参考答案】C【参考译文】由于该海图上所显示标志的位置和数量基于老的测量数据，因而不应该信赖。【解 析】owing to由于survey测量beacon标志，这里指灯标、立标、无线电指向标等导航标志3A pilot chart does NOT contain information about _.A. average wind conditionsB. tidal currentsC. magnetic variationD. average limits of field ice【参考答案】B【参考译文】导航图不包含有关潮流方面的信息。【解 析】magnetic variation磁差。4_ chart 3994，positions read from this chart should be shifted 0.03 minutes Northward ATo consider BTo check CTo DTo agree with【参考答案】D【参考译文】为与3994号海图一致，本海图读取的位置应向北移动0.03分。【解 析】shift移动minute分Northward 向北5Place names used on board ships should be those _.A. specified by international authoritiesB. specified by national authoritiesC. on standard mapD. on the chart or Sailing Directions in use【参考答案】D【参考译文】船上使用的地名应该是那些在使用的海图或航路指南上的地名。【解 析】on board ship 在船上in use 使用中的authorities 主管机关standard map标准图6.Distance along a track line is measured on a Mercator chart by using the _ Alatitude scale near the middle of the track line Blongitude scale near the middle of the track line Clatitude scale at the midlatitude of the chart Dlatitude or longitude scale at the middle of the scale【参考答案】A【参考译文】墨卡托海图上航程应在航迹线中分纬度附近量取。【解 析】track line航迹线middle中部、中间7.On this chart only the principle _ to navigation are shown Aequipments Btools Capparatus Daids【参考答案】D【参考译文】本海图仅显示主要的助航标志。【解 析】principle主要的，equipment设备，tools工具，a