第三章 动词.doc

第三章 动词一、 动词的定义二、 动词的分类1.2.三、 名词的研究意义四、 时态1. 一般现在时2. 现在进行时3. 一般过去时4. 过去进行时5. 一般现在完成时6. 一般过去完成时注意：7. 现在完成进行时和过去完成进行时和现在完成时的区别以及和现在进行时的区别 I am painting this room/ I have painted this room/ I have been painting this room.和过去完成时的区别以及和过去进行时的区别When I got home, I found that Jill was painting this room./ When I got home, I found that Jill had painted this room./ When I got home, I found that Jill had been painting this room.8. 一般将来时9. 将来进行时感受下列句子： A space vehicle will be circling Jupiter in five years time.10. 一般将来完成时和将来完成进行时 结构： 意义： 从将来的角度看已经过去/ 表示某种状况一直持续到说话人所提及的时间 I will have retired by the year2020. I expect you will have changed your mind by tomorrow.By this time next week, I will have been working this company for 24 years.练习：一、单选1. The new secretary is supposed to report to the manager as soon as she _.A. will arrive B. arrives C. is arriving D. is going to arrive2. My dictionary_. I have looked for it everywhere but still _ it.A. has lost; dont find B. is missing; dont findC. has lost; havent found D. is missing; havent found3. I have won a holiday for two to Florida, I _ my mum.A. am taking B. have taken C. take D. will have taken4. E-mail, as well as telephones, _ an important part in daily communication.A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play5. The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once_ with each other.A. they had quarreled B. they have quarreled C. have they quarreled D. had they quarreled6. Mary _ a dress when she cut her finger.A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes7. My uncle _ until he was forty-five.A. married B. didnt marry C. was not marrying D. would marry8. - I am sorry to keep you waiting.- Oh, not at all. I _ here only a few minutes.A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be9. I can guess you were in a hurry. You _ your sweater inside out.A. had worn B. wore C. are wearing D. were wearing10. The thief tried to break away from the policeman who _ him but failed.A. held B. had held C. would hold D. was holding11. I_ up here night after night for weeks now, you see, I _ to give you a surprise.A. have come; hoped B. have been coming; hoped C. have come; was hopingD. have been coming; was hoping12. It was _ I met Dr. Wu in Beijing.A. five years B. five years before C. five years ago that D. five years when13. He said that he would write to us but so far we _ from him.A. havent heard B. didnt hear C. should not hear D hadnt hear14. Mrs. Brown is forgetful but she _ her key.A. has already lost B. is always losing C. hasnt lost D. never loses15. By the time you arrive in New York, you will _ for two weeks.A. be away B. have been away C. go away D. have gone away16. Do I have to take this medicine? It _ so terrible.A. tastes B. is tasting C. is tasted D. has tasted17. Did you tell you brother where she _? Yes, but I did tell him she _ until next week.A. has gone; wont come homeB. went; dont come homeC. had been; wouldnt come homeD. had gone; wouldnt come home18. I _ here to see you when I met with the accident.A. came B. had come C. have come D. was coming19. - Tom looks unhappy. - Yes, he _ to get his girl friend a new dress, but he _ his wallet.A. had planned; would lose B. had planned; lost C. was planning; would loseD. has planned; lost20. - Excuse me, sir. Would you do me a favor? - of course. What is it? - I _ if you could tell me how to fill this form.A. had wondered B. was wondering C. would wonder D. did wonder二、句子翻译1. 我戒烟前每天要抽20支烟。2. 我五月份见过玛丽，此后我就没有再见过她了。3. 到昨天傍晚他都还没有做完作业。4. 我走下出租车，付了车费，给了司机小费，就跑进火车站去。 I got out of the taxi, paid the fare, tipped the driver and dashed into the station5. 明天的这个时候，我将正在海滩上躺着。6. 到了下个星期此刻，我已经开了30年的出租车了。7. 不知你能否在英语学习上告诉我一些捷径。8. 他觉得他的数学老师总是刁难他。9. 我于1980年退休后就搬到这里。我自退休后就一直住在这儿。三、用适当的动词形态填空When we _ (return) from our holidays, we _(find) our house in a mess. What _(happen) while we _(be)away? A burglar _(break) into the house and _(steal) a lot of our things. The burglar _(get) in through the kitchen window. He _(have) no difficulty in forcing it open. Then he _(go) into the living-room动词的语气 陈述语气略一、 祈使语气1. 祈使语气的形式2. 祈使语气的用法3. 祈使语气与附加疑问句的连用Stop fiddling with that TV, will you?Post this letter for me, can you?Come in, will you?Dont tell anyone I told you, will you?二、 虚拟语气1. 虚拟语气的定义2. 对使用虚拟语气的判断3. 基本结构 与现在事实相反和与将来事实相反 与过去事实相反比较下列句子：哪一个正确？If you had followed the doctors advice, you would be all right now.If you had followed the doctors advice, you would have been all right then.If he had prepared well for his lessons yesterday, he wouldnt have so many difficulties now.4. 虚拟条件句中的省略与倒桩条件：If I should know this matter, I would let you know.= Should I know this matter, I would let you know.If they had made preparations, they would have finished it on time.=Had they made preparations, they would have finished it on time.5. 判断下列句子是否使用了虚拟语气, 如果是请转化为if 引导的句子。I was busy last week, otherwise I would have come to see youI would have given you more time, but I was so pressured then.I would have called you, but I forgot your telephone number.6. 一些重要词的用法Suggest:他建议她立即着手处理这件事情。他的脸色表明他生气了。领导的语调暗示他对这件事情很关心。Insist :他坚称他是无辜的。他坚决要求他们在进入之前出示相关文件。Wish:练习：一、 单选题1. You didnt let me help. If we _ together, you _ so tired.A. worked; didnt get B. worked; wouldnt getC. were working; wouldnt get D. had worked; wouldnt have got2. There _ no life on the earth without sunlightA. is B. will C. would be D. can be3. I was away that day. Otherwise I _ the lecture.A. had attended B. would have attended C. would attend D. attended4. His suggestion that you _ once more sounds reasonable.A. try B. tries C. must try D. can try5. Its a pity that he _ so careless.A. was B. will be C. should be D. can be6. The whole family greeted me as though I _ a member of the family.A. am B. were C. would be D. have be7. Even though Lin Fei _here, I _ say the same thing.A. were; should B. is; would C. will be; should D. had been; would8. You _ have told him the bad news, which made things even worse.A. shouldnt B. neednt C. couldnt D. wouldnt9. He remained very calm, otherwise he _.A. would been found outB. would have been found outC. would find outD. would have found out10. You didnt invite John to the party?_ him, too?A. Should I invite B. Should I have invited C. Must I invite D. Must I have invited11. Sometimes I think how grateful I would be today if I _ more back in high school about what really matters.A. had learned B. learned C. did learn D. would learn三、 将下列句子用虚拟语气改写1. I am not in London, so I can not visit Big Ben. 2. He wants to fire that irresponsible librarian, but he cannot do that because he isnt the director.3. You have never been without a job, so you dont know what the unemployed have to go through.4. The fire brigade arrived in time, so the building was not destroyed.5. They used up-to-date computers, so they completed the investigation in just three weeks.6. They dont really know her, so they dont understand why she has chosen to work in the countryside. 四、翻译完成下面的句子1. They wouldnt give up trying even if _(他们再次失败).2. Even if the patient had insisted on taking overdoses of painkiller, _(医生也不会同意的).3. If you knew what it was like to be hungry, _(你就不会如此浪费粮食).五、 翻译下列句子我叔叔说他要是年轻五岁，他一定读个博士。迈克. 戴尔要是没有退学而是完成了大学学业，他会干得更好吗？我希望的是： 我关心别人，也被别人关怀。 我觉得这要求并不高。要不是有人造卫星和计算机这些高科技通讯设备，新闻和信息不可能传播得如此之快。他相信要不是因为有残疾， 他或许还不会取得这样大的成绩。 情态动词一、 情态动词的范围及形式二、 情态动词的功能1. 主要功能2. 次要功能Mightmaycouldcanshouldought to-would-will-must四、 情态动词的用法1. can/could特殊用法：a.b.c.2. may/might 用法a.b.c.3. must/have to的用法a.b.c.4. will/shallWill you?Shall I ?/shall we?5. ought to / shouldOught to /should作应该或者应当讲特殊用法：6. had better否定式：7.would 和used toWould:Used to8.dare和needDare:注意：Need:注意：练习：一、 单选1. A computer _ think for itself, it must be told what to do. A. cant B. couldnt C. may not D. might not2. - I promised her daughter _ get a nice present on her birthday._Will it be a big surprise to her?A. should B. must C. would D. shall3. What is wrong with your pen?The ink _ come out.A. cant B. doesnt C. hasnt D. wont4. Are you coming to Jeffs party?I am not sure. I _ go to the concert instead.A. must B. would C. should D. might5. -There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well.-It _ a comfortable journey.A. cant be B. shouldnt be C. mustnt have been D. couldnt have been6. -I hear you have got a set of valuable Australian coins. _ I have a look?-Yes, certainly.A. Do B. May C. Shall D. Should7. -Did you visit the famous museum?-No, we_, but we spent too much time shopping.A. could have visited B. must have visited C. cant have visited D. shouldnt have visited8. I wonder how he _ that to the teacher.A. dare to say B. dare saying C. not dare say D. dared say9. We _ last night, but we went to the concert instead.A. must have studied B. might study C. should have studied D. would study10. Jack _ yet, otherwise he would have telephoned me.A. mustnt have arrived B. shouldnt have arrived C. cant have arrived D. need not have arrived11. English is a language that many people around the world _ not speak perfectly but _ at least understand.A. may, can B. would, might C. will, must D. could, might12. The train was ten minutes late, so I _ have run all the way from my house to the station.A. couldnt B. shouldnt C. neednt D. mustnt13.