UNIX Shell编程.ppt

UNIXShell ScriptingBasics Agenda Whatisashell Ashellscript IntroductiontobashRunningCommandsAppliedShellProgramming Whatisashell Whatisashell bin bash Whatisashell bin bash Whatisashell Whatisashell AnyProgramButthereareafewpopularshells BourneShells bin sh bin bash Bourne AgainShell SteveBourne OtherCommonShells CShell bin csh TurboCShell bin tcsh KornShell bin ksh Anaside WhatdoImeanby bin CShell bin csh TurboCShell bin tcsh KornShell bin ksh Anaside WhatdoImeanby bin bin usr bin usr local bin sbin usr sbin usr local sbin tmp dev home borwicjh WhatisaShellScript ATextFileWithInstructionsExecutable WhatisaShellScript cat hello sh MY PROGRAM bin shecho Hello world MY PROGRAM chmod xhello sh hello shHello world WhatisaShellScript ATextFile cat hello sh MY PROGRAM bin shecho Hello world MY PROGRAM chmod xhello sh hello shHello world Anaside Redirection cat tmp myfilecat tmp myfilecat2 tmp myerrcat tmp x2 1 0 1 2 WhatisaShellScript HowToRun cat hello sh MY PROGRAM bin shecho Hello world MY PROGRAM chmod xhello sh hello shHello world WhatisaShellScript WhatToDo cat hello sh MY PROGRAM bin shecho Hello world MY PROGRAM chmod xhello sh hello shHello world WhatisaShellScript Executable cat hello sh MY PROGRAM bin shecho Hello world MY PROGRAM chmod xhello sh hello shHello world WhatisaShellScript Runningit cat hello sh MY PROGRAM bin shecho Hello world MY PROGRAM chmod xhello sh hello shHello world Findingtheprogram PATH hello shechovs usr bin echo echo PATH bin usr bin usr local bin home borwicjh bin whichecho usr bin echo VariablesandtheEnvironment hello shbash hello sh Commandnotfound PATH PATH hello shHello world Anaside Quoting echo USER USER echo USER borwicjh echo echo deacnet sct deacnet sct echo VariablesandtheEnvironment env variablespassedtosub programs NEW VAR Yes echo NEW VARYes env PATHbutnotNEW VAR exportNEW VAR env PATHandNEW VAR WelcometoShellScripting Shebang TheEnvironment PATH Input Output andError chmod HowtoLearn manmanbashmancatmanmanman kman kmanualLearningtheBashShell 2ndEd BashReference Cardshttp www tldp org LDP abs html Introductiontobash ContinuingLines echoThis Is A Very Long CommandLineThisIsAVeryLongCommandLine ExitStatus 0isTrue ls does not exist echo 1 echo 0 ExitStatus exit cat test sh TEST exit3 TEST chmod xtest sh test sh echo 3 Logic test test1 lt10 echo 0 test1 10 echo 1 Logic test test 1 lt10 thisstring this 1 10 Logic test f etc passwd f etc passwd f etc passwd a f etc shadow f etc passwd o f etc shadow Anaside forMath echo 1 2 3 echo 2 3 6 echo 1 3 0 Logic if ifsomethingthen elif acontractionof elseif elifsomething elsethen elsethen fi Logic if if USER eq borwicjh then elif acontractionof elseif elifls etc oratabthen elsethen fi Logic if seeifafileexistsif e etc passwd thenecho etc passwdexists elseecho etc passwdnotfound fi Logic for foriin123doecho idone Logic for foriin doecho Listing i ls l ireaddone Logic for foriin doecho Listing i ls l ireaddone Logic for foriin doecho Listing i ls l ireaddone Logic C stylefor for expr1 expr2 expr3 dolistdone Logic C stylefor LIMIT 10for a 1 a LIMIT a doecho n a done Logic while whilesomethingdo done Logic while a 0 LIMIT 10while a lt LIMIT doecho n a a a 1 done Counters COUNTER 0while e FILE COUNTER doCOUNTER COUNTER 1 doneNote racecondition ReusingCode Sourcing cat path to my passwords PW FTP USER sct PW echo FTP USER path to my passwords echo FTP USERsct VariableManipulation FILEPATH path to my output lis echo FILEPATH path to my output lis echo FILEPATH lis path to my output echo FILEPATH path to my output lis echo FILEPATH output lis Ittakesalongtimetobecomeabashguru RunningPrograms ReasonsforRunningPrograms CheckReturnCode GetJobOutputOUTPUT echo Hello OUTPUT echo Hello SendOutputSomewhereRedirection Pipes Pipes LotsofLittleToolsecho Hello wc c EmailNotification echo Message mail s Here syourmessage borwicjh wfu edu Dates DATESTRING date Y m d echo DATESTRING20060125 mandate FTPtheHardWay ftp n userver wfu edu FTP userusernamepasswordputFILE FTP FTPwithwget wget ftp user pass server wfu edu filewget r ftp user pass server wfu edu dir FTPwithcurl curl Tupload file uusername password ftp server wfu edu dir file Searching grep greprayra etc passwd grep rrayra etc grep rRAYRA etc grep riRAYRA etc grep rlirayra etc Searching find find home borwicjh name lis allfilesmatching lis find home borwicjh mtime 1 name lis lis ifmodifiedwithin24h manfind Searching locate locate lis fileswith lisinpath locatelog alsofinds var log messages AppliedShellProgramming MakeYourLifeEasier TABcompletionControl Rhistorycd StudyaUNIXEditor pushd popd cd tmp pushd var log var log tmp cd pwd var popd tmp Monitoringprocesses psps efps uoracleps Csshdmanps DOS ModeFiles usr bin bash MFTPtransferinASCII ordos2unixinfile outfile sqlplus JOB ZZZTEST PARAMS ZZZTEST PARAMS PARAMS USER BORWICJH sqlplus BANNER USER BANNER PW EOF setserveroutputonsetsqlprompt EXECUTEWF SATURN FZ Get Parameters JOB PARAMS PARAMS USER EOF sqlplus sqlplus USER PASS FILE SQL ARG1 ARG2 ARG3if ne0 thenexit1fiif e file sql should create then useSQL createdfile fiAskAmyLamy PassingArguments cat test sh TEST echo Yournameis 1 2 TEST chmo