新能源__英文ppt.ppt

Nuclearpowerinthenewenergy 大连理工大学2011 Theuseofnuclearenergy Nuclearsubmarine Nuclear poweredaircraftcarrier Nuclearpowerplant Hydrogenbomb Marinenuclearpower Nuclearpower Atomicbomb Nuclearweapons Nuclearenergy Changesinenergyconsumption thecoalof18thcentury 1920s 1960s Coal RenewableEnergy 20thcentury 21stcentury Naturalgas Oil SolarEnergy Coal Naturalgas Oil NewEnergy Nuclearenergy Theworld spopulationover60million Increaseofmorethan2timesthelate19thcentury Energyconsumptionincreasedby16times Energycrisis FossilenergyReservesarelimited Increasingenergyconsumption RenewableEnergy waterpower WindEnergy Tidalpower Can tmakefulluseof Scalesubjecttoenvironmental seasonalandgeographicalconstraints NowLackofdevelopmenttechnology solarenergy Nuclearenergy InfiniteEnergy Marine 核裂变Nuclearfission 核聚变NuclearFusion 铀 钍矿石 Ifalluse canbeusedfor2400 2800years 氘 来自海水 锂Deuterium fromsea lithium 40亿万吨 2千多亿吨 Ifrealizedcontrollablefusion thosecanuseofbillionsofyears Uraniumandthoriumores Gasemissionsofnuclearenergywithoutpollution Nuclearpoweris thesafest cleanestandmostcost effectivepowerresources Nuclearenergyisadouble edgedsword 辐射剂量大 陆地射线 theradiationofLife 电器辐射 建筑材料 天然辐射 医疗辐射 辐射剂量不大 核辐射 宇宙射线 花岗岩 核电站周围辐射剂量为0 01mSv 年肺部透视一次辐射剂量为0 02mSv拍一次胸片的照射剂量为0 12mSv北京与欧洲之间乘飞机往返一次的辐射剂量为0 04毫希允许标准 公众剂量不超过1mSv 年 Canada sPickeringnuclearpowerplant China sDayaBayNuclearPowerStation Shenzhen Nuclearpowerplant Japanbeautycoastnuclearplants Thepeacefuluseofnuclearenergy In1951 theUSAuseaplutoniumproductionreactorintheheattestgeneration Britain France theSovietUnionandChina followedbytheestablishmentofanumberofnuclearpowerplants Thecurrentstructureoftheworld senergy Nuclearpowerintheworldenergyconsumedin8percent Nuclearpowerintheworldelectricenergyaccountsfor17 2000 Fossilfuelsfor85 oftotalenergy Fossilfuelsfor30 ofthetotalelectricalenergy Oilforelectricitygenerationisawaste Thepeacefuluseofnuclearenergyintheworld Thepeacefuluseofnuclearenergyintheworld Thereareover441nuclearpowerplantsintheworld accountingfor17 ofworldelectricitysupply 2005 Shareoftheworld snuclearpowergeneration 2002 DistributionofexistingnuclearpowerplantsinChina China sfuturenuclearpowerprogram Planning 2007 2015 Improvedsecond generationunit hasstartedconstruction 红沿河 辽宁 建设6 1000MW PWR 阳江 广东 建设6 1000MW PWR 方家山 浙江 2 1000MW PWR 福清 宁德 福建 分别建设6 1000MW PWR 昌江 海南 建设2 650MW PWR Threegenerationsofnuclearpower hasstartedconstruction 三门 浙江 6 1250MW PWR 海阳 山东 6 1250MW PWR 台山 广东 2 1750MW PWR Fourth generationnuclearpower 荣成石岛湾 山东 1 20MW 高温气冷堆 三明 福建 2 800MW BN 800快中子核反应堆 Theadvantagesanddisadvantagesofnuclearenergy 核能优点 1 核能发电不造成空气污染 不产生加重地球温室效应的二氧化碳 2 核燃料体积小 运输与储存方便 3 核能发电的成本中 燃料费用所占的比例较低 4 核原料丰富 核能缺点 1 核能电厂会产生放射性废料 2 核能发电厂热效率较低 热污染较严重 3 核能电厂投资成本太大 电力公司的财务风险较高 4 核能电厂选址受环境影响较大 5 核电厂如果在事故中释放到外界环境 会对生态及民众造成伤害 综上所述 目前世界处在和平时代 发展是主流 为满足日益紧张的能源需求 虽然核能有其不足之处 但利大于弊 我们应该积极发展 Theadvantagesanddisadvantagesofnuclearenergy Advantagesofnuclearenergy 1 Nuclearpowerdoesnotcauseairpollutionanddoesnotproducecarbondioxidewhichaggravatesglobalwarming 2 Nuclearfuelhassmallsizesoitiseasyfortransportationandstorage 3 Fuelcostsaccountsforalowerproportioninthecostofnuclearpowergeneration 4 Richinnuclearmaterial Disadvantagesofnuclearenergy 1 Nuclearpowerplantwillproduceradioactivewaste 2 Nuclearpowerplanthaslowerthermalefficiencyandbadheatpollution 3 Nuclearpowerplantneedslargeinvestmentcost thepowerco