教你写满分四级作文.docx

议论文常用句型 There is much controversy about who should be responsible for youth drug use. People from different backgrounds hold different opinions on whether visas should be banned or not. There are two viewpoints about whether it is good to change job constantly. Views towards brain drain (人才流失)vary from person to person. There has been much disagreement over the rejection of capital punishment.l 观点评述题型 1. 人们从不同的角度看待某一事物2. 我的看法是(说明理由) 模版1段1 Some people believe (argue, recognize, think) that (观点1.) But other people take an opposite side. They firmly believe that (观点2.) As for me, I agree to the former/latter idea. 段2 There are a dozen of reasons behind my belief. First of all, (论据1.) More importantly, (论据2.) Most important of all, (论据3.) 段3 In summary, (总结观点). As a college student, I am supposed to (表决心).模版2段1 There is no consensus of opinions among people about X（争论的焦点）。Some people are of the view that (观点1)，while others take an opposite side, firmly believing that (观点2).As far as I am concerned, the former/latter notion is preferable in many senses. The reasons are obvious. 段2 First of all, (论据1).Furthermore, (论据2).段3 Among all of the supporting evidences, one is the strongest. That is, (论据3).Example My Way of Seeing Life1. 人们从不同的角度看待人生2. 我所推崇的看法是(说明理由)1) Life may be many things to many people. 2) Some may see it as building up as much material wealth as possible while others may view it as enjoying to the fullest the pleasures each day offers. 3) As far as I am concerned, however, I would prefer to value it as my sole chance to enrich myself with knowledge first, then to serve the society with all my heart, and finally to leave the world without any regrets. 4) My outlook on life is bound up with three major factors. 5) Primarily, life is so wondrous that I am eager to explore it. 6) Set your heart on a mystery and you can find something new; attach more of your mind to a challenge and you can get a sense of success, all of which, however, depends on how much knowledge you have equipped yourself with first. 7) Secondly, life is also short to any individual like me. 8) The flower you have just kissed for the first time is now fading away while the love from others you have come to cherish more is already on the wane. 9) And most of all, both wondrousness and shortness of life push me to seize every golden minute and every golden chance. 10) Once I idle away the time I am supposed to grasp to study or work for the people, there will be no more hope of making up for it.11) I have much option in this matter, but I have never found any other way of seeing life more reasonable and acceptable than mine. 12) Thus, I will leave no stone unturned during the course of my college studies in order to pave the way for my meaningful and colorful life. l 批驳观点型 What Attitude Should We Take to Sth1. 社会上对某事物的错误观念2. 分析批驳其错误所在3. 给出如何看待该事物的建议写作模式1) With the arrival / birth of , sth is becoming more and more in our life. 2) Hit / Affected with this trend, some / many people come to believe / contend that .(错误观念) 3) But their viewpoint / belief could not arouse any echo in my mind.(作者的立场) 4) It is true that sth is a key ingredient in ones (让步法分析) 5) On any scale of , in fact, there is almost nothing heavier than sth. 6) If we see sth in its true colors, however, it is nothing but (批驳分析I) 7) . (进一步阐述) 8) And moreover, laying any undue stress on sth may lead one to , as can be easily seen in the cases of (批驳分析II) 9) Therefore, it is necessary to take a correct attitude towards sth. 10) On the one hand, (正确看法I) 11) On the other, (正确看法II) 12) In sum, sth means but not to our life. (结论句) Example What Attitude Should We Take to Money1) With the arrival of market-based economy, money is becoming more and more important in our life. 2) Hit with this trend, many people come to believe that money is above everything else in their life. 3) But their belief could not arouse any echo in my mind. 4) It is true that money is a key ingredient in ones struggle towards happiness, without which, for example, there would be no way to go to college or form a family. 5) On any scale of ones daily worry, in fact, there is almost nothing heavier than money. 6) If we see it in its true colors, however, money is nothing but a means to an end. 7) Money can buy us food, but not appetite; medicine, but not health; diplomas, but not knowledge; and days of joy, but not the whole life of happiness. 8) And moreover, laying any undue stress on money may lead one to stop at nothing in making it, as can be easily seen in the cases of most corrupt officials. 9) Therefore, it is necessary to take a correct attitude towards money. 10) On the one hand, money is vital to our daily life, in which case, it is wise of you to spend not where you may save. 11) On the other, money is something to be plowed into something more important, so it is better to spare not where you must spend. 12) In sum, money means something but not everything to our life.l 分析建议类Effects of Sth on Sb / Sth Else1. 分析某事物的正面效应2. 分析某事物的负面效应3. 给出怎样对待该事物的建议写作模式1) As is known to all, sth does bring a lot of benefits to sb / sth else. 2) First, it can greatly strengthen , thereby changing for the better.(正面分析I) 3) Besides, it can make /render sb. / sth else better able to (正面分析II) 4) And best of all, it can help sb(正面分析III) 5）But all the above does not mean / follow that we can turn a blind eye to the negative effects sth brings about. 6） If, as a succession of scientific studies reveals / implies / suggests, there are more chances that (负面分析I) 7) In addition, the more ., the worse. (负面分析II) 8) And worst of all, (负面分析III) 9) Therefore, a scientific approach must be adopted to the problem of sth.10) On the one hand, (建议I) 11) On the other, . (建议II) 12) In sum, sth can do sb. / sth. else good or harm, all depending on (结论句) Example The Effects of Exercise on Our Health1) As is known to all, exercise does bring a lot of benefits to our health. 2) First, it can greatly strengthen our hearts, lungs, bones and muscles, thereby changing our whole health for the better. 3) Besides, it can make our brains better able to react to what is going on around us. 4) And best of all, it can help us breed optimism about our tough life.5) But all the above does not mean that we can turn a blind eye to the negative effects exercise brings about. 6) If you are normally inactive and then, contrary to your usual habit, start a program of undue exercise, as a succession of scientific studies reveals, there are more chances that you have yourself injured. 7) In addition, the more exercise those on a fat-reducing diet take, the more loss of iron they will suffer and the worse their health will get. 8) And worst of all, continual as well as excessive exercise can result in sudden death. 9) Therefore, a scientific approach must be adopted to the problem of exercise. 10) On the one hand, our physical exercise must be based on both progressiveness and regularity. 11) On the other, we must go in for physical exercise according to local as well as health conditions of our own. 12) In sum, exercise can do us good or harm, all depending on how we make use of it.l 原因分析类 What Causes Something New1. 近几年在社会上出现了2. 导致该现象的原因3. 分析该现象的社会影响写作模式Para.1: 1) Believe it or not/Like it or not, these years have witnessed a boom in/a popularity (resurgence/worsening/crisis/ decline/growth/revival/spread) ofin our society/on the Chinese campus. 2) According to, people, especially college students, are showing more and more interest in 3) To get a better sense of it, it is necessary for us to find out its causes. Para.2: 4) A closer analysis/study/ observation of the phenomenon can find that three main factors are well worth our concern/should call for more of our concern. 5) In the first place, it is the product of, for which(原因I) 6) In the second, it is seen, among, as an ideal way of, since (原因II) 7) And above all, it is an inevitable result of(原因III) 8) While, in fact,Para.3: 9) The effects of this change on our social/college life are positive/ negative/a mixed one. 10) On the one hand,.(分析I) 11) On the other,.(分析II) 12) With more and moreadded / attached to the trend, I am fully convinced / I am deeply worried, it will certainly / is bound toin the time to come.Example What Causes a Boom in Celebrating Foreign Festivals?1. 近几年大学校园出现了 一股过洋节热。2. 阐明导致该现象的原因。3. 分析该现象的社会影响。Para. 1: 1) Believe it or not, these years have witnessed a boom in celebrating foreign festivals on the Chinese campus. 2) According to an official report/survey, young people, especially college students, are showing more and more interest in such festivals as Valentines Day, April Fools Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day. 3) To get a better sense of the boom, it is necessary for us to find out its causes. Para. 2: 4) A closer analysis of the phenomenon can find that three main factors are well worth our concern. 5) In the first place, it is the product of students seeking after individuality and novelty, for which the college campus offers an ideal climate. (原因I) 6) In the second, it is seen, among the students, as an ideal way of freeing themselves from stress for the time being, since most college students, single child of each family, are subjected to the unprecedented pressures from all sides although they enjoy the abundance of material wealth. (原因II) 7) And above all, it is an inevitable result of more and more exchanges between Western and Eastern cultures. (原因III) 8) While the Chinese watch their children thirst for the joy derived from foreign festivals, in fact, the Americans are discussing whether or not to list the Chinese Spring Festival among their official holidays.Para. 3: 9) The effects of this change on our college life are positive. 10) On the one hand, it has created more chances for students to gain a better insight into other cultures. (分析I) 11) On the other, it has enriched the college life, thus making the campus a more pleasant place to live on. (分析II) 12) With more and more health and color added to the trend, I firmly believe, it will certainly bring more benefits to our campus life in the time to come.l 各抒己见类 Views on Something1. 有人认为该事物 理由是(Some people are in favor of the idea of doing X. They point out the fact that 支持X 的第一个原因。They also argue that 支持X 的另一个原因) 2. 也有人认为该事物(However, other people stand on a different ground. They consider it harmful to do X. They firmly point out that 反对X 的第一个理由。 An example can give the details of this argument: 一个例子。)3. 我的看法(There is some truth in both arguments. But I think the advantages of X overweigh the disadvantages. In addition to the above-mentioned negative effects it might bring about, X also may X 的有一个坏处。)写作模式1) Almost everyone would agree that the birth / appearance / arrival / development of sth. 2) But this agreement ceases to exist just when it comes to(议论的主题) (Para. I)3) Many / Some people contend / believe / argue that (一方观点) 4) They base their contention / belief / argument on the grounds that (理由I) 5）Besides, as they often point out, . (理由II) 6）Yet others react to the issue / matter the other way around and hold / assert that the opposite is just reasonable / more acceptable. (另一方观点) 7) From their angle of view, (理由I) 8) And even worse, as they claim, (理由II) (Para. II) 9) I am of / adhere to / stick to the opinion / view / truth that anything new, including, can bring human society fortunes / merits / advantages or misfortunes / demerits / disadvantages, all depending on . (我的看法) 10) On the one hand, (理由I) 11) But on the other, . (理由II) 12) In short, the key / solution to the problem is always controlled in (结论句) l 对比分析类 My Choice between Sth. and Sth. Else1. 在两个事物之间作出你的选择2. 对比说明你的选择理由写作模式Para.1: 1) With a gradual/sharp growth (decline/worsening/progress/arrival) of/in sth., people become more and more concerned about how to 2) To make it, some prefer towhile others choose to 3) If I were asked to make a choice between the two, however, I would like to attach more weight to the latter/former than to the former/latter.Para.2: 4) It is true that _ does ensure/ bring a lot of for one, such as, but, compared with _, it seems less attractive to me. 5) To begin with, , thereby (理由I) 6) By contrast, , thus 7) Besides, , in which context (理由II) 8) In contrast to that, , in which case 9) And the most striking difference between both lies in (理由III) 10) while/whereas (对比说明)Para 3: 11) From the comparisons and contrasts above, anyone can conclude that my insight into / my way of is more reasonable and acceptable. 12) Therefore, I will from today on so as to Sample 1 1: 雅典奥运会后，关于获奖运动员高薪的问题引起了社会的广泛关注。 2：有些人支持这种做法，认为运动员们付出了很多，赢得回报；有些人则持反对意见。 3：我的观点 Should Olympic Athletes Get High SalariesAfter the Olympic Games in Athens, Greece, the topic of whether it is fair for athletes to pocket large sums of money from their Olympic participation is arousing more and more interest from the public. Those who support high salaries for these athletes may offer some of the following reasons. Firstly, just as the old saying goes, “no pains, no gains.” The athletes in the Olympic Games must have undergone painstaking physical and psychological training. It naturally follows that they deserve commensurate compensation for these sacrifices. Whats more, they make significant contributions to a positive international reputation for their home countries. This gives them yet another reason to deserve monetary compensation in addition to the advantages already offered them. The main reason that the naysayers often have is that they do little to boost the national economy directly, and thus should not receive compensation of the monetary kind. Even the naysayers admit, however, that these athletes do offer a lot of positive encouragement to young people in persuading them to participate in physical activity. As for me, I side with the supporters of greater compensation for Olympic athletes. The more we give, the more we deserve to have. On account of all the time and energy they spend in rigorous training, I firmly believe that they should get high salaries.Sample 2 1：我们经常在公共场合见到各种不道德的行为，叙述你的一次相关经历。 2：这些不文明的行为会有哪些影响。 3：我们应该怎样改善这种现象。 Immoral Behavior in PublicTo witness immoral behavior in public, one need only visit the Beijing subway. I still remember the first time I took the Beijing subway. It was an early morning. I was in a hurry to go to school. When I was trying to get a ticket, I found a lot of people waiting in front of me, but nobody was in the line. Immoral behaviors in public exert a series of problems. One of the most serious ones is that it may exert a negative impact on our sense of social responsibility. We will keep ignoring other peoples rights and feelings, and in turn, we too will be disrespected some day. The improvement of this phenomenon is certainly not easy. With an eye on practical implementation and cost effectiveness, I propose that society make it clear in every way that people who fail to respect the common good will be seriously punished. Stricter policies for this should be made to correct this phenomenon as soon as possible. 应对多变的写作类型1.倒扣分、书面语和多变题型的挑战四六级写作分别要求120和150个单词，半个小时内完成，共15分。在考试时考生会因为缺乏观点和语言表达而倍受煎熬。四六级同学在语言表达质量上没有太大差异，因而阅卷过程中四六级除了字数要求，其它方面的标准都一样。实际操作中发现考生的作文普遍出现三大“营养不良现象”；第一，观点雷同，思维幼稚；第二，汉语思维的英文翻译，在拼写和语法上漏洞百出；第三，语言简陋，表达上闪光点乏善可陈。这就使大批作文陷入中低档的4-9分陷阱，而6分以下作文又难逃倒扣分的虎口，以至于得分3分的作文，实际分数为0分。历年考试中对语言表达很重视，议论文要求采用书面语的文体，而考生的创作难以体现出书面语的特征，往往是大量举事例，过去时与现在时混在一起，大学阶段学习的词汇、词组和句型都未能学以致用。此外，从2001年起作文部分开始追求多变的命题方式，已经考察过议论文、说明加议论、叙述加议论、图表作文和书信作文。写作的应用语体也成为命题专家的一个考核方式，这些变化都对考生形成了挑战。突破要略四六级作文和口语、听力的学习规律一样，即 “Practice makes perfect”，不练则不进。写作是一种思想和语言的双重创造过程。既要练习思维观点拓展，又要练习语言表达应用。平时训练时先要进行提纲创作练习。不管遇到任何题目，都要努力进行思维拓展，对与主题相关的现状、问题、原因、数据、事例、分类、意义、建议、趋势、后果和评价进行联想思考，之后形成提纲框架，在第二段中分成2-3个方面加以论述，设置概括性的段首句，再通过事例、原因和数据变化加以引申。如果可能的话可以采用自问自答法开头，谚语名言式结尾，文章中还可以设置定语从句、插入语、状语从句和倒装平行结构加大句子难度。细节上可以考虑某些词组和句型的使用。对于图表作文，可以掌握表格图、圆形图、柱壮图和曲线图的基本特征，熟练应用表示“上升”、“下降”、“稳定”、“显著”、“微弱”和“倍数”的基本术语。书信作文和提纲作文大同小异，无非确定好对收信人语气是否正式，之后针对书信的提纲，扩充细节和内容，格式一般不成为考点。长期的写作复习要以造句练习和英汉互译为主，通过千锤百炼打造扎实的语言应用基本功。而短期突破较难，背范文和背句型框架只能针对模式化的提纲和图表短作文，而不能灵活应对主题或形式的变化，死记硬背只能造成写作语言雷同或畸形，争取9分易，13分难。不管形式有何变化，语言表达的精确性和精彩性仍然是得分的关键，因此专家们普遍认为写作提高长途多，捷径少。少数机械的句型尽管很正规，但语法上错误百出和表达上用词不当就会使问题全面暴露出来。建议考生平时除了忙于做词汇阅读选择题，还要充分重视造句和英汉互译练习，多模仿优秀的句子和段落创作，精彩的词和词组只要经过造句就可能达到熟练应用的境界。考试前两周要分析一些高分范文的结构、观点和语言闪光点，背诵一些优秀的句子，对写作部分来说等于增加了营养，提高了技术。一、 四六级写作技法和策略1 对应法由于四六级写作都是提纲式写作，有时，我们可以采用对应法按照中文提纲分别写成三段。如：96年6月份考题：提纲：1） 有人认为淡水是取之不尽的。（雨水、河水、井水）2） 实际上淡水是非常紧缺的。（人口增加、工业用水增加）3） 我们应该怎么办？2 调整法尽管是提纲式写作，提纲所提示的只是文章所要包括的主要内容，却不是文章的结构模式，一般情况下，同学们应根据英语文章的类型，重新安排文章。如上面有关钱的一个写作，按照英语的表达习惯，最好是加上一个引子。 二、 首段和尾段的写作上一讲中我们介绍了段落的扩展模式，也就是说，我们已经了解了文章中间一部分的叙述模式。根据四六级写作的特点，一般首段和尾段都要自己补上，那么怎么才能写好首尾段呢，下面我介绍一下，首尾段的写作方式。1首段的写作 首段的写作方式一般为：1) 运用事实性信息、调查或故事等引出话题，2）导入主题，然后提出自己的观点，也就是文章的论点。 首段开篇的方式常见的有：1） 谚语法：由于谚语一般已经被大家所接受，用谚语提出自己的观点也容易被读者所接受。 2） 定义法：定义法是通过对文章中的关键词做一些简单或正面或反面的解释，限定其范围，这样比较有利于引出主题。3） 提问法：通过提问一个或一连串的问题，可以激发读者的兴趣，从而引出主题。4） 概括法：概括法指先总结文章内容所涉及的现状，然后引出主题。 5） 故事法：故事法指用简单有趣的故事激发读者的兴趣，从而提出自己的观点。如下面Is Stress a Bad Thing? 6） 引语法7） 调查法：为了得到读者的认可，文章的开始可以引出调查数据等，借以提出主题。 8） 假设法：假设法是指通过假设提出一种选择，交代文章要涉及的问题，从而提出文章的主题。 9） 综合法：具体写作时，同学们没有必要拘泥于一种方式，可以将上述方法总和起来。 2 结论段的写作 结论一般采用归纳概括、主题重述或提建议等方式。常见的方式有： 1） 重述或总结主题：重述主题指于结论处以另外一种表达方式重申主题，与首段照应。 2） 提出建议3） 概括总结4） 引用名人名言5)综合法：与首段一样，结论段也可以是多种方法的综合。一般说来，总结加建议的比较多。 3转承语的使用：根据不同的段落要求，选择适当的转承语 1) 比较对照 比较：like A, B