量子纠缠论文：光与物质相互作用系统中的量子纠缠和保真度.doc

量子纠缠论文：光与物质相互作用系统中的量子纠缠和保真度【中文摘要】量子化的辐射场与物质相互作用规律及其效应的研究是量子光学的基本内容。本文以Dicke模型描述的单模光场与N个原子相互作用的系统为例,详细考察了系统的量子纠缠和保真度的动力学性质。该系统非旋波近似条件下发现为混沌。研究表明：当初态位于规则区域中心时,系统的线性熵较大；初态位于经典混沌区域时系统的线性熵较小；而初态位于过渡区域时,线性熵表现为较好的过渡规律。此外,在详细考察Dicke模型经典相空间结构特点的基础上,采用“一对多”的思想,即经典相空间中的一点对应于量子体系两个初始相干态的演化,然后采取对两个初态量子纠缠动力学演化取统计平均的方法,得到了与经典相空间对应得非常好的量子相空间结构,利用平均纠缠得到一种较好的量子动力学与经典相空间的对应关系。在考察Dicke模型中保真度的动力学演化性质时,我们发现：当初态位于经典区域中心时,系统保真度衰减较慢；初态位于经典混沌区域中心时,系统保真度衰减较快；而初态位于混沌过渡区域时,保真度演化曲线表现为过渡规律。因此,可以利用保真度对系统混沌进行刻画,混沌系统信息失真较大。改变系统的各种参量可以发现：当系统处于失谐情形时,与共振情形相比保真度演化曲线衰减规律被破坏,不利于对系统量子混沌的刻画。当系统能量较小时保真度演化曲线衰减较快,高能量导致系统信息失真较大。【英文摘要】The research of quantization of radiation field, material interaction law and effect is the basic content of quantum optics. Based on the description of single-mode optical Dicke model field and N atoms interaction system as an example, a detailed examination of the system of quantum entanglement and fidelity of the dynamics properties in the energy approximate conditions, finding chaos in this system. Research shows that the original state regional center located in rules, the system of linear entropy is bigger; Initial state located in classical chaotic regional system when linear entropy is small; And initial state located in transition region, linear entropy performance for good transition rules. In addition, based on the of the detailed investigation structure characteristics of Dicke model in classical phase space. Using a variety of ways of thinking, namely, classic phase space of a bit corresponds to both initial coherent state of evolution in the quantum system. Then take the two primary state of quantum entanglement dynamic evolution take statistical average method, obtained better quantum phase space structure correspondence with classic phase spacen. With average entanglement get the corresponding relation of a better quantum dynamics and classic phase space.When research the fidelity of Dicke model dynamic evolution properties, we find, Original state in classical regional centers, the system fidelity of slow attenuation; Initial state in classical chaotic regional centers, the system fidelity of attenuated fast; And initial state located in transition region, fidelity of curve evolution for good transition rules. Therefore, we can use the fidelity of depicting system chaos, chaotic system information distortion is bigger. Change of various of system parameters, we fond:fidelity of curve evolution decay laws were damaged when the system is in detuning cases compared with resonance case, it against on system of quantum chaos describe. When the energy of the system is lesser fidelity of curve evolution attenuated fast, the system information distortion is bigger the cause of high energy.【关键词】量子纠缠 相空间结构 保真度 自旋相干态 量子经典对应【英文关键词】Quantum entanglement Phase space structure Spin coherent state Quantum-classical correspondence Fidelity【目录】光与物质相互作用系统中的量子纠缠和保真度摘要4-5ABSTRACT5目录6-7第一章 绪论7-141.1 量子信息简介7-91.2 量子混沌研究历史回顾9-101.3 量子纠缠和保真度研究现状10-131.4 论文内容结构安排13-14第二章 基本理论概述14-212.1 光与物质相互作用系统哈密顿量14-162.2 Dicke模型16-172.3 自旋相干态17-21第三章 Dicke模型的量子纠缠性质21-343.1 经典相空间结构21-263.2 量子纠缠的动力学性质2