仿生合成论文：有机基质调控合成羟基锡酸锌及阻燃PVC研究.doc

仿生合成论文：有机基质调控合成羟基锡酸锌及阻燃PVC研究【中文摘要】羟基锡酸锌是一种新型无机阻燃抑烟剂,具有无毒、无害的优点。无机阻燃剂与高分子聚合物基体间的相容性较差不仅影响材料的力学性能,而且影响到阻燃剂的阻燃效率。本论文通过仿生法合成得到特定形貌与结构的羟基锡酸锌有望使阻燃剂与基体的相容性大大改善,从而明显提高羟基锡酸锌的阻燃效率。第一部分中,我们采用均相沉淀法合成了普通羟基锡酸锌,然后选择了不同的有机模板如PEG400, PVA等合成出不同形貌的羟基锡酸锌,推测其原因可能是有机介质与晶体特定晶面相结合,对晶体的生长具有控制作用。通过对羟基锡酸锌晶体的热分析得出：不规则多面体立方体八面体的热稳定性的结论。第二部分中,我们首先探索了共沉淀法中采用羟基锡酸钠同硫酸锌为原料合成羟基锡酸锌的最佳实验条件：温度：25,反应时间：4h,终点PH值：9.4,原料摩尔比：1:1。然后在最佳的反应条件下在反应体系中加入了有机模板：PEG400,乙二醇,环糊精,葡萄糖等合成出羟基锡酸锌,通过对产品的表征发现,添加乙二醇和葡萄糖合成出产品具有较大的比表面积,且其热力学性能不同,合成产品中含有微量的有机物。第三部分,我们选取了几种仿生合成羟基锡酸锌应用在PVC中,通过对阻燃PVC的测试发现添加PEG400,乙二醇合成的羟基锡酸锌能够提高PVC的阻燃效率,起到增强增韧的作用。【英文摘要】Zinc hydroxystannate ZnSn(OH)6 is well-documented as nontoxic flame-retardant and smoke suppressant additives. But the poor compatibility between inorganic flame retardants and polymer matrix can not only deteriorate the mechanical properties of materials, but aslo reduce the flame retarded effect. The inorganic flame retardants with unique morphology and structure were synthesized via biomimetic synthesis and they are expected to achieve better compatibility between the flame retardants and matrix, as well as improve the flame retarded efficiency.In part I, firstly Zinc hydroxystannate was prepared by using zinc oxide and sodium hydroxystannate, then zinc hydroxystannate with different morphology was synthesized by using different organic templates including PEG400, PVA, cyclodextrins, L-alanine, L glutamate and SDBS. The formation of zinc hydroxystannate is related to the interaction between organic compound and particular faces on the crystals. The TGA test results showed that the sequence of thermal stability is as following:irregular polyhedron cube octahedron.In the second section, firstly the optimum conditions were determined to synthesize zinc hydroxystannate:temperature:25, reaction time:4h, terminal PH:9.4, raw materials mole ratio,1:1. Then the organic templates including PEG400, cyclodextrins, etc were added in the reaction system. The results showed that the zinc hydroxystannate synthesized by glycol and glucose has the most specific area.The third part, several Zinc hydroxystannates were applied in PVC and the flame retarded properties were investigated. The results showed that the Zinc hydroxystannates modified with PEG400 and glycol gave the best flame retarded efficiency. They can not only reduce the flammability of PVC, but also improve the mechanical strength of the materials.【关键词】仿生合成 羟基锡酸锌 PVC SEM 形貌 阻燃 力学性能【英文关键词】Biomimetic synthesis Zinc Hydroxystannate PVC SEM Morphology flame retardant tensile strength【目录】有机基质调控合成羟基锡酸锌及阻燃PVC研究摘要5-6Abstract6第1章 绪论9-161.1 引言91.2 羟基锡酸锌9-121.2.1 羟基锡酸锌的阻燃研究9-101.2.2 羟基锡酸锌的制备10-121.2.3 目前存在问题121.3 仿生合成12-141.3.1 仿生合成的研究现状13-141.4 本文研究目的及意义14-16第2章 均相沉淀反应体系中仿生合成羟基锡酸锌16-242.1 引言162.2 实验部分16-172.2.1 原料16-172.2.2 制备172.2.3 分析仪器及测试条件172.3 结果与讨论17-232.3.1 XRD17-182.3.2 SEM18-222.3.3 TG/DSC22-232.4 结论23-24第3章 共沉淀体系中仿生合成羟基锡酸锌24-343.1 引言243.2 实验部分24-253.2.1 原料243.2.2 制备24-253.2.3 分析仪器及条件253.3 结果与讨论25-323.3.1 实验条件选择25-273.3.2 XRD27-283.3.3 BET28-293.3.4 SEM29-323.3.5 TG/DSC323.4 结论32-34第4章 仿生合成羟基锡酸锌在PVC中的阻燃研究34-4