实时操作系统在微机保护设备中的应用.doc

The Application of RTOS in Microcomputer Protection Device实时操作系统在微机保护设备中的应用AbstractThis paper introduces an open source code embedded real-time operation system C/OS-II and then analyzes its characters and structure. On the basis of introduction of thedevelopment of microcomputer protection device, the paper proposes the project which is C/OS-II applied in microcomputer protection device, and also analyzes the development process which is real-time operation system C/OSII applied in microcomputer protection device based on the core of TMS320F2812 processor.At the last, the paper point out the superiority when using C/OS-II in microcomputer protection device. 摘要本文介绍了一个嵌入实时运算系统C/OS-II的开放代码并分析了它的结构和特性。基于微机保护设备发展的介绍，本论文提出了对C/OS-II在微机保护设备的应用，同时分析了实时运算系统C/OS-II 在以TMS320F2812处理器为源代码的发展过程。最后，本论文指出了使用C/OS-II实时运算系统微机保护设备的优势。Keywordsmicrocomputer protection device; real-time operation system; multitask 关键词微机保护设备；实时操作系统；多任务I. INTRODUCTION介绍Microcomputer protection device is the important component in the power system. It requires highreal-time, high reliability, and also can effectively take on the responsibility of power network. Microcomputer protection device mostly used 16-bit single-chip in the hardware design at present which can satisfy the regular protection performance but that is often influenced by factors such as operation speed and memory capacity, etc. It is difficult to realize the more complicated algorithm and higher speed of sampling. The programming of software adopts the linear program design mechanism which make the procedures influence each other and also influence the systematic real-time character and dependability1. In view of this, this paper has proposed a kind of scheme of applying embedded real-time operating system C/OS-II to the microcomputer protection device, adopts high-performance TMS320F2812 processor, thus that can great to improve whole real-time character, dependability, maintainability of system. This have reflected its superiority. 微机保护设备在电力系统中是十分重要的。它要求具有高时效性，高可靠性,并且能够有效的保证电力网络。现在微机保护设备多用16位单片的硬件设备，这样可以满足常规的性能保护，但是经常会受作业速率和存储元件等因素的影响，它很难实现对更复杂算法和更高速取样的作业软件程序采用线性程序设计原理，这使该程序相互影响并且影响系统的时效性和可靠性鉴于这种情况，本论文提出一种针对微机保护设备应用嵌入实时操作系统C/OS-II的计划，采用高效能TMS320F2812处理器，这样可以显著提高整个系统的时效性，可靠性和系统的维护性。这也体现了它的优越性。II THE EMBEDDED REAL-TIME OPERATION SYSTEM 嵌入式时效操作系统C/OS-IIC/OS-II C/OS-II is a multi-task real-time operation system with open source code, can transplant, can solidify and can cut down.It is a preemptive real-time kernel2. C/OS-II is the object-oriented embedded systems, can be very easy to transplant to different processors; C/OS-II adopts fixed priority method to schedule, and its every task must give different priority from others; C/OS-II can cut out the kernel, meets more actual demand; C/OS-II is always operating the highest priority task under the ready condition which has reflected its very strong real-time character; Dependability and stability of C/OS-II are tested strictly; C/OS-II is the operating system of supporting many tasks, can support 64 tasks at most, different tasks carry out different functions; C/OS-II adopts semaphore, mailbox, message queue, event flag group to communicate and synchronize; C/OS-II adopts mutual exclusion signal to protect the shared resource, prevent the competition or death lock between tasks, which can influence the security of system. .C/OS-II是一个开放源代码的，可移植的,可巩固的，可删减的多任务实时操作系统。它的核心是抢先式实时的。C/OS-II是面向嵌入式系统的，它能够很容易的移植到不同的处理器；C/OS-II采用以固定的优先模式安排，而且它对每个任务必须采用与其他不同的优先模式；C/OS-II可删去该核心，更实际；C/OS-II 总是操作在准备好的条件下优先级最高的任务这体现了它极强的时效性，可靠性以及可经受严格检测的稳定性；C/OS-II是支持多任务的操作系统，最多可支持64个任务，不同的任务实现不同的功能；C/OS-II采用信号灯，邮箱，消息队列，事件标志组来传达和同步；C/OS-II通过互斥信号来保护共享资源，防止任务的混淆或锁死，任务的混淆或锁死会影响系统的安全III. THE PROCESS OF C/OS-II APPLICATION IN MICROCOMPUTER PROTECTION DEVICE III. C/OS-II应用在微机保护设备的过程A Hardware platform3The hardware platform consists of one 32-bit DSP, one CPLD and some other peripheral components. TMS320F2812 DSP chip is a high-performance 32-bit fixed-point digital signal processor which is launched by Texas Instruments (TI). It speeds up to 150 MHZ, which can carry out double -1616 multiply and 3232 multiply operation, so it can take into account the dual function of rapid computing and control. It also has 128K16 on-chip flash and 18K16 on-chip RAM and a large number of on-chip peripherals including 12-bit A/D converter, two event managers (EVA and EVB), CAN bus controller, two serial communications interfaces (SCIA and SCIB), serial peripheral Interface (SPI), multichannel buffered serial port (McBSP), up to 56 individually programmable, multiplexed general-purpose input/output (GPIO) pins. Powerful function of TMS320F2812 can completely satisfy the demand of microcomputer protection design. The peripheral circuit includes memory expansion circuit, real-time clock circuit, watchdog circuit, analogue signals acquisition circuit, RS485 serial interface circuit, binary variables measuring circuit, Ethernet interface circuit, LCD control circuit, binary outputs control circuit, keyboard interface circuit, LED indication circuit, JTAG interface circuit, power and crystal. Block diagram of the structure is shown in Fig.1. Precision current and voltage converter completes signals converting from CT and PT of power network primary device, after that these signals are conditioned and converted to their representation (0-3V) by low-pass filtering, operational amplifying, and limited amplitude protection processing. There are altogether 14 analogue signals which will be sent to 32-bit processor TMS320