成考英语III.ppt

2020 1 24 虚拟语气SubjunctiveMood GRAMMER语法 陈述语气Iwenttothetheatreyesterday Jackhadn tcomebackhomeyet 祈使语气Let sgo Don ttouchanythingonthetableuntilthebellrings 一 语气的分类 虚拟语气IfIwereyou Iwouldnotleaveheralone Histeachersuggestedthathegotothelibrarythisafternoon 2020 1 24 条件句表示主句的条件 分真实条件句和虚拟条件句两种 a 真实条件句表示条件是真的或有可能实现的 采用陈述语气 b 虚拟条件句表示条件是无法实现或几乎无法实现的 采用虚拟语气 二 if 虚拟条件句的概念 由 if 引导的虚拟条件句叫作 if 虚拟条件句Icouldhavehaddinnerwithhimifhehadbeenhereyesterday 其他虚拟条件句Withoutyourhelp Icouldn thavemadesomuchprogress 1 虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中 1 表示与现在事实相反的假设 条件状语从句中的谓语动词用 过去式 be动词的过去式用were 而主句中的谓语动词 would should could might 动词原形 虚拟语气 IfIwereaboy Iwouldjointhearmy IfIhadalotofmoney Iwouldbuyavilla Ifitwerefinenow Iwouldgoshopping a Ifthey be here they take youradvice b Iftheworldwar burst outagain what happen toourpeopleonearth were wouldtake burst wouldhappen PRACTICE1 Fillintheblanks c Ifthepoliceman benot inthatroom it be verydangerous d IfI be inyourposition I ask forteacher shelp werenot couldbe were wouldask 2 与过去的事实相反 从句的谓语用had 过去分词 构成IfI we you he they had 过去分词的形式 主句的谓语用should 第一人称 would 第二 三人称 could mighthave 动词过去分词 Ifhe morecarefully he thecaraccidentyesterday haddriven wouldnothavehad IfI howtoswimthen I trappedinthatisland hadlearnt wouldnothavebeen a IfTom be morecarefulintheexam he pass italready b Ifyou get upearlier you catch thefirsttrain hadbeen wouldhavepassed hadgot wouldhavecaught PRACTICE2 Fillintheblanks c IfI meet youyesterday we go totheconcerttogether hadmet wouldhavegone 3 与将来事实相反 从句的谓语用IfI we you he they 动词过去式或weretodo或shoulddo形式 主句谓语用should 第一人称 would 第二 三人称 could might 动词原形 Ifhegotupearlytomorrow hewouldgetthereontime 假如他来 我们会对他说什么呢 Ifheweretocome whatshouldwesaytohim 假如他看见我 就会认识我 Ifheshouldseeme hewouldknowme a Ifthere be nonaturalresourceanymore we make useofnuclearpower b What happen ifyou getup toolatetomorrow shouldbe shouldmake wouldhappen shouldgetup PRACTICE3 Fillintheblanks c IfRobots control theworldsomeday there be nofriendship weretocontrol wouldbe 过去时 were would could should might V 原 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法 过去完成时 would could should might have p p 1 过去时2 should V 3 weretodo would could should might V 原 主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间 这时主从句位于动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同 这叫做混合条件句 例句中从句与过去事实相反 主句与现在事实相反Ifyouhadaskedhimyesterday youwouldknowwhattodonow Ifthestaff whattodobefore thebuilding onfirenow wouldnotbe hadbeentold 三 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法 1 在动词wish后的宾语从句中 表示与现在或过去的事实相反 或对将来的主观愿望 从句通常省略连词that Iwisheverydayweremybirthday 1 表示对现在情况的虚拟 从句动词用过去式或过去进行式 be动词一般用were Hebehavesasifheownedthehouse Buthedoesn townitorprobablydoesn townitorwedon tknowwhetherheownsitornot Iwishitwouldraintomorrow Iwish wishedIhadn teatensomuchwatermelon 2 表示对过去情况的虚拟 从句动词常用 had 过去分词 1 IwishI thismorning butIhadtogetupandcometoclass A couldhavesleptB sleptC mighthavesleptD haveslept A 表示过去时间不现实的愿望 asif asthough 由asif asthough 或eventhough eventhough 引导的状语从句表示比较或方式时 从句谓语形式为动词的过去式 be用were 或 had 过去分词 他那样对待我 好像我是陌生人似的 HetreatsmeasifIwereastranger 注意 如果表示的事情可能会发生 那么方式状语从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气 Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain HetalksaboutRomeasthoughhehadbeentherehimself Translate 我要是你的话 我就会把英语学好 2 如果你昨天来 你就会看见他 3 万一明天下雨 我们就不到那儿去 4 我希望我十年前认识他 5 他对待我就像对待他自己的儿子一样 IfIwereyou Iwould shouldlearnEnglishwell Ifyouhadcomeyesterday youwouldhavemethim Ifitweretoraintomorrow wewouldn tgothere IwishIhadknownhimtenyearsago HetreatsmeasifIwerehisownson 四 Itis high time等从句中 表示 该做而没有作的事情 动词用一般过去时 如 It shightimewebegantowork Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow 2 Youareveryselfish It shightime youarenotthemostimportantpersonintheworld Edgarsaidtohisbossangrily A haverealizedB realizedC realizeD shouldrealize 表示是时间该作某事 但没做 B 五 表示 建议 要求 命令 意义的各种从句中 advisesuggestproposeinsistrequestrecommenddemandrequireurgeintendordercommand 这些词从句谓语用虚拟语气shoulddo should可省略 例如 HeinsistedthatJohnshoulddothisjob Theuniondemandedthewageberaisedby20 Wesuggestedthemeetingnotbepostponed 六 省掉if 从句倒装 Ifyouhadcomeyesterday youwouldhavemethim Ifitweretoraintomorrow wewouldn tgothere Hadyoucomeyesterday youwouldhavemethim Wereittoraintomorrow wewouldn tgothere 5 formyillness Iwouldhavelenthimahelpinghand A NotbeingB HaditnotbeenC WithoutbeingD Nothavingbeen B 表示 要不是 Had提前 倒装 Practice Evenifhe be here hecouldn tsolvetheproblem Withoutair there be nolivingthings Butforyourhelp I not do itwell IfonlyI take hisadvice butIdidn t 5 Iwasverybusyyesterday otherwiseI come tothemeeting 6 Lookattheclock It s high timewe go home were wouldbe couldn thavedone hadtaken wouldhavecome went shouldgo SubjunctiveMood 虚拟语气 Part1 1 Ifheshouldcome tellhimtoringmeup Shouldhecome tellhimtoringmeup IfIwereinyourposition Iwouldnotdoit WereIinyourposition Iwouldnotdoit 2 Withoutair therewouldbenolivingthings Iftherewerenoair therewouldbenolivingthings 三 虚拟条件句的特殊变形 3 Iwasbusythatday OtherwiseIwouldhavegonewiththem IfIhadn tbeenbusythatday Iwouldhavegonewiththem Iwouldhavefinishedthework butIhavebeenill IfIhadn tbeenill Iwouldhavefinishedthework 三 虚拟条件句的特殊变形 一选择题DABCDAA 虚拟语气练习题 二填空hadlistenedhadbeenwarned wouldn thavetasted3 hadcome wouldhavemet4 wouldbe5 hadnotseen wouldnotbe6 was7 wouldhavecalled 虚拟语气练习题 三翻译Ifthisearthquakehadhappenedinbigcities therewouldhavebeenmoredeaths Whatfineweatheritistoday Ifitrained weretorain shouldraintomorrow thesportsmeetwouldbeputoff 3 IfIwere shouldbe weretobeinschoolagain Iwouldworkharder 虚拟语气练习题 4 Iwould couldnothavesucceededwithout butforyourhelp 5 Shecametotownyesterday otherwiseIwouldnothavemether 6 Iwouldhaveattendedthemeeting butIhavebeentoobusy 虚拟语气练习题 SubjunctiveMood 虚拟语气 Part2 一 虚拟语气在主语从句中 shouldbeshouldbeshouldinform 二 虚拟语气在宾语从句中 1 kne