英语四级：改错练习.doc

模拟练习一Although AsianAmericans make up only 2.4 percent of thenations population, it constitute 17.1 percent of1.undergraduates at Harvard, 18 percent2.at the Massachusetts Institute of Technologyand 27.3 percent at the University of Californiaat Berkeley. Why are AsianAmericans doing so well?Are they grinds, as some stereotype suggest?Or can we have a lesson from them about values3.we have long treasured them but may have misplacedlike4.hard work, the family and education?The young Asians achievements have led in5.a series of fascinated studies. Perhaps the most6.disturbing results come from the research carried on7.by a University of Michigan psychologist,Harold W. Stevenson, who has comparedmore than 7,000 students in Chicago and Minneapoliswith counterpart in Beijing, Taipei and Sendai.8.On a series of math test, the Americansdid worst at all grade levels. Stevenson found difference9.in IQ. But if differences in performance are showing upin kindergarten, it suggests something happen10.in the family, even before the children get to school.【答案及解析】1.【答案】it改为they【解析】本题主要考查指代关系及对句意的理解，句子表达的意思为“尽管亚裔美籍人只占美国总人口的百分之2.4，著名大学里亚裔学生的比例很高。”可见“constitute”的主语应为“AsianAmericans”而非“population”,故不能用“it”指代。2.【答案】undergraduates前加the【解析】本题主要考查冠词的用法。哈佛大学的在校生中百分之17.1为亚裔，既然明确提到是哈佛大学，“undergraduates”这个概念属于特指，之前应加定冠词“the”。本题还可以通过联系后文得出正确答案：由前文24percent of the nations population 中的 the 可知此处属同类用法，故本行中 “undergraduates”应改为 “the undergraduates”。3.【答案】have改为learn【解析】本题主要考查词组的使用。联系前后文不难了解，本句提出的问题是美国人是否应该在一些方面向亚裔人士学习。词组 “have a lesson”意为“上课”或“有课”，如“We will have a lesson in the lecture hall this afternoon.”而文中需要表示“学习经验”或“吸取经验”的意思，故应用“learn a lesson”。4.【答案】去掉them【解析】本题主要考查定语从句。通过分析句子成分可以看出，“values”是定语从句的先行词，其后的“we have long treasured but may have misplaced”是 “values”的限定成分，关系词 “which/that”被省略了。定语从句中不能再次出现指先行词 “values”的 “them”,应将其去掉。5.【答案】in改为to【解析】本题考查固定搭配。句意为：“亚裔学子的出众引发了一系列的研究”，“lead in”不能表达“引起”或“导致”的意思，而“lead to”意为“导致；导向；影响”，故应把“in”改为“to”。6.【答案】fascinated改为fascinating【解析】本题考查分词的用法。“fascinate”是使动词，意为“使迷惑，对有极大魔力”，其现在分词“fascinating”表示的是人或事物的性质，意为“令人迷惑的；有魔力的；有吸引力的”，而过去分词“fascinated”表示感觉，意为“觉得迷惑；被吸引”。本句中需要表明研究很有趣，吸引人，因而应使用“fascinating”。7.【答案】on改为out【解析】本题考查固定搭配。“carry on”意为“坚持下去；继续下去”，而“carry out”表示“进行，开展；执行”。句子意为研究结果来自一位心理学家进行的研究，与坚持或持续无关，应把“on”改为“out”。8.【答案】counterpart改为counterparts【解析】本题考查指代关系及对文意的理解。在上文所说的研究中，研究者从美国的两个城市选取学生，将其与从东方几个城市选出的学生相比较，用于作比的学生不可能是单数，应用复数形式“counterparts”。9.【答案】difference前加no【解析】本题考查语义逻辑。联系上下文不难发现，文章的意思是东西方的学生在智力方面没有显著差异，是非智力的因素让亚裔学生出类拔萃，因此“difference”前应加一个表示否定的词“no”。10.【答案】happen改为happens【解析】本题考查语法。本题的迷惑点在于，“suggest”作“建议”意思用时，其后的宾语从句应为“should加动词原型”的形式，而“should”经常省略。考生容易忽略此规则的适用条件，即动词“suggest”的意思。本句中“suggest”不表示建议，其意为表示或表明，因此“happen”应根据主语“something”改为“happens”。考点总结题号改前改后语法规则词汇用法固定搭配语义逻辑指代关系1itthey2undergraduates加the 3havelearn4treasured themtreasured5into6fascinatedfascinating7onout8counterpartcounterparts9differenceno difference10happenhappens模拟练习二In any classroom in any country, the instructor teachesmore than just art or history or language. Part ofwhat is going onconsciously or notis the teaching of culture:the attitudes, values and beliefs in the society.1.Every education system is inevitably a mirrorthat reflects the culture of the society it is a part.2.In many western countries, such as the United States or Canada,which are made up of many different nations,3.religious groups and cultural orientations, individualismand dependent thinking are highly valued.4.And these values are reflected by education systemsin these countries. Teachers emphasize the qualitiesthat let each student special. Students are seldom5.expected to memorize information; however,6.they are encouraged to think for themselves, find answerson their own and come up with individual solutions.At an early age, students learn to form their own ideasand opinions, and to express their ideas when class discussion.7.In Japan, in contrast, the vast majority of people share8.the same language, history, and culture. Perhaps for this reason,the education system here reflects a belief in9.group goals and traditions than individualism.10.【答案及解析】1.【答案】in改为of【解析】本题考查所有格的使用。句意为“教师在课上传授的是文化知识，即一个社会的观念、价值观及信仰。”文中提到的“观念、价值观和信仰”是存在于某个社会的成员的思想当中的，不是简单的地理位置关系，应用所有格来表达，而表达所有格应用介词“of”而非“in”。2.【答案】part之后加of【解析】本题考查固定搭配。由于包含了从句，句子结构相对复杂，此类情况下考生可以通过造句的方法得出正确答案。“教育体系是社会文化的一部分。”这个句子用英文表达应为“Education system is a part of the culture of the society.”同理句中“part”之后应加“of”。3.【答案】nations改为nationalities【解析】本题考查对文意的理解。文章对比了以美加为代表的西方国家和以日本为代表的东方国家。文中表达的意思是美国加拿大等许多西方国家的国民来自不同的民族、信仰不同的宗教、有着不同的价值取向，故应把“nations”改为“nationalities”。4.【答案】dependent改为independent【解析】本题主要考查语义逻辑。对照后文不难发现，与日本不同，在像美国加拿大这样的西方国家里，人们看重的是个性和独立思考。通过“individualism”也可以推断出，与其并列的成分应为“independent”而非“dependent”。5.【答案】let改为make【解析】本题考查语法规则及词汇用法。“let”和“make”均有“让某人”之意，但用法不同。“let”之后应出现动词原型，而文中“special”为形容词，因此应使用“make”。6.【答案】however改为instead【解析】本题考查语义及词汇用法。句意为人们不希望学生对知识死记硬背，而是鼓励他们独立思考，得出自己的答案。本句前后部分并不是“然而”的关系；结合文章意思，应把“however”改为“instead”。7.【答案】when改为in【解析】本题考查语法规则。“class discussion”是词组而非从句，不能用“when”引导，而应使用介词“in”,表示“在课堂讨论中”。8.【答案】in改为by【解析】本题考查固定搭配。“by contrast”意为“相比之下”或“与此相对”。使用介词“in”属误用。9.【答案】there改为here【解析】本题考查语义及指代关系。本句指的是日本的教育崇尚集体精神、传统而非个性。由此可见，“这里的教育体系”应该为“那里的教育体系”。10.【答案】than前加rather【解析】本题考查语义及语法。句意不涉及比较，因为本句并未出现形容词和副词，在排除比较后，根据上文阐述可知，日本的教育体系与美加等国不同，日本的教育崇尚集体精神、传统而非个性。因此应在“than”前加“rather”,表达“而不是”的意思。考点总结题号改前改后语法规则词汇用法固定搭配语义逻辑指代关系1inof2partpart of3nationsnationalities4dependentindependent5letmake6howeverinstead7whenin8inby9therehere10thanrather than模拟练习三A multicultural person is someone who is deeplyconcerned that all culture are equally good,1.enjoys learning the rich variety of cultures in the world,or most likely has been exposed to more than one2.culture in his or her lifetime. You cannot motivateanyone, especially someone of the other culture,3.until that person has accepted you. A multilingualperson can explain the advantages of a product with4.other languages, but a multicultural salesperson canmotivate foreigners to buy it. Thats a critic difference.5.No one likes foreigners who are arrogant about theirown culture. Customers are turned off by monoculturalsalespeople. The trouble is, most people are arrogant6.monocultural without being aware of it. And even thosewho are aware of it cannot hide. Foreigners sense7.monocultural arrogance at once and set up their culture8.barriers, effectively block any attempt by the9.monocultural person to motivate them. Multiculturalismis a requirement that has neglected too often10.in hiring managements for international positions.And this neglect is affecting every industry.【答案及解析】1.【答案】culture改为cultures【解析】本题考查词汇及语法。“文化”这一词很容易被当作抽象名词，从而使考生觉得应该把“are”改为“is”。其实本句中“culture”为可数名词，指的是不同国家的文化，这一点从首行“multicultural”也可推断出来。故本题需要改正的不是动词而应把“culture”变为复数形式。2.【答案】or改为and【解析】本句考查语义逻辑。连词的前后部分并非二选一的关系，故不能用“or”而应使用表示并列及顺承的“and”。此外，“most likely”也可作为得出答案的提示。3.【答案】the other改为another【解析】本题考查词汇用法及固定搭配。容易误用的词或词组是常考的考点，如“another”, “the other”, “others”。如果提到两方，应使用“onethe other”来表示“一个另一个”,而本句并没有出现把文化分为两类的意思，因此不可使用“the other”,应选择不特指的“another”。4.【答案】with改为in【解析】本题考查介词的使用。用某种语言表达应使用介词“in”而非“with”,但由于“with”也有“用”的意思，此类情况下容易混淆。可回忆一个简单的句子，如 “How do you say this in English?”然后类推出答案。5.【答案】critic改为critical【解析】本题考查词汇用法。修饰名词“difference”的应为形容词“critical”。6.【答案】arrogant改为arrogantly【解析】本题同样考查词汇用法。须注意，“arrogant”并非在be动词之后作表语，“傲慢”之意应修饰其后的“monocultural”,故应改为副词形式“arrogantly”,用副词修饰形容词。7.【答案】hide后加it【解析】本句考查语法规则。本句包含定语从句，限定主语“those”。句意为“而那些觉察到的人也无法掩饰”。“掩饰”的宾语为上文提到的“being arrogantly monocultural”,本句中应用“it”指代，故应在句末加上“it”。8.【答案】culture改为cultural【解析】本题考查词汇用法。“文化壁垒”应为“cultural barrier”而非“culture barrier”,属形容词修饰名词。9.【答案】block改为blocking【解析】本题考查语法规则。通过分析句子成分可知，“block”并非句子的谓语，因此应该使用非谓语形式。外国人感觉到傲慢情绪并很快建立起文化壁垒，主语“foreigners”与“block”之间是主动的关系，故使用“block”的现在分词。10.【答案】has后加been【解析】本题考查语法规则。本句包含定语从句，从句先行词为“requirement”,其与“neglect”之间应为被动关系，意为“这一要求被忽视”，故应根据现在完成时被动语态的要求，在“neglected”之前加“been”。考点总结题号改前改后语法规则词汇用法固定搭配语义逻辑指代关系1culturecultures2orand3the otheranother4within5criticcritical6arrogantarrogantly7hidehide it8culturecultural9blockblocking10hashas been模拟练习四No one can be brilliant at everything. In fact, successin one area often precludes success in others.1.A famous politician once told me that his careerhas practically destroyed his marriage. “I have2.no time for my family,” he explained. “I travel a lot.And even though I am home, I hardly see my kids.3.Ive got power, money, prestigebut as a husbandor father, I am a flop.” Certain kinds of success canindeed be destructive. The danger of earlier success is4.particularly acute. I recall in my childhood a girl5.who skill on ice skates marked her as “Olympic material.”6.While rest of us were playing, bicycling, reading7.and just lofting, this girl skatedeveryday afterschool or all weekend. Her picture often appeared8.on the papers, and the rest of us envied her glamorous life.9.Years later, however, she spoke bitterly of thoseearly triumphs. “I never prepared myself with anything10.but ice,” she said. “I peaked at 17 and its been downhill ever since.”【答案及解析】1.【答案】others改为another【解析】本题考查词汇用法。容易误用的词或词组是常考的考点，如“another”, “the other”, “others”。如果提到两方，应使用“onethe other”来表示“一个另一个”。本处指其它方面或其它领域的成功，联系上文“success in one area”，应把“others”改为“another”。2.【答案】has改为had【解析】本题考查语法规则。在文中提到的政治家与文章作者交流之前，他的婚姻已经被事业影响了。因上一行出现的动词“told”为过去式，表示在过去某个时间之前发生的事情应使用过去完成时。3.【答案】though改为when【解析】本题考查词汇用法及语义。由句意判断，“当我在家”这个部分应为时间状语从句，需要用“when”引导，而“even though”只有表示“尽管”之意，不能带起时间状语从句，因而应把“though”改为“when”。4.【答案】earlier改为early【解析】本题考查语义逻辑。文中提到某些成功可能会带来负面影响，少年得志尤甚。在“早年”这个意思上并未出现比较，故不应使用比较级“earlier”而应用原型“early”。5.【答案】in改为from【解析】本题考查语法规则及语义逻辑。句中“in my childhood”这个部分具有较强迷惑性因为孤立来看“在我的童年”这种说法完全正确。需要注意的是其后出现的并非“recall”的宾语从句，因此可以排除“in my childhood”作时间状语的可能性。根据句意推断，应把“in”改为“from”,意为“我想到童年时候的一个女孩”。6.【答案】who改为whose【解析】本题考查语法规则及指代关系。先行词“girl”与“skill”之间存在所有格的关系，句意为“那位女孩的冰上技巧”，故应选用关系词“whose”而非“who”。7.【答案】rest前加the【解析】本题考查固定搭配。其余的这一概念应用“the rest of”来表示，因此，“rest”前应加定冠词“the”。8.【答案】or改为and【解析】本题考查语义逻辑。文中把那位女孩与其它孩子作对比，当其他孩子玩耍的时候那位女孩把一切课余时间都用于练习溜冰，根据文意应把“or”改为“and”。9.【答案】on改为in【解析】本题考查介词。“on”表示“在之上”时，其体现的只是简单的位置关系。而汉语中使用的“她的照片登在报纸上”表达的是报纸的内容而非位置关系，应使用介词“in”。10.【答案】with改为for【解析】本题考查固定搭配及语义逻辑。“prepare with”意为“用作准备”，“我只用溜冰作准备”显然逻辑有误。而“prepare for”意为“为作准备”，符合句子的意思，故应把“with”改为“for”。考点总结题号改前改后语法规则词汇用法固定搭配语义逻辑指代关系1othersanother2hashad3thoughwhen4earlierearly5infrom6whowhose7restthe rest8orand9onin10withfor模拟练习五Why are so many people so afraid of failure?Simply because no one tell us how to fail1.so failure becomes a growing experience.2.We forget that failure is a part of the human conditionand that every person has the right to failure. Most parents3.work hard in either preventing failure or shielding4.their children out the knowledge that they have failed.5.One way is to lower standards. A mother describesher childs hastily made table as “perfect!” even if6.its clumsy and unsteady. Another way is to shift blame.If John fails math, his teacher is unfair or stupid.The trouble with failureprevention devices are that they7.lead a child unequipped with life in the real world.8.The young need to learn that no one can be bestat everything, no one can win all the time andthat it is impossible to enjoy a game even when you dont win.9.A child who does not invited to a birthday party,10.who doesnt make the honor roll or the baseball teamfeels terrible, of course. But parents should not offer a quickconsolation prize or say, “It doesnt matter”, because it does.The youngster should be allowed to experiencedisappointment and then be helped to master it.【答案及解析】1.【答案】tell改为tells【解析】本题考查语法规则。句子主语是“no one”,谓语应该使用第三人称单数形式，故应将“tell”改为“tells”。2.【答案】so后加that【解析】本句考查语义逻辑及固定搭配。若本句中“so”表示“所以”之意，句意就应为“只因没有人告诉我们怎样失败，因此失败成为经验的累积。”这显然与文意不符。应在“so”之后加“that”,使用“so that”表示目的，句意为“只因没有人告诉我们怎样失败，从而使失败成为经验的累积。”3.【答案】failure改为fail【解析】本题考查语法规则及词汇用法。句意为“每个人都有权利失败”。句中“失败”应用动词形式，而“failure”是名词，故应该改为“fail”。4.【答案】in改为at【解析】本题考查固定搭配。“努力学”或“努力做”应为“work hard at.”而非“work hard in.”。5.【答案】out改为from【解析】本题同样考查固定搭配。动词“shield”的用法与“prevent”相似，“shield sb from.”意为“让某人接触不到，让某人避开”。把“out”改为“from”之后句意通顺。6.【答案】if改为though【解析】本题考查词汇用法。“even if”与“even though”均可表示“尽管”，但“even if”用于假设的情况而“even though”用于现实。本句意为“有位母亲把孩子摆得乱七八糟的桌子说成完美。”此句描述的情况是实际发生的事情，作者以此为例说明家长的一些不正确的态度，因此不能使用表示假设的“even if”,应把“if”改为“though”。7.【答案】are改为is【解析】本句考查语法规则。需要注意的是本句的主语是“trouble”而非“failureprevention devices”,所以谓语动词应用单数形式。8.【答案】with改为for【解析】本题考查语义逻辑与固定搭配。练习前文可知，句意应为“家长对待孩子失败的不正确态度会使得孩子对于真实的世界没有准备”。应使用词组“prepare for”表示“为作准备”。9.【答案】impossible改为possible【解析】本题考查语义逻辑。不难看出作者的观点是即便不能获胜，参与的过程也是有趣且有益的，故应把“impossible”改为“possible”。10.【答案】does改为is【解析】本题考查语法规则及语义理解。通过理解整句的意思可以发现，主语“child”与动词“invite”之间应为被动的关系，意为“一个没有被邀请参加生日宴的孩子会觉得难受”，因此应该把“does”改为“is”,用“is invited”构成被动。考点总结题号改前改后语法规则词汇用法固定搭配语义逻辑指代关系1telltells2soso that3failurefail4inat5outfrom6ifthough7areis8withfor9impossiblepossible10doesis模拟练习六There are always lots of job hunters filling out applicationsfor every position. So how do you get notice in the crowd?1.Make a onepage resume that lists your name, address,phone number, education and previous work experience.Include any awards you have won and special activitiesyou have been involved in them, and dont forget special skills2.such as foreign language ability, type or computer knowledge.3.If you have had other jobs before, get a letter of referencefrom your former boss where states what a good worker you are.4.Or make a list of references people who can vouch to5.your abilities, experience and good characters.6.Former teachers, bosses and clergy make good reference.Relatives not. Make sure your references know7.you are using their names, or they will say good things8.about you. If an employer likes your application, he or shemay call you in for an interview. Be prepared!Think about the kinds of questions an employer might askyou during the interview. Some will be basic: previous work experience,education and skills. Other need a little more thought.9.You may be asked things about “What are your strengths?” or10.“Why do you want to work here?” practice your answers.【答案及解析】1.【答案】notice改为noticed【解析】本题考查语法规则。由句子结构可知，“notice”在句中不作谓语，所以应该使用动词的非谓语形式。句子要表达的意思是“怎样使自己受到关注”，可见“关注”与“you”之间为被动关系，应把“notice”改为“noticed”,使用动词的过去分词。2.【答案】去掉them【解析】本句考查语法规则。“you have been involved in”是定语从句，从句先行词为“activities”,关系词“which/that”被省略。根据定语从句的要求，指代“activities”的“them”应去掉。3.【答案】type改为typing【解析】本题同样考查语法规则。本句“such as”之后列举的是一些应该写入简历的内容，几项内容是并列关系，都应该用名词或名词性词组来表达，故应将动词“type”改为动名词“typing”。4.【答案】where改为that【解析】本题考查语法规则。句中包含的从句并非状语从句而是以“reference”为先行词的定语从句，故而不可使用“where”而应改为“that”。5.【答案】to改为for【解析】本题考查固定搭配。通过理解句意可知，推荐人应该是能为你的能力、经验及性格作担保的人。动词“vouch”意为“担保，证明”，“为做担保或证明”应选择介词“for”而非“to”。6.【答案】characters改为character【解析】本题考查词汇用法。很明显“character”在句中的意思是“性格”，而本句中涉及的“your”为单数，故应把“characters”改为“character”。7.【答案】not改为dont【解析】本题考查语义理解及语法规则。前一句提到某些人适合做推荐人，本句表达的意思“为亲属不适合做推荐人”。由句意可以判断，本句完整形式应为“Relatives dont make good reference.”与前句重复的部分“make good reference”被省略了，故“not”应改为“dont”。8.【答案】or改为and【解析】本题考查语义逻辑。在请人为自己做保时必须同时满足两个条件，即推荐人应知道你使用他们的名义；确保他们会给你好的评价。这两点应为并列关系而非选择关系，故应将“or”改为“and”。9.【答案】other改为others【解析】本题考查词汇用法及指代关系。上句提到，一些问题是比较简单的，本句意为其它问题需要考虑。此处应用“others”来指“other questions”，因为“other”单独不能表示其它人或物。10.【答案】about改为like【解析】本题考查词汇用法及语义逻辑。“about”意为“关于”，即其后应出现某事的主题或纲要等内容，而本句中出现的是完整的问题，故不能使用“about”,应改为“like”,表示列举。考点总结题号改前改后语法规则词汇用法固定搭配语义逻辑指代关系1noticenoticed2in themin3typetyping4wherethat5tofor6characterscharacter7notdont8orand9otherothers10aboutlike模拟练习七If one person can be said to have led the world intothe age of technological it was Thomas Elva Edison.1.Not only did he invent and perfect many of the technologiesvital to the modern worldincluding the electric light,the motion picture camera and the first sound recordingshe also sets the standard for how research and development2.is done today. Edisons mostknown saying goes: “Genius is3.one percent inspiration and 99 percent perspiration.”This belief is his religion: he worked day to night4.for much of his life. At the time he died in 1931,5.he had patented over 1,100 inventions. Some were entirelyhis own, but many were improvements he made6.to the inventions of others. Edisons career began in New York,in 1869, when he was 22 years old. He arrived in the city with nothingbut the shirt on his back. It came out that the old family friends7.he had hoped would help him had move on; consequently,Edison found himself out on the street. He ended up sl