笔译1-7单元习题.doc

第1章 综合练习及参考译文 1翻译下列句子注意斜体部分的表达并说明翻译的特点1) I took advice on the matter. 【译文】就此事我已征求过意见。2) 2) They are all of age. 【译文】他们都是成年人。3) 3) It has made the headlines that the presidents wife threatened her husbands with public exposure. 【译文】总统夫人说要公开揭发丈夫这件事成了头条新闻。 4) 4) He often talks horse. 【译文】她常吹牛。5) 5) They lingered long over his letter. 【译文】他们反复看了他的来信。 6) 6) Between ourselves, I dont think much of him. 【译文】咱们私下里说说我看那人不怎么样。7) 7) There is something in the wind. 【译文】好像要出事了。风里有些什么东西。8) 8) She has the making of a good teacher. 【译文】 她具有一个优秀教师的潜质。9) 9) You never realize how fortunate you are to have good health until it is suddenly brought home to you by the sight of suffering. 【译文】除非你亲眼目睹体弱多病之苦不然 你是不会意识到你有一个健康的身体有多好。10) 10) That notion is being nurtured by people. 【译文】有人在吹这种风。 11) 11) Dawn breaking over the islands, very beautiful in a soft grey light with many clouds. There is a transparency about the light here which cannot be described or painted. 【译文】曙色中的海岛美极了晨曦柔合彩云片片。澄澈的光影是无法描绘的。12) 12) From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs. 【译文】各尽所能各得所需。 13) 13) When we make friends, we should choose those who are our supporters in danger. (Aesop) 【译文】要交朋友要选那些我们遇到危险时支持我们的人。14) 14) Only a very slight and very scattering ripples of half-hearted hand-clapping greeted him. 【译文】欢迎他的只有几下半声不响的、七零八落的、虚情假意的掌声。15) 15) So long as we love we serve; so long as we are loved by others, I would almost say we are indispensable; and no man is useless while he has a friend. (Robert Louis Stevenson) 【译文】只要我们去爱人我们就有所贡献只要我们被人所爱我们就不缺少什么任何一个人如果有一个朋友那他就不是无用之人。16) 16) With determination, with luck, and with the help from lots of good people, I was able to rise from the ashes. 【译文】凭着我的决心我的运气还有许多善良人们的帮助我终于获得了新生。 17) 17) All the wisdom of the ages, all the stories that have delighted mankind for centuries, are easily and cheaply available to all of us within the covers of books. 【译文】古往今来人类的一切智慧结晶数百年来人们津津乐道的那些故事我们都可以轻松地从书本中得到。18) 18) Besides working to improve building structurepeople in areas where earthquakes are common should also prepare for the possibility of a great earthquake in several other aspects. 【译文】除了努力改进建筑结构外, 地震多发区的人们还应该在其它几个方面为可能发生的大地震做好准备。19) 19) I am filled with wonder when I consider the immeasurable contrast between the two lives which it connects. It was the third of March, 1887, three months before I was seven years old. 【译文】就是从这一天开始我的生活和以前全然不同一想到这个我就感到无比兴奋。这个重要的日子是1887年3月 3日当时我还差三个月才满七周岁。20) 20) The college student caught cheating does not even blush. He shrugs his shoulders and comments: “Everybody does it, and besides, I cant see that it really hurts anybody. (J. Krutch: The New Immorality) 【译文】那位大学生考试作弊被发现连脸都不红只是耸耸肩振振有词地说“大家都是这么干的。再说了我认为这不会损害任何人。” 21) 2翻译下列段落 22) I had scarcely passed my twelfth birthday when I entered the inhospitable regions of examinations, through which for the next seven years I was destined to journey. These examinations were a great trial to me. The subjects which were dearest to the examiners were almost invariably those I fancied least. I would have liked to have been examined in history, poetry and writing essays. The examiners, on the other hand, were partial to Latin and mathematics. And their will prevailed. 【译文】我一过12岁生日就步入了令人头疼的考试时期而且随后的7年竟注定一直在这区域跋涉。这些考试真让我伤透了脑筋。主考老师最喜欢考的科目几乎无一例外的都是我最不喜欢的科目。我喜爱历史、诗歌和写作可他们却喜欢拉丁文和数学而每次考试都是他们说了算。23) Moreover, the questions which they asked on both these subjects were almost invariably those to which I was unable to suggest a satisfactory answer. I should have liked to be asked to say what I knew. They always tried to ask what I did not know. When I would have willingly displayed my knowledge, they sought to expose my ignorance. This sort of treatment had only one result: I did not do well in examinations. 更可气的是他们在这两个科目上所提的问题又几乎全都是我无法做出满意答案的。我一直喜欢回答一些我所熟悉的东西可他们总是问一些我全都不知道的问题。我一直很想展现自己的才华可他们却变着法儿让我出丑。其结果是考试中我屡屡失败。24) During the past few years, scientists the world over have suddenly found themselves productively engaged in a task they once spent their lives avoiding writing, but particularly letter writing. Lured by electronic mails seductive blend of speed, convenience and economy, people who have never before touched the stuff are routinely, skillfully, even cheerfully tapping out a great deal of correspondence. 【译文】在最近几年中全世界的科学家们突然发现他们在高效率地从事着一种自己以前极不愿做的工作写作特别是信件的写作。由于电子邮件的速度快捷经济方便使得从未使用过的人也开始熟练地使用电子邮件处理日常事务甚至能高高兴兴地写出大量信函。25) Electronic networks, woven into the fabric of scientific communication these days, are the route to colleagues in distant countries, shared data, bulletin boards and electronic journals. Anyone with a personal computer, a modem and the software to link computers over telephone lines can sign on. An estimated five million scientists have done so, with more joining every day, most of them communicating through a bundle of interconnected domestic and foreign routes known collectively as the internet, or net. 当前电子网络已经融入现代科学交流中。通过电子网络人们可以和异国他乡的同事取得联系、分享数据、游览新闻简报和阅读电子杂志。不管是谁只要你有一台个人电脑一个调制解调器以及所需要的软件再把电话线连接到电脑上就能申请上网。目前大约已有500万科学家登记上网而且人数与日俱增绝大多数的科学家通过国内和国际线路进行通讯。这些线路称为“互联网”或简称“网”。 26) E-mail is starting to edge out the fax, the telephone, overnight mail and, of course land mail. It shrinks time and distance between scientific collaborators, in part because it is conveniently asynchronous (writers can type while their colleagues across time zones sleep; their message will be waiting). If it is not yet speed discoveries, it is certainly accelerating disclosures. 电子邮件正在逐步取代传真、电话、特快专递当然还有陆上邮件。它既缩短了科学合作者之间的距离又节省了通讯时间。其部分原因是因为它具有不同时性当发送的一方正在输入时居住在其他时区的接收方可能正在睡觉。传送的信息将在网上等待。因而带来方便。电子邮件即便是不能加速产生新的发现的话它也肯定能加快信息的传递。 第二章综合练习及参考译文 1翻译下列句子注意斜体部分的表达并说明翻译的特点 1) We refused to take the advice and failed. 【译文】我们没有听劝告结果失败了。 2) 2) They are all of an age. 【译文】他们的岁数都相同。 3) 3) I was shanghaied in Shanghai. 【译文】我在上海受骗了。 4) 4) Dont ride the high horse. 【译文】不要趾高气扬。5) 5) The teacher is popular with his students.主动形式被动意义 【译文】这位老师很受学生的欢迎。6) 6) He had a fast life, drinking and gambling. 【译文】他过着放荡的生活又酗酒又赌博。 7) 7) Man has to fight his way through life on earth! 【译文】人生在世要奋斗不息。 8) 8) He would be quite a likeable fellow if only he wouldnt act the goat so much. 【译文】只要他不恶作剧就是个讨人喜欢的小伙子。9) 9) John can be relied on, he eats no fish and plays the game. 译文】约翰为人可靠诚实又正直。10) 10) Nehru had evidently come to think of their country as the equal of China, or even her superior.【译文】尼赫鲁显然认为他们的国家应该同中国平起平坐甚至要高出中国一头。 11) 11) It will soon rain itself out and then we can have our walk. 【译文】雨快停了我们就能去散步。 12) 12) She was eighteen and beautiful. 【译文】她年方18天生丽质。13) 13) There are some beautiful Chinese girls in the picture. 【译文】画中是几个中国美女。图上是几个漂亮的中国女子。14) 14) He was a good father, within his limitations. 【译文】他是个好父亲虽然也有这样那样的缺点。15) 15) “Look at that old lady, shes doing everything wrong.” 【译文】“看看那位老太太她那个样子最容易出问题。” 2翻译下列段落 In the United States, it is not customary to telephone someone very early in the morning. If you telephone him early in the day, while he is shaving or having breakfast, the time of the call shows that the matter is very important and requires immediate attention. The same meaning is attached to telephone call made after 11 :00 p.m. If someone receives a call during sleeping hours, he assumes its a mater of life and death. The time chosen for the call communicates its importance. 【译文】在美国人们通常不在清早打电话给别人。如果你在早晨别人刮脸或吃早餐的时候打电话来那就意味着你有非常重要而紧急的事请。晚上11点之后打来电话也一样。人们在睡觉的时间接到电话时就会以为发生了生死攸关的事。打电话所选择的时间表示事情的重要程度。 In social life, time plays a very important part. In the U.S.A. guests tend to feel they are not highly regarded if the invitation to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date. But it is not true in all countries. In other areas of the world, it may be considered foolish to make an appointment too far in advance because plans which are made for a date more than a week away tend to be forgotten. The meaning of time differs in different parts of the world. Thus, misunderstandings arise between people from cultures that treat time differently. Promptness is valued highly in American life. For example, if people are not prompt, they may be regarded as impolite or not fully responsible. In the U. S. no one would think of keeping a business associate waiting for an hour, for it would be too impolite. Even a person who is five minutes late is expected to make a short apology. 【译文】时间在社会生活中作用重大。在美国如果仅仅提前三四天接到宴会的邀请人们会觉得自己不够受重视。但并不是所有的国家都是这样。在其他国家人们会觉得提早很多天就预定约会的做法很愚蠢因为一周以后某一天的计划很有可能被忘掉。在不同的地区时间有不同的意义。因此来自时间观念不同的两种文化氛围中的人之间就会产生误解。比如美国社会崇尚迅捷。人们会觉得办事不够迅速的人没有礼貌或不够负责。在美国人们无法想象让生意伙伴等上一个小时那简直太失礼了。人们觉得即使只迟到了五分钟也应该简短地表示歉意。 第三章综合练习及参考译文 1翻译下列句子注意斜体词句的表达差异 1He is little of a scholar. 【译文】他没有学者的风度。 2He is very much of a poet. 【译文】他大有诗人之气派。 3Hes only not a boy. 【译文】他简直是个孩子。 4Not knowing her telephone number, I can not contact her immediately. 【译文】由于不知道她的电话号码我无法立刻与她联系。 5) Ignorance is the mother of fear as well as of admiration. 【译文】无知是恐惧的根源也是敬佩的根源。 6) With all his achievements he remains modest and prudent. 【译文】她虽有很多成就但还是谦虚谨慎。 7) Everything considered, your essay seems better written. 【译文】如果各方面都考虑到你的论文似乎会写得更好些。8) 8) We maintain that no peace situation is permanent which does not take into account the legitimate wishes of the majority of the people of any country. 【译文】我们认为如果不尊重一个国家大多数人民的正当愿望任何和平局面都不会是持久的。9) 9) It would have been of as much avail to interrogate any stone face outside chateau as to interrogate that face of his. 【译文】从他那张脸上审视不出什么正如从城堡外面任何一张石脸上审视不出什么一样。as much as 在这里相当于as little as用以衬托否定含义。 10) 10) Surgeon that Fleming was, he did not know penicillin which kills bacteria and germs. 【译文】虽然弗莱明是外科医生他当时并不知道杀死细菌和病菌的是青霉素。 【解析】英语让步状语从句从句在前主句在后汉语译文和英语结构、意义一致。 2. 翻译下列句子注意调整语序 1He felt a qualm in his stomach, and it was more in memory of his own loneliness than anticipation of hers.按照信息中心 【译文】他感到一阵心酸与其说是预见了她的凄凉倒不如说是想到了他自己的孤独。 2For example, a girl student who had difficulty studying made dramatic strides when she got a better desk lamp and moved her desk away from her bed.按照时间顺序 【译文】例如有位女学生原来学习很吃力但自从换了一盏好台灯并把桌子从床边搬开以后学习就取得了长足的进步。 3A readers perception of the loose, slangy, colloquial, shirt-sleeved quality of much modern prose will be sharpened if he has experienced the conscious elegance of eighteenth-century writers and the solemn lecture-hall pronouncements of the Victorians. 按照逻辑顺序 【译文】如果一位读者读过18世纪作家的作品体会到其刻意追求典雅的语言风格又读过维多利亚女王时代的人在演讲大厅上所作的庄严的发言他定能更深刻地理解很多现代散文作品那种结构松散、口语色彩浓、好用俚语、不拘形式的语言风格。 4Based on national realities and taking reasonable aspects of foreign economies, Chinese economists are working to establish socialist market economy, which ensures economic activities follow the requirements of the law of value and the changing relationship between supply and demand. 按照搭配需要 【译文】在立足本国实际和借鉴海外经济合理成分的基础上中国经济学者正致力于建立社会主义市场经济要保证经济活动遵循价值规律的要求适应供求关系的变化。 5)There are few moments in life that bring husband and wife closer in reflective communion than the first October moment by a blazing hearth when they inhale the odor of mothballs in each others sweaters and agree its time they once again had a long talk. 【译文】十月初临夫妻俩傍倚着融融的炉火都能闻到对方毛衣散发出的卫生球气味默契地认为是他们在一起促膝长谈的时候了如此亲密无间地沉浸在感情交流之中一生能有几回。 【解析】 这是个主从复合句主句“There are few moments in life”位于句首接着是由“that”引导的定语从句和一个由“when”引导的状语从句。翻译时把从“than”开始的后半句挪到前面“closerthan”的关系在译文中通过“如此”体现英语表达关系紧密结构形式完整汉语译文完全打破了英语的结构形式语序作了全面调整把一个完整的英语句子分译成了五个汉语句子主句位于最后译文符合汉语习惯表达主句位于最后。 3. 翻译下列短文注意衔接表达方式 1No matter how bad the world may become, no matter how much the mass man of the future may lose such of the virtues as he still has, one fact remains. If one person alone refuses to go along with him, if one person alone asserts his individual and inner right to believe in and be loyal to what his fellow men seem to have given up, then at least he will still retain what is perhaps the most important part of humanity. 【译文】不管世界会堕落到什么地步不管未来的大众人会丧失多少他们迄今还保留着的美德有一个事实依然不变只要有一个人不肯跟着随波逐流只要有一个人还会坚持自己植根于心灵深处的权利信守他的同胞似乎已经放弃的美德那他至少还会保留着也许是人性中最宝贵的东西。 2) Four days after setting out, while the Titanic was sailing across the icy waters of the North Atlantic, a huge iceberg was suddenly spotted by a lookout. After the alarm had been given, the great ship turned sharply to avoid a direct collision. The Titanic turned just in time, narrowly missing the immense wall of ice which rose over 100 feet out of the water beside her. 【译文】“泰坦尼克”号起航后的第四天正行驶在北大西洋冰冷的海面上。突然瞭望员发现正前方有一座冰山。警报拉响后巨轮急转弯以避免与冰山正面相撞。“泰坦尼克”号这个弯儿拐得及时紧贴着高出海面100英尺的巨大冰墙擦了过去。 第4章 综合练习及参考答案 1. 翻译下列句子注意斜体词的表达 1) The editor praised his paper and suggested only one change. 【译文】编辑赞赏他的论文仅在一处建议改动。 2) He knows no more life than the child unborn. 【译文】他天真烂漫对人情世故却一无所知。 3) It is beyond the power of medicine to cure him. 【译文】他的病非药力所能治愈。 4) While this may be an exaggeration, there is a bit of truth in it. 【译文】此话虽然夸张却也有几分可信。 5) Its been scientifically proven that frequent kissing stabilizes cardiovascular activity, decreases high blood pressure, cholesterol and overall makes ones life better. 【译文】科学已经证明常接吻可使心血管活动保持稳定降低高血压、胆固醇全面改善人的身体状况。 6 ) The expansion of the higher education system has turned universities from institutions for the elite to ones for the masses. 【译文】大学扩招后大学教育便从以往的精英教育变成普及教育。 7) Brilliant young scholars or inventive industrial geniuses are hampered in technical research because they hesitate to disagree with their “superiors”. 【译文】才华横溢的青年学者、创造发明天才因为不愿与“师长”唱对台戏而在科研上裹足不前。 8) We alone do good to our neighbors not upon a calculation of interest, but in the confidence of freedom and in a frank and fearless spirit. (Thucydides: History) 【译文】唯有我们乐于助人但不计私利得失而是出于自觉自愿慷慨无畏。9) 9) I am disgusted she saw the man as a reminder to lock her doors. I wonder if he noticed us doing so. I wonder how it feels when people lock their doors at the sight of you. 【译文】我很讨厌她一看见那人就锁上车门的举动。我不知道那人是否注意到了我们的这一做法。真不知道当别人一看到你时就把车门锁上那会是一种什么样的感觉。10) 10) Man is born free; and everywhere he is in chains. One thinks himself the master of others, and still remains a greater slave than they. To renounce liberty is to renounce being a man, to surrender the rights of humanity and even its duties. For him who renounces everything no indemnity is possible. (Jean-Jacques Rousseau: The Social Contract) 【译文】人天生是自由的可处处受到束缚。那种自以为给别人当主子的人反倒比别人更是奴才。放弃自己的自由就是放弃自己做人的资格放弃人的权利甚至于是放弃自己的义务。一个人放弃了一切是不可能有任何东西作补偿的。让-雅克卢梭社会契约论 2、翻译下列段落 1 What WTO Accession Means for China (入世对于中国的意义) In this new age of globalization , Chinas leadership has decided to seek globalizations benefits and accept its risks. The decision to join the WTO, and to accept the disciplines and rules that lie at its heart, is the latest important step enabling China to navigate globalizations currents. 在这个全球化的新时代中国领导人决定寻求全球化的益处并承受其带来的风险。加入世贸组织并且接受作为其核心的行为准则和各项规则这个决定是中国顺应全球化潮流所迈出的最为重要的一步。 Therefore, I am proud that my colleagues and I had the opportunity last year, shortly after assuming office, to take the lead in driving to complete Chinas admission to the WTO after the process had been stalled for a year and half. 因此我引以自豪的是我的同事和我本人在去年刚上任不久的首要工作就是在中国入世进程停顿了一年半之后致力于完成这项工作。 As a WTO member, China is supposed to greatly reduce tariff and non-tariff barriers. It will need to improve protection and enforcement of intellectual property rights. It needs to allow companies engaged in telecommunications, computer services, banking, securities, insurance, freight forwarding, and wholesale and retail distribution to invest in China, providing services of value and spurring domestic competition. 作为世贸组织的成员中国应当大幅降低关税和非关税壁垒应当加强实施对知识产权的保护应当允许外国公司投资于中国的电信、计算机服务、银行、证券、保险、货物转运以及批发与零售业以提供各种重要的服务推动国内竞争。 China has agreed to transform its system of laws and regulations through transparency, opening rules to comment before promulgation and to court review afterward. As a result, Chinas membership in the WTO will mean lower prices, greater consumer choice, greater enterprise efficiency, enhanced productivity, higher wages, new jobs, and more opportunity. 中国已经同意通过提高透明度来进行法律制度改革其法规在颁布实施前要进行公示听取意见实施后要接受法院检验。其结果是中国成为世贸组织成员后将带来的好处是物价下降消费者有更多的选择企业效益增大生产率提高工资上涨就业机会增多机遇也越来越多。 2 I Have a Dream (Martin Luther King) This is our hope. This is the faith with which I return to the South. With his faith we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope. With this faith we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood. With this faith we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day. 这就是我的希望。这就是我带回南方的信念。怀着这个信念我们能够把绝望的大山凿成希望的磐石。怀着这个信念我们能够将我国种族不和的喧嚣变为一曲友爱的乐章。怀着这个信念我们能够一同工作一同祈祷一同奋斗一同入狱坐牢一同为争取自由而斗争因为我们知道我们终将获得自由。 When we let freedom ring, when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet, from every state and every city, we will be able to speed up that day when all of Gods children, black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics, will be able to join hands and sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual, “Free at last! free at last! thank God almighty, we are free at last!” 我们使自由之音响彻千家万户响彻每个州郡城池就会促使那个日子尽快到来。到了那一天上帝的一切儿女无论黑人、白人、犹太人、非犹太人、基督教徒和天主教徒都将携手同唱那首古老的黑人圣歌“我们终于获得了自由终于获得了自由感谢全能的上帝我们终于获得了自由” 第5章 综合练习及参考答案 1翻译下列句子注意词义选择 1The house is over against the university. 【译文】那幢房子就在学校的对面。 2Were up against all sorts of difficulties. 【译文】我遇到了种种困难。 3The huge waves hurling themselves against the rock broke into clouds of spray. 【译文】猛击着岩石的巨浪碎成一簇簇的水花。 4The factory has produced 85,000 tons of sugar this year, as against the 60, 000 tons of last year. 【译文】这个厂今年生产了85,000吨糖而去年只