(英语提高培训)八年级知识点精讲精练(UnitS4—6).doc

学习英语的重要方法是：反复读、反复听、反复理解、反复识记！ （英语提高培训）八年级知识点精讲精练（UnitS46）一、点击短语Unit 4 He said I was hard-working1. soap opera 泡沫剧，电视（连续）剧 2、on Friday night 在星期五晚上 3、be mad at 生的气4、have a surprise party 举行一个惊喜晚会 5、not anmore 不再，再也不not any more = no morenot any longer=no longer 6、Young Lives 年轻的生命7、first of all首先8、 do a homework project 设计作业计划 9、pass on 传递10、work on 从事，设计，演算，操作be supposed to do sth.被期望（要求）做，应该做 11、be good at 擅长 12、do well in 在方面表现得好13、report card 成绩单 14、have a (bad) cold 患（重）感冒 15、in good health 身体健康16、end-of-year exams = final exams期末考试 17、have a big fight 大吵了一架18.in/at school 在学校上学18.forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事 forget doing sth. 忘记做了某事 19.get over克服，恢复，原谅20.a poor mountain village 一个贫穷的山村 21.sound like 听起来像 22.the Peking University 北京大学23.the Ministry of Education 教育部 24.the Chinese Young Pioneers 中国少年先锋队 25.Chinas rural areas 中国的偏远地区 26.sea level 海平面 27.the thin air 稀薄的空气 28.agree with sb./sth. 同意, 与相符（一致）agree on/about sth. 同意，赞成 29。bothand和都 30.most of大多数，大部分31. 34.in danger 处于危险之中Unit 5 If you go to the party，youll have a great time!1.have a great/good/nice/wonderful time 玩得高兴=have fun = enjoy oneself 2.at the party在晚会上3.end of year party 年终晚会 4.take away拿走，取走 5.all the time=always一直，始终，总是6.ID card 身份证 7.the old peoples home 老年之家 8.make money 赚钱 9.round the world = all over the world 全世界，世界各地 10.go to college上大学 11.work hard 努力工作（学习）12.a professional athlete 职业运动员 13.a dream job 理想的职业 14.make a living谋生15.play sports 进行体育运动= get/do exercise 16.get injured 受伤 17.in fact事实上，实际上18.mobile phone 移动电话 19.too much 太多 20.laugh at嘲笑，因而发笑Review of Units 1-51.watch out = be careful = look out = take care 小心，当心，注意2.turn down (音量)放小，（光线）调暗turn up (音量)放大，（光线）调亮 turn on 打开（开关、按钮） turn off 关（开关、按钮）3.would like to do sth. 想要做某事= feel like doing sth. = want to do sth. 4.the dinning room 餐厅5.make friends (with) (和)交朋友 6.see sb. doing sth. 看见某人在做某事see sb. do sth. 看见某人做了某事 7.make predictions 做预测 8.hope to do sth. 希望做某事= wish to do sth. 9.in order to 为了Unit 6 How long have you been collecting shells?1.how long 多长，多久 2.a skating marathon 滑冰马拉松 3.a pair of 一双，一副,一把，一条4.raise money （for charity） （为慈善机构）募捐，筹钱 5.the whole five hours 整整五个小时6.three and a half years 三年半 = three years and a half 7.thanks for 因而表示感谢8.run out of 用完，用尽 9.by the way 顺便说一下，顺便问一下10.in Russian style 以俄罗斯的风格11.fly kites 放风筝 12.a talent show 才艺表演 13.finish doing sth. 结束做某事14.be interested in 对感兴趣 15.Chinese dynasty 中国的王朝 16.famous characters 著名人物17.think of 考虑，想起 18.in Russian style 俄罗斯的风格 19.tell sb. about sth. 把的情况告诉某人20.enjoy doing sth. 喜爱做某事21.the Olympic Games 奥运会= the Olympics 22.far away 在远处二、聚焦考点1. _ the barber s=at the barbershop在理发店_the doctors在诊所=_ ； _ Kate s在凯特家=_ ； _ the teachers在老师办公室=_ ; _ his aunts 在他姨妈家 While Leo was at the _ ,his mother came back. A. doctors B. doctors C. doctor D. doctors2. get into进入+较小的交通工具 get on 上车 +较大的交通工具get out of/从出来 +较小的交通工具 get off 下车+较大的交通工具Look！The students are _ the bus.Lets_ the train.Here comes a bus. Lets _. A. get on it B. get it on C. get off itTheyre _ a car. A. getting on B. getting into The alien _ the UFO when I saw him. A. was getting out of B. was getting out C. was getting ofD. get out of3. _the police报警 ;(police 警察，集合名词，作主语谓语用_类同family) The police _ looking for the lost child at the station at this time yesterday. A. is B. are was D. were Look! The family _ watching TV now. A. is B. are was D. were4. take off起飞，脱下 反义词：_ Look! The plane is _. Its too hot. You can _. A. take it off B. take off it The new shoes are yours. Please _. A. put on it B. put it on C. put them on D.put on them5. in front of在的前面(外部) ; in the front of在的前面(内部) The tall tree is _ my house. A driver sits _ the car.6. be scared/afraid of sth害怕某事; be scared/afraid of doing sth.害怕做某事 My little brother is _ so he is scared _ them. A. scared about; to feed B. scared of; to feed C. scared of; feeding D. scared about; feeding7. shout_sb.对某人大声叫 shout _sb.骂某人 ;生气做某事 Its too noisy outside. He has to shout _ Jim. A. at B. with C. to D. of8. sth. happens Sth happened to sb 某人发生了某事 ; have an accident发生事故Sb happen to do sth 某人偶然碰见做某事What happened _ him? A. with B. to C. at D. byWe _ _ meet him on the street yesterday. A traffic accident _ _ the boy yesterday.=The boy had a traffic accident yesterday.区别：happen 作“发生、碰巧”解，一般用于偶然或突发性事件，take place发生（一般指必然性事件的“发生”，即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排）The Great Changes have taken place in our hometown. 在我们的家乡发生了翻天覆地的变化。The Olympic Games of 2012 will take place in London.In 1919, the May 4th movement _ in China. A. happen B. take place C. happened D. took placeThe accident _a windy night. A. took place in B. took place on C. happened on i D. happened in9. _ activity日常活动 ; _ life 学生们应该多参加日常活动.(汉译英) Students should take part in _ activities more often.We should practice reading_English_.A. everyday, everyday B. everyday, every day C. every day, every day D. every day, everyday10.过去进行时 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或者某段时间正在进行或发生的动作，常和表过去的时间状语连用。如: I _ _(do) my homework at this time yesterday.昨天的这个时候我正在做作业。 They _ _ for you yesterday.他们昨天一直在等你。 过去进行时的构成: 肯定形式:主语+was/were+v.-ing 否定形式:主语+was not (wasnt)/were not (werent)+v.-ing疑问形式:Was/Were+主语+v. -ing What/Where/ Why/ How等疑问词+was/ were+主语+v. ing(其他)? 基本用法: 1. 过去进行时表示过去某一段时间或某一时刻正在进行的动作。常与之连用的时间状语有，at that time/moment,(at)this time yesterday(last night/Sunday/week.)，at+点钟+yesterday ( last night/Sunday.)， when sb. did sth.等时间状语从句，如: What _- you _ at 7 p. m. yesterday?昨天晚上七点你在干什么? I first met Mary three years ago. She _ _(work) at a radio shop at the time.我第一次遇到玛丽是在三年前，当时她在一家无线电商店工作。 His grandfather _ (read) a newspaper at ten o clock yesterday morning.(中考) Why didn t you go to the cinema with us this afternoon? I_ at the station for my uncle from Beijing. A. was waiting B. have waited C. am waiting D. will wait Did you notice your mother go out a moment ago? No,I didnt. I_TV then. A. am watching B. was watching C. watched D. will watchWhat _at nine oclock last Sunday? A. were you doingB. does he do C. was you do D. did you doJim was cutting hair in the barbers chair at that time.(否定句) Jim _ _ hair in the barbers chair at that time.They were eating lunch when you got out of the library.(划线提问) _ _ they _lunch?The tutor was giving me an Enghsh lesson when you asked me to play tennis with you. (对划线部分提问) _ _ the tutor _ when you asked me to play tennis with you?2. when后通常用短暂性动词，while后通常用持续性动词，因此它所引导的状语从句中，谓语动词常用进行时态，如: When the car exploded, I _ _ (walk)past it.=While I was walking past the car, it exploded.When my friend came to see me, my family _ dinner. A. was having B. were having C. is having D. are havingIt _ heavily when I left the cinema. A. rains B. will rain C. is raining D. was raining Her son is dressing himself.(用when she came in改 写) Her son_ _ himself when she came in.3. when用作并列连词时，主句常用进行时态，从句则用一般过去时，表示主句动作发生的过程中，另一个意想不到的动作发生了。如: I _ _ (walk) in the street when someone called me.我正在街上走时突然有人喊我。 4. when作并列连词，表示“(这时)突然”之意时，第一个并列分句用过去进行时，when引导的并列分句用一般过去时。如:I _ _ (take)a walk when I met him. 我正在散步，突然遇见了他。 We_ _(play) outside when it began to rain.我们正在外边玩，这时下起雨来了。We were doing our homework when the lights went out. (改为同义句) We were doing our homework, _ that _ the lights went out.5. when与while区分: (1)“当的时候”加后面连接的动词为进行时态， 则用while多于用when。而when通常与瞬间动词或延续性不强的动词连用。 While we were having dinner, the telephone _ (ring). (2)如果while前后的动词都是进行时态，while可译为“与此同时”。 eg. I_ _(read) while my brother was drawing. (3)当while前后的句子描述的情况相对或相反,while 可译为“而”,while更强调并列的对比而非转折。 eg. I am out going_ my sister is quiet and shy. 用when或while填空。1. My mother was doing the housework _I was doing my homework.2. _my mother came in, I was watching TV.3. _ he went out, it was raining.4. _ Tom was cleaning his room, the telephone rang.5._ Im away, please look after my cat.6. My friend likes fishing, _ I like playing soccer.7. (中考) Peter likes reading a newspaper _ he is having breakfast. A. until B. while C. because D. though 8. (中考)I Tom is good at drawing_ John does well in playing football. A. because B. when C. while D. since 9. She was doing some cleaning_her mother came in. A. when B. while C. after D. because 10. The plane took off at that time. He was driving to the airport.(合为一句) (1) The plane took off, _he was driving to the airport. (2) _the plane took off, he was driving to the airport. 11.Tom was reading a novel when I saw him.(改为同义 ) _ Tom was reading a novel, I saw him. 6.过去进行时和一般过去时的差别: 一般过去时表示“在过去某个付间发生的动作或存在的状态”，而过去进行时则表示“在过去某个特定时间正在进行的动作”。 例如:I was reading an English novel last night. 昨晚我在看一本英文小说。(可能没看完) I read an English novel last night.我昨晚看了一本英文小说。(已经看完) 11.到达 arrive不及物动词，后跟宾语得加介词in/at, reach及物动词，后直接跟地点。 get to后直接跟地点。They arrived_ Chongqing_ Monday morning. A. at, inB.in, in C. in, onD. /, onI _ Chengdu yesterday evening. A. arrived at B. got C. reached When_ you _the day before yesterday? A. did,arrive B. do,arrive C. will,get to D. did,get to12. land“着陆，下降”，动词。_ ”起飞“。 eg. The plane landed safely. The plane is_ in an hour. We have to take a taxi to the airport. A. taking off B. putting on C. take off D. get onShenzhou VH_ on the earth safely. A. land B. landed C. lands D. landded13.be surprised“感到吃惊”，主语为人。 surprise名河动词，“吃惊，惊奇”。 surprised形容词，“感到吃惊的”，指人的感受。 be surprised _ sth./ be surprised_do sth. surprising形容词，“令人吃惊的”“出人意料的”，指物，可作定语或表语。 eg. He gave us a big surprise. Were surprised _(hear) the news. That movie has a_( surprise) end. 14. amazing adj. amazed adj. We were all _(amazing) at the _(amazing) news.这是感叹句的一种表达形式。eg. Arent they perfect !另外还有用how和what开头的感叹句。_ surprising the news is! _a day I had! (中考)_exciting sport it is to climb the mountains! A. How B. What C. What a D. What an 15. as. as与一样(as与as之间用形容词、副词的原级) (中考 ) Who did English homework better, Leo or Nick?Leo is more careful. I think Leo did _ Nick, A. as good as B.as well as C. better than D. worse than Jim and I are of the same age.(改为同义句) Jim is _old_ I am.not so./as .as与不一样 1）The film is not as(so) interesting as that one.这部电影不如那部电影有趣。 =The film is _ _ than that one.= That film is _ _that this one. 2）I think English is more important dian Chinese.-I dont think so. Chinese is _English.A. as important as B. so important as C. less important than D. the same as16. be mad _(with)sb._sth.因某事生某人的气 be angry _ sb对某人生气；be angry _ what sb said; be angry _ sth 因某事生气eg. Lana said she wasnt _ _ Marcia any more. Dont get mad _me!17. not. . . anymore=_ _=not. any more不再 Tina graduated from( 毕业)school and she was_ a student _. A. no; anymore B. not; anymore C. not; no more D. no; some more not any longer= _ _ 18. pass sb the message=pass the message _ sb.向某人传递信息 _ a message留口信 ;_ a message捎口信 ; send a message发送信息 9. be supposed to do sth.=_ do sth.应当做某事 20. be _ good health=be well/fine=be healthy健康状况 良好 21. do well in=be _ at在某方面做得好/擅长 We know that cats are good at _. A. flying B. climbing C. dancing D. shouting do better in=be_ at(比较级) be weak in=be bad _ 在方面差 22 have a hard time _ sth. / have a hard time in _(do) sth.做某事艰难 23. forget_ do sth.忘记做某事 ; forget _ sth.忘记做过某事Sorry, Mr Wang. I forget _the book to school. A. take B. bring C. to take D. to bring24.英语中有几个表示“带，拿”的动词。 (1) bring意思是“带来，拿来，取来”，指从别处把某人或某物带到或拿到说话者所在的地点来 .eg. Next time you come，_me that book please. My books are upstairs. Will you _ them down? (2) take意思是“带去，拿走”，和bring相反，指从说话者所在地把某人或某物带去或拿走。 eg. Well _ the students _ the middle school. Who _away todays newspaper? He _ my dictionary without asking. (3) get, fetch表示到某处去把某物找到并带来。 eg. Go and get(fetch) some water: Can you _ me some paper? (4)carry意思是“携带”“搬运”，即把某人带在身边或把某物带在身上，指随身携带,carry不说明带的方向。 eg. Let me _ this bag for you. 25. (1) exciting是形容词，意为“令人兴奋的”，表示事物本身使人兴奋。用于形容理智或感情方面影响他人的人或事物，有主动的含义，句子主语一般是物，在句中可以作表语或定语。 eg. I have something _ to tell you. I saw an _movie last night. The book is so _ that everyone likes to read it. (2) excited是过去分词作形容词，意为“兴奋的、激动的”，含有被动意味，前面常常是表示人的词作句子主语，用来表示人的感受，在句子中通常作表语。常见结构:be excited at/about sth. be excited to do sth. He was very _after hearing the news. They were _ to get together. 类似的词有 interesting interested; relaxing relaxed26. 区分watch，see, read, look at watch指目不转睛地盯着看，一般说_ TV, _ a football game.see指看见某人物，可与film搭配。 read一般指看书，看报 _newspapers, _ books,_ magazines. look at一般加宾语_ _ the blackboard27 . (1) be good at意为“擅长”，=do well in，后接名词短语或动名词。 eg. Shirley is good at playing volleyball.=Shirley _ _ _ playing volleyball. (2) be better at的用法 be better at是be good at的比较轰级，意为“更擅长”。 eg. Im better at math than English, In English, Im _ at reading than listening.在英语方面，比起听力来，我更拉长阅读。 Alice is _ at listening than reading. 28. 1)hope意为“希望”，后面可接不定式或that从句。 eg. We hope we can see you again.=We hope _ _ you again. I hope you can help me with my maths. 2)- It will rain tomorrow. -I hope_.希望如此. (-I help _.我希望不会这样. )3 ) wish意为“想要”“希望”。wish接不定式，宾语+不定式或that从句。 eg. I wish to place an order right now. I wish him _(make) progress. wish 可表示良好的“祝愿”，后面接“宾语+宾补(形容 词或名词)”，而hope 不能这样用。eg. I wish you happy.I wish you a pleasant journey. I hope you are in good health.我希望你身体健康。 be in good health 意思是“健康”“身体好” =be healthy=keep healthy(fit)=stay healthy(fit)eg. My grandpa is over 80 years old, but hes still_ good _. 反义 : be in poor (bad)healthy29.get nervous意为 易激动的;感到紧张不安的 ，也可be nervous; feel nervous类似的有get/be/feel tired; get/be/feel excitedeg. I was tired after taking a long walk. They got excited to see him back. Jack got nervous when he failed the. exam. 30. have a hard time with sth ; have a hard time (in) doing sth have a good time with sth ; have a good time (in) doing sth He has _ hard time _ the piano. A. a, playingB. /, playing C. a, to play D. /, play31. anyone _任何其他人 If you know _ who collects kites, please tell me. A. anyone elseB. else anyone C. someone else D. else someone32. the more，the more越就越 (中考)-Remember this, John. _careful you are, _mistakes you will make. -Thanks, Miss Rose. A. The more;the less B. The more;the fewer C. The less;the fewer D. The more;the more33.a pair of+可数名词复数，“一双，一对，一副， 一条 a _ of _; 一双鞋two_ of sunglasses两副太阳镜 This pair of pants _(be) too expensive这条裤子太贵了。 Those pairs of shoes _(be) nice.那几双鞋很漂亮。 My sister bought _ _in that shop. A. a pair of shoesB. pairs of shoe C. a pair of shoe D. a pair of shoes34. since自从，自以来(1) since+过去的一个时间点(如具体的年、月、日 期、钟点、1980，last month，half past six)。 I have been here _ 1989. (2) since+一段时间+ago I have been here _five months ago. ( 3 ) since+从句 从句动词用一般过去时，主句用现在 完成时，动词需用延续性动词。 She has worked here since she _(leave) school.自从毕业以 来她就在这儿工作。I have been swimming _I was five years. A. forB. since C. when D. before (4) It is+一段时间+since从句 从句动词用一般过去时It is five years since I _(begin) to study English.我已经学 英语5年了。 35.each, every意思相近，经常可以互用，但在下列情况下有差别， (1)each重点指单个的个体，而every重点强调整体。 Read _ word carefully.认真朗读每个单词( 虽调个 体)。，; _ student in our school works hard.我们学校的学 生都很用功。(弹弹调整体) (2) each既可单独使用，也可后接名词，还可后接of短 语;而every后必须接名词，既不能单独使用也不能后接of 短语。 _ is good.每个都很好。(不能用every) _of the students has a book.每个学生都有一本书。 (不能用every) ._ of them has a nice room. A. Both B. All C.Each D. Every(3) each指两者或两者以上的“每个”，every指三者或 三者以上“每个”，因此指两者时只能用each. There are some trees on _ side of the road.路两边都有树。 (4) each既可用作形容词，又可用作代词，在句中可以 作定语、主语、宾语、同位语、状语等。 Each student _(have) his own dictionary.(形容词，定语) Each _(have) his good point.(代词，主语)， Our teacher had a talk with each of us.(代词，宾语)The students each have a desk.(代词，同位语) The children can have a bag each.(副词，状语) We _ a nice cake. A. each have B. each has C. every hasD. every have36. How long, how often与how soon (1) how long的意思是“有多长”，用来提问有多长时间，答语通常是用for +more