英语句子的类型.doc

写作英语句子的类型(Types of sentences)1. Declarative(陈述句)：Makes an assertion (主张，断定) or a statement 例：Light travels faster than sound .2. Interrogative(疑问句): Ask a question3. Imperative(祈使句) : Express a command or a request4. Exclamatory(感叹句): Express a strong feeling or emotion . 例：What a strange idea it is .5. Simple (简单句):one subject and one predicate-verb(谓语动词)6. Compound(并列句)：consists of two or more independent clauses(从句) or simple sentence ,linked by a coordinating conjunction（并列连词）（and , but , or ,while , yet , for ,so ,both , in addition , furthermore ,moreover, likewise/similarly ,namely, that is to say ,or else ,otherwise .and ,etc）或者分号 . 例：Her brother is an engineer and her sister is a painter . 7. Complex(复合句)(1).名词性(nominal)从句：a.主语从句(subject clause ):一个句子在复合句中充当主语，那么这个句子就是主语从句。引导主语从句的连词有that , what , whether , who whatever 等。例：Whether she comes or not makes no difference. b.宾语从句(object clause )：We hope that we go to Huang Shan Mountain this summer. C.表语从句(predicative clause) ：The problem is what we should do first .d.同位语从句(appositive clause )：Many people have an false belief that wealth is the chief source of happiness.(2).形容词性从句: a .限制性定语从句(relative clause)：Every advance brings new problems that await solution . b.非限制定语从句：Money , as we know ,is the root of all evils . c . 副词性从句 (状语从句 adverbial clause)：1）时间状语从句:It rains each time I arrive at Shanghai . 2)地点状语从句：Where bees are , there is honey. 3) 条件状语从句：If you work hard , you will achieve your ambition . 4) 目的状语从句：She exercises daily so that she can lose weight . 5) 原因状语从句：Young as she was , she was unable to do the job well . 6) 结果状语从句：They talked loudly , so that everyone heard what was said . 7) 让步状语从句：Although I understand what you say , I can not agree with you . 8) 比较状语从句 ：The more he thanked me , the less pleased I felt . 9）方式状语从句:You have to fill in the form as you have been instructed .8. Compound-Complex(并列复合句)：一个或多个从句，两个主句9. Loose(松散句) ：主句在前，从句在后. 例:She missed the step and sprained her ankle .10. Periodic(尾重句 , 掉尾句)：从句在前，主句在后. 例：It is a pleasure to read good books . Badly frightened by the explosion , the boy rushed out of the laboratory . I could tell that he was disappointed by the tone of his voice and the look on his face .11. Balanced Sentences ( 平 衡 句 ) 例：It will not be done by the Government ; it cannot be done by Parliament . Art is long , but life is short . I came , I saw , I conquered . Man proposes , God disposes .12. 插入句型（插入语：parenthesis）(1) 副词类：Finally , the environment is clean and comfortable .(列举) Moreover , we should widen the public understanding of education . (递进)Briefly , health is more important than wealth . (结论)Really , we cannot afford to wait for them to change their minds .(强调)Naturally , the children are behaving well while you are here .(事实)Hence（因此） , parents should give children enough freedom to develop . (结果)Personally , I think people who drive should not drink .(推理)You cannot have a cake and eat it ; likewise/similarly , you cannot idle away your time and score high on the final examination .(比较)Other people , however , think differently .(对照)13. 否定句型(nothing , nothing but , not , it goes without saying that , far from , unable , beyond , hardly ,little , neither nor , out of the question , have no alternative but to , without exception , by no means , in no way ) . 例: Nothing improves writing but writing . Not every dictionary is valuable . The harvests in 1848 was far from normal . I cannot agree with him more . You can hardly imagine how difficult the task is . No one is denying now that smoking is a great danger to health . 14. 倒装句（inverted）(No sooner than , Hardly when )例：Only in this way can we pass the exam .15. 对比句型: not so much A as B (与其说A 倒不如说B ) 例：It was not so much his appearance I liked as his personality . A no more than B（ A和B一样也不） A man can no more fly than a bird can speak . A no less than B (A和B一样都) no more than （仅仅，至多） not more than( 不多于，不超过) The interview lasted no more than five minutes . no less than (多达，至少，简直是) not less than （不少于，超过）more A than B(与其说B倒不如说A ) in comparison with (和.比起来) in contrast with（和 .相反，与形成对比）16. 描述句型：例：Your suitcase is almost four times as heavy as mine .17. 被动句型:（passive sentence）Good use should be made of your time .1