atherosclerosis-动脉粥样硬化.doc

Atherosclerosis 动脉粥样硬化Signs and symptoms: Atherosclerosis is a condition in which an artery wall thickens as a result of the accumulation of plaque.The plaque is made up of fat, cholesterol, calcium, and other substances found in the blood. Over time, plaque hardens and narrows the patients arteries. This limits the flow of oxygen-rich blood to their organs and other parts of the body, it can also lead serious problems, including:Coronary artery disease:These arteries supply blood to our heart. When they are blocked, we can suffer angina or a heart attack.Carotid artery disease:These arteries supply blood to our brain. When they are blocked we can suffer a stroke.Peripheral arterial disease:These arteries are in our arms, legs and pelvis. When they are blocked, we can suffer from numbness, pain and sometimes infections.Chronic kidney disease: The renal arteries supply blood to our kidneys. If plaque builds up in the renal arteries, the disease occurs.Over time, chronic kidney disease causes a slow loss of kidney function. Causes: The main cause of atherosclerosis is yet unknown, but is hypothesized to fundamentally be initiated by inflammatory processes in the vessel wall in response to retained low-density lipoprotein (LDL) molecules.Also, cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is associated with cardiovascular diseases.Treatments: Non-pharmaceutical means are usually the first method of treatment, such as cessation of smoking and practicing regular exercise. If these methods do not work, medicines are usually the next step in treating cardiovascular diseases, and, with improvements, have increasingly become the most effective method over the long term.部分单词介绍：1、atherosclerosis:,rsklrss; -skl- 动脉粥样硬化2、symptom:sm(p)tm n. 症状；征兆3、artery:tr n. 动脉；干道；主流4、accumulation:kjumjle()n n. 积聚，累积；堆积物5、plaque:plk; plk n. 斑块6、cholesterol:klestrl n. 生化 胆固醇7、coronary:kr()n()r adj. 冠的；冠状的8、angina:ndan n. 心绞痛9、carotid:krtd n. 颈动脉adj. 颈动脉的10、peripheral:prf()r()l adj. 外围的；次要的11、pelvis: pelvs n. 骨盆12、chronic:krnk adj. 慢性的；长期的；习惯性的13、hypothesize:hapsaz vt. 假设，假定vi. 假设，假定14、fundamentally ,fndmntli adv. 根本地，从根本上；基础地15、initiate net vt. 开始，创始；发起；使初步了解16、inflammatory:nflmt()r adj. 炎症性的17、low-density lipoprotein(LDL):低密度脂蛋白; lipoprotein,lp(),prtin ,脂蛋白18、cytomegalovirus:,sat()meg()l(),vars n. 巨细胞病毒19、cardiovascular: ,kdvskjl adj.心血管的20、pharmaceutical:,fmsutk()l n. 药物adj. 制药（学）的 基础医学院2010级临床医学七年八班 王硕 学号：2010562082512、inflammatory:nflmt()r adj. 炎症性的low-density lipoprotein(LDL):低