ST7920驱动的12964液晶显示步骤.doc

写液晶程序的步骤：1、 先认真看12864液晶的技术资料（不要放过每一个字，每一个字都很关键）2、 特别是指令说明，时序图，时序参数这是至关重要的一点。3、 开始写程序了，说白了液晶是另一种芯片，只是现在用单片机来驱动它吧了。来驱动12864液晶显示，首先要初始化（就是在驱动12864液晶前做好准备工作就相当于，启动单片机定时器一样做好初始化准备工作） 1，当模块在接受指令前，微处理必须先确认模块内部处于非忙碌状态，即读取BF的标志，当BF为0方可接受新的指令。 初始化过程：延时几MS，1， void init_lcd(void) /这是初始化子程序 4、 5、 rst=1;/6、 psb=0； /串口驱动; PSB=1，并口驱动7、 Write_Cmd (,0x30); /*30-基本指令动作，写扩充功能指令*/ 8、 Write_Cmd (,0x01); /*清屏，地址指针指向00H*/9、 delay(100);10、 Write_Cmd (0x06); 11、 /*光标的移动方向，进入点设定，I/D=1光标右移，S=1文字移动有效*/12、 Write_Cmd (0x0c); /*开显示，关游标*/0x0f 就是开显示，开游标13、 14、 写指令过程：看到时序图可知，当RS=0时，R/W0时，且在E1时再变为E=0的下降沿把准备好的指令码送给12864液晶芯片15、 void Write_Cmd(unsigned char Cmd)写指令子程序16、 17、 Check_Busy();/BF是否等于0，因为等于1时是写不进去的，直等到为018、 RS=0;19、 RW=0;20、 E=1;21、 DataPort=Cmd;/这就把以准备的指令数送进去了22、 DelayUs2x(5);23、 E=0;24、 DelayUs2x(5);25、 26、 写数据过程：看到上面的时序图可知，只有当RS=1时，R/W0时，E=1到0时才能把数据写进去。27、 void Write_Data(unsigned char Data)写数据子程序28、 29、 Check_Busy(); /这个就是检查BF是否有空的子程序，一般延时一点时间就可以了不用一至检查的30、 RS=1;31、 RW=0;32、 E=1;33、 DataPort=Data;/这就把以要写的数据送进去了34、 DelayUs2x(5);35、 E=0;36、 DelayUs2x(5);37、 数据写进去就是你要显示的东西，例如你要显示汉字。看一显示汉字子程序吧 void chn_disp(uchar code *chn)38、 39、 uchar i,j;40、 Write_Cmd (0x30);/这是写指令让显示做好准备41、 Write_Cmd (0x80);/这是数据写进去要让字显示的开始的地方，这是起始地址42、 for(j=0;j4;j+)43、 44、 for(i=0;i16;i+)45、 Write_Data (chnj*16+i);46、 47、 48、 uchar code tab = /这是显示的东西49、 成都电子高专技术50、 WWW.CEC.EDU.CN51、 ;52、 看你下12864的显示地址方配方式 St7920驱动是分上半屏和下半屏驱动的，起始地址是这样的，上半屏X方向0x80-0x87和0x90-97，Y方向是从0x80-0x9f; 下半屏X方向0x88-0x8f和0x98-0x9f，Y方向的一样0x80-0x9f 注意：显示汉字和显示图象是不一样的。显示图象的步骤1，先关绘图显示.2把水平元组的地址写到RAM中，在Y方向的元组地址写到RAM中。3将图片数据全写到RAM中。4开启绘图显示。所以显示汉字和显示图片不好混显。液晶显示它们是有记忆功能的，如果不清屏它是一至显示原来的。但图片显示的地方不能盖住汉字显的地方。也就是说如果上面有汉字，只要不清屏，接着显示图片汉字还是看的到，可是图片就显示的不完整，汉字把图片盖住了。所以显示几张图片显完后显示下的的必须清屏。 但这样我们可以在汉字空格的地方显示图片那样不就做到了汉字和图片混显示了吗？ 现在来做一个简单的汉字和图片的混显的程序吧。 我们上半屏显汉字，下半屏显图片void chn_disp1(uchar code *chn) /汉字显示在上半屏字程序 uchar i,j; Write_Cmd (0x30); /基本指令 Write_Cmd (0x80); /汉字一行显示起始地址 j=0; for(i=0;i16;i+) Write_Data (chnj*16+i); Write_Cmd (0x90);/汉字二行显示起始地址 j=1; for(i=0;i16;i+) Write_Data (chnj*16+i); void img_disp1(uchar code *img) /在下半屏显示的图片字程序 uchar i,j; for(j=0;j32;j+) for(i=0;i8;i+) Write_Cmd (0x34); /关绘图显示指令 Write_Cmd (0x80+j); /送Y方向的地址 Write_Cmd (0x88+i);/送X方向的地址 Write_Cmd (0x30); /基本指令 Write_Data (imgj*16+i*2);/送图片的数据 Write_Data (imgj*16+i*2+1); wr_lcd(comm,0x36);/开绘图显示不管什么，你要显示什么东西，或者要在显示上有什么动作，必须先写相应的指令（写指令就是告诉12864液晶你接下来将要做什么事情请它作好相应的准备）接着写相应的数据。下面是验证过了的程序 /*模块名称：st7920 串行方式驱动12864液晶驱动*/#include #define uint unsigned int#define uchar unsigned char#define FIRSTROW 0x80 #define x1 0x80#define x2 0x88#define y 0x80#define comm 0#define dat 1void lcd_mov_up();sbit cs = P21;sbit std = P22;sbit sclk = P24;sbit psb = P25; /H=并口; L=串口;sbit rst = P23; /Reset Signal 低电平有效void wr_lcd (uchar dat_comm,uchar content);void delay (uint us);uchar code tab1=成都电子高等专科电气与电子工程系电子高专技术论谈;uchar code tab31=成都电子高专技术WWW.CEC.EDU.CN;uchar code tab32=/*- 调入了一幅图像：F:梁画图HOCO12832.bmp -*/*- 宽度x高度=128x32 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code tab5=/*- 调入了一幅图像：F:梁画图COCK.bmp -大公鸡-*/*- 宽度x高度=128x64 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函数名称 ：init_lcd* 功能描述 ：初始化LCD */void init_lcd(void) rst=1; psb=0; wr_lcd(comm,0x30); /*30-基本指令动作*/ wr_lcd(comm,0x01); /*清屏，地址指针指向00H*/ delay(100); wr_lcd(comm,0x06); /*光标的移动方向*/ wr_lcd(comm,0x0c); /*开显示，关游标*/* 函数名称 ：chn_disp* 功能描述 ：显示汉字或字符*/void chn_disp(uchar code *chn) uchar i,j; wr_lcd(comm,0x30); wr_lcd(comm,0x80); for(j=0;j4;j+) for(i=0;i16;i+) wr_lcd(dat,chnj*16+i); /* 函数名称 ：chn_disp1* 功能描述 ：上半屏显示汉字或字符 */void chn_disp1(uchar code *chn) uchar i,j; wr_lcd(comm,0x30); wr_lcd(comm,0x80); j=0; for(i=0;i16;i+) wr_lcd(dat,chnj*16+i); wr_lcd(comm,0x90); j=1; for(i=0;i16;i+) wr_lcd(dat,chnj*16+i);/* 函数名称 ：img_disp* 功能描述 ：显示图形：*/void img_disp(uchar code *img) uchar i,j; for(j=0;j32;j+) for(i=0;i8;i+) wr_lcd(comm,0x34); wr_lcd(comm,y+j); wr_lcd(comm,x1+i); wr_lcd(comm,0x30); wr_lcd(dat,imgj*16+i*2); wr_lcd(dat,imgj*16+i*2+1); for(j=32;j64;j+) for(i=0;i8;i+) wr_lcd(comm,0x34); wr_lcd(comm,y+j-32); wr_lcd(comm,x2+i); wr_lcd(comm,0x30); wr_lcd(dat,imgj*16+i*2); wr_lcd(dat,imgj*16+i*2+1); wr_lcd(comm,0x36);/* 函数名称 ：img_disp1* 功能描述 ：下半屏显示图形 ：*/void img_disp1(uchar code *img) uchar i,j; for(j=0;j32;j+) for(i=0;i8;i+) wr_lcd(comm,0x34); wr_lcd(comm,y+j); wr_lcd(comm,x2+i); wr_lcd(comm,0x30); wr_lcd(dat,imgj*16+i*2); wr_lcd(dat,imgj*16+i*2+1); wr_lcd(comm,0x36);/* 函数名称 ：lat_disp* 功能描述 ：显示点阵 */void lat_disp(uchar data1,uchar data2) uchar i,j,k,x; x=x1; for(k=0;k2;k+) for(j=0;j16;j+) for(i=0;i8;i+) wr_lcd(comm,0x34); wr_lcd(comm,y+j*2); wr_lcd(comm,x+i); wr_lcd(comm,0x30); wr_lcd(dat,data1); wr_lcd(dat,data1); for(i=0;i8;i+) wr_lcd(comm,0x34); wr_lcd(comm,y+