初中英语被动语态讲解及练习.ppt

被动语态 Passivevoice Renee Ran 被动语态基本用法当句子的主语是动作的执行者时 谓语的形式是主动语态 当句子的主语是动作的承受者时 谓语要用被动语态 被动语态由be 过去分词构成 时态通过be表现出来 IspeakChinese Chineseisspokenbymy 基本结构 A be 过去分词 byB am is are done was were done Shall willbe done 情态动词 be done 1 规则动词的过去分词 1 一般情况在动词原形后加 ed watch watched 2 以不发音e结尾的加 d practice practiced 3 以辅音加y结尾的 去y变i加 ed study studied 4 以重读闭音节结尾 末尾只有一个辅音字母 先双写该辅音字母 再加 ed stop stopped 2 不规则动词的过去分词 am is are been have has had do done write written go gone Heplantstreesinspring 主 执行者 谓 宾 承受者 Trees areplanted by him 改为被动语态 inspring 主动语态变被动语态口诀 宾语提前主语变 原主变宾by后见 时态人称be关键 isspokenby HespeaksEnglish English English He him 主 执行者 谓 宾 承受者 主动语态 主语 动词 宾语被动语态 主语 be 过去分词 by 宾语 主动语态变被动语态口诀 宾语提前主语变 原主变宾by后见 时态人称be关键 ManypeoplevisitSanyaeveryyear Sanyaisvisited bymanypeople everyyear Peopleeatseafood Seafoodiseatenbypeople Peopletakephotosattheseaside Photosaretakenattheseaside bypeople CaoWenxuanwritesthisbook ThisbookiswrittenbyCaoWenxuan 1 Theymakeshoesinthatfactory 主语 谓语 宾语 Shoesaremade bythem inthatfactory 主动语态 被动语态 Hisbrotherwashesbowlseveryday 主 谓 Bowls arewashed by hisbrother everyday 宾 承受者 主动语态 被动语态 主语 am are is 动词过去分词 by宾语 其他 一般现在时的被动语态 1 Heplantsflowersinspring Flowers inspring 2 Theycleantheclassroomeveryday Theclassroom by everyday 3 Motherwashesthedisheseveryday Thedishes bymothereveryday areplanted byhim iscleaned arewashed 练一练 them 主动 Childrenplanttreesinspring 被动 Treesareplantedbychildreninspring 一般疑问句 Aretreesplantedbychildreninspring 回答 Yes theyare No theyaren t 主动 Theycleantheclassroomeveryday 被动 Theclassroomiscleanedbythemeveryday 一般疑问句 Istheclassroomcleanedbythemeveryday 回答 Yes itis No itisn t 仔细观察 肯定句 Thebooksarereadbystudents 一般疑问句 Arethebooksreadbystudents 回答 Yes theyare No theyaren t Arethecomputersusedbyhim Thecomputersareusedbythem Arethecomputersusedbythem Yes theyare No theyaren t Thecarisusedbyhim 悟一悟 通过观察以上句子 你发现了什么 一般疑问句是怎样构成的 Wedrinkwatereveryday Waterisdrunkeveryday Iswaterdrunkeveryday Yes itis No itisn t 通过观察 我们发现 被动语态的一般疑问句是这样构成的 Be 主语 过去分词 by宾语 其他 练一练 1 Heoftenwritesletterstohismother Letters often tohismother 2 UncleWangrodethebikeyesterday hisbike byUncleWangeveryday lettersoften tohismother Yes heis No heisn t Yes theyare No theyaren t Thebike byUncleWangyesterday are written Are written is ridden Is ridden TheyplayfootballonSunday Lucydoesthehomeworktoday Theyoftenusecomputersinclass WemakethesemachinesinBeijing PeoplespeakEnglishasthefirstlanguageinUK FootballisplayedbythemonSunday ThehomeworkisdonebyLucytoday Computersareoftenusedbytheminclass ThesemachinesaremadeinBeijing EnglishisspokenasthefirstlanguageinUK 被动语态中的特殊情况1 不及物动词带介词和介词宾语时 在变为被动语态时 仍然要带上介词 e g Thestudentslistentotheteachercarefullyinclass 被动句 Theteacherislistenedtocarefullybythestudentsinclass e g Theylookafterthenewstudentsintheschool 被动句 Thenewstudentsarelookedafterbythemintheschool 2 当动词带有双宾语 有宾补 并且宾补是省去 to 的动词不定式时 在被动语态中应加上 to e g Theymakeusdoallthework 被动句 Wearemadetodoalltheworkbythem e g Weoftenhearhersingsongs 被动句 Sheisoftenheardtosingsongsbyus e g Isawhimwalktoschool 被动句 Hewasseentowalktoschoolbyme 这些动词真奇怪 主动句中to离开 被动句中to回来 let have make feel see watch hear notice 教某人某事teachsb sth teachsth tosb 把某物给某人givesb sth givesth tosb 告诉某人某事tellsb sth tellsth tosb 把某物递给某人passsb sth passsth tosb 把某物扔给某人throwsb sth throwsth tosb 把某物发送给某人sendsb sth sendsth tosb 把某物带给某人bringsb sth bringsth forsb 给某人买某物buysb sth buysth forsb 为某人制作某物makesb sth makesth forsb 为某人准备某物preparesb sth preparesth forsb 为某人煮某物cooksb sth cooksth forsb 3 当动词带双宾语时 一个宾语是指人 一个是指物 Mothercookedmerice 将其中指人的宾语提前作被动句的主语时 另一个宾语按顺序照抄下来 Iwascookedricebymother 如是将指物的宾语提前作被动句的主语 在被动句中则指人宾语前应加 to 或 for Ricewascookedformebymother e g Hegivesmeaflowereveryday 被动1Iamgivenaflowerbyhimeveryday 被动2Aflowerisgiventomebyhimeveryday e g Mymotherboughtmeacomputer 被动1Iwasboughtacomputerbymymother 被动2Acomputerwasboughtformebymymother 1 Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings Knives forcuttingthings 2 Thestudentscleanthewindowsoftheirclassroomtwiceamonth Thewindowsoftheirclassroom twiceamonth EXERCISES areused are cleaned 变被动语态 3 Ifoundtheticketonthefloor onthefloor 4 Itoldhertoreturnthebookintime She toreturnthebookintime Theticketwasfound wastold 5 Hisdoctormadehimhaveonlytwomealsaday He onlytwomealsaday 6 Nowpeoplecanusecomputerstohelpthem Nowcomputers tohelpthem wasmadetohave canbe used 7 Didyouplantmanytreesatthistimelastyear atthistimelasttime 8 Mustwefinishourworktoday ourwork today Weremanytreesplanted Mustbefinished 9 Theforeignfriendsgaveussomewonderfulstamps 1 somewonderfulstamps 2 Somewonderfulstamps weweregiven were giventous 10 TheteacheraskedTomtoturnonthecomputer Tom toturnonthecomputer 11 Inthisfactorywomendomostofthework Mostofthework bywomeninthisfactory wasasked isdone 12 Hecanmendthebikeintwodays Thebike intwodays 13 Youmusttakethismedicinethreetimesaday Thismedicine threetimesaday canbemended mustbe taken 14 ThestudentsinthisschoolstudyGerman German bythestudentsinthisschool 15 Dotheyoftentalkaboutthisquestion thisquestionoften about isstudied Is talked bythem 练习 将下列句子变为被动句 1 LiLeilistenstohisfathercarefully LiLei sfatherislistenedtocarefullybyLiLei 2 Themotherlookedafterthebabyintheroom Thebabywaslookedafterbythemotherintheroom 3 Wetookcareofthethings Thethingsweretakencareofbyus 练习 将下列句子变为被动句 4 Theygaveussomework Weweregivensomeworkbythem Someworkwasgiventousbythem 5 Theboymadethemlaughallthetime Theyweremadetolaughallt