元素周期表详表.doc

元素周期表详表序号符号中文读音原子量外层电子常见化合价分类英文名英文名音标其它1H氢轻11s11 (-1)主/非/其Hydrogenhaidrdn最轻2He氦害41s2主/非/稀Heliumhi:lim最难液化3Li锂里72s11主/碱Lithiumliim活泼4Be铍皮92s22主/碱土Berylliumberilim5B硼朋10.82s2 2p1主/类Boronb:rn6C碳探122s2 2p22、4主/非/其Carbonk:bn沸点最高7N氮蛋142s2 2p3(-3 2 3 4 5)主/非/其Nitrogennaitrdn8O氧养162s2 2p4-2(2)主/非/其Oxygenksidn地壳中最多9F氟福192s2 2p5-1主/非/卤Fluorinefluri:n最活泼非金，不能被氧化10Ne氖乃202s2 2p6主/非/稀Neonni:n11Na钠那233s11主/碱Sodiumsudim活泼12Mg镁每243s22主/碱土Magnesiummæni:zim13Al铝吕273s2 3p13主/金/其Aluminum,æljuminjm14Si硅归283s2 3p24主/类Siliconsilikn15P磷林313s2 3p3(-3 3 5)主/非/其Phosphorusfsfrs16s硫留323s2 3p4(-2 4 6)主/非/其Sulfurslf17Cl氯绿35.53s2 3p5(-1 1 5 7)主/非/卤Chlorinekl:ri:n有毒 活泼18Ar氩亚403s2 3p6主/非/稀Argon:n19K钾假394s11主/碱Potassiumptæsjm活泼20Ca钙盖404s22主/碱土Calciumkælsim21Sc钪抗453d1 4s2副/金/过Scandiumskændim22Ti钛太483d2 4s2副/金/过Titaniumtaiteinim23V钒凡513d3 4s2副/金/过Vanadiumvneidim24Cr铬个523d5 4s1副/金/过Chromiumkrumjm25Mn锰猛553d5 4s22 4 6 7副/金/过Manganesemæ,ni:s26Fe铁铁563d6 4s22 3副/金/过Ironferm27Co钴古593d7 4s2副/金/过Cobaltkub:lt28Ni镍臬593d8 4s2副/金/过Nickelnikl29Cu铜同63.53d10 4s11 2副/金/过Copperkp30Zn锌辛65.53d10 4s22副/金/过Zinzik31Ga镓家69.74s2 4p1主/金/其Galliumælim32Ge锗者72.64s2 4p2主/类Germaniumd:meinim33As砷申754s2 4p3主/类Arsenic:snik34Se硒西794s2 4p4主/非/其Seleniumsili:nim35Br溴秀794s2 4p5(-1)主/非/卤Brominebrumi:n活泼36Kr氪克83.84s2 4p6主/非/稀Kryptonkriptn37Rb铷如85.55s1主/碱Rubidiumru:bidim活泼38Sr锶思87.55s2主/碱土Strontiumstrntim39Y钇乙894d1 5s2副/金/过Yttriumitrim40Zr锆告914d2 5s2副/金/过Zirconiumz:kunim41Nb铌尼934d4 5s1副/金/过Niobiumnaiubim42Mo钼目964d5 5s1副/金/过Molybdenummlibdinm43Tc锝得984d5 5s2副/金/过Technetiumtekni:im放射44Ru钌lio1014d7 5s1副/金/过Rutheniumru:i:nim45Rh铑老1034d8 5s1副/金/过Rhodiumrudim46Pd钯巴106.54d10副/金/过Palladiumpleidim47Ag银吟1084d10 5s11副/金/过Silversilv48Cd镉隔112.54d10 5s2副/金/过Cadmiumkædmim49In铟因1155s2 5p1主/金/其Indiumindim50Sn锡西118.55s2 5p2主/金/其Tintin51Sb锑梯1225s2 5p3主/类Antimonyæntimni52Te碲帝127.55s2 5p4主/类Telluriumteljurim53I碘典1275s2 5p5-1主/非/卤Iodineaiudi:n活泼54Xe氙仙131.35s2 5p6主/非/稀Xenonzenn55Cs铯色1336s1主/碱Cesiumsi:zim活泼56Ba钡贝137.36s22主/碱土Bariumbrim57La镧兰1395d1 6s2副/金/镧Lanthanumlænnm58Ce铈市1404f1 5d1 6s2副/金/镧Ceriumsirim59Pr镨普1414f3 6s2副/金/镧Praseodymium,preiziudimim60Nd钕女1444f4 6s2副/金/镧Neodymium,ni:udimim61Pm钷颇1454f5 6s2副/金/镧Promethiumprumi:im放射62Sm钐衫150.54f6 6s2副/金/镧Samariumsmrim63Eu铕有1524f7 6s2副/金/镧Europiumjurupim64Gd钆轧1574f7 5d1 6s2副/金/镧Gadoliniumædlinim65Tb铽忒1594f9 6s2副/金/镧Terbiumt:bim66Dy镝滴162.54f10 6s2副/金/镧Dysprosiumdisprusim67Ho钬火1654f11 6s2副/金/镧Holmiumhulmim68Er铒耳1674f12 6s2副/金/镧Erbium:bim69Tm铥丢1694f13 6s2副/金/镧Thuliumju:lim70Yb镱意1734f14 6s2副/金/镧Ytterbiumit:bim71Lu镥鲁1754f14 5d1 6s2副/金/镧Lutetiumlju:ti:im72Hf铪哈178.55d2 6s2副/金/过Hafniumhæfnim73Ta钽坦1815d3 6s2副/金/过Tantalumtæntlm74W钨乌1845d4 6s2副/金/过Tungstentstn75Re铼来1865d5 6s2副/金/过Rheniumri:nim76Os锇鹅1905d6 6s2副/金/过Osmiumzmim77Ir铱衣1925d7 6s2副/金/过Iridiumairidim78Pt铂伯1955d9 6s1副/金/过Platinumplætinm79Au金今1975d10 6s13副/金/过Golduld80Hg汞拱200.65d10 6s2副/金/过Mercurym:kjuri81Tl铊他204.56s2 6p1主/金/其Thalliumælim82Pb铅千2076s2 6p22,4主/金/其Leadli:d83Bi铋必2096s2 6p3主/金/其Bismuthbizm84Po钋泼2096s2 6p4主/类Poloniumplunim85At砹艾2106s2 6p5主/非/卤Astatineæstti:n活泼86Rn氡冬2226s2 6p6主/非/稀Radonreidn87Fr钫方2237s1主/碱Franciumfrænsim放射 活泼88Ra镭雷2267s2主/碱土Radiumreidim89Ac锕阿2276d1 7s2副/金/锕Actiniumæktinim90Th钍土2326d2 7s2副/金/锕Thorium:rim91Pa镤仆2315f2 6d1 7s2副金锕Protactinium,prutæktinim92U铀由2385f3 6d1 7s2副/金/锕Uraniumjureinim93Np镎拿2375f4 6d1 7s2副/金/锕Neptuniumneptju:nim94Pu钚不2445f6 7s2副/金/锕Plutoniumplu:tunim放射95Am镅眉2435f7 7s2副/金/锕Americium,æmrisim人造 放射96Cm锔局2475f7 6d1 7s2副/金/锕Curiumkjurim人造 放射97Bk锫陪2475f9 7s2副/金/锕Berkeliumb:klim人造 放射98Cf锎开2515f10 7s2副/金/锕Californium,kælif:nim人造 放射，最贵金属99Es锿哀2525f11 7s2副/金/锕Einsteiniumainstainim人造 放射100Fm镄费2575s12 7s2副/金/锕Fermiumf:mim人造 放射101Md钔门2585f13 7s2副/金/锕Mendelevium,mendli:vim人造 放射102No锘诺2595f14 7s2副/金/锕Nobeliumnubi:lim人造 放射103Lw铹劳2625f14 6d1 7s2副/金/锕Lawrenciuml:rensim人造 放射104Rf鐪卢2616d2 7s2副/金/过Rutherfordium,rðf:dim人造 放射105Db钅杜杜2706d3 7s2副/金/过Dubniumdu:bnim人造 放射106Sg钅喜喜2736d4 7s2副/金/过Seaborgiumsi