阅读教程二Unit 6.ppt

Friendship Unit6 Pre reading Interpretationofquotationspre readingdiscussions What syourdefinitionofatruefriend Compareyourdefinitionwiththeconceptoffriendinsomepoems InterpretationofQuotations Truefiendshipislikesoundhealth thevalueofitisseldomknownuntilitislost CharlesCalebColtonTruefriendshipislikegoodhealth Weoftendonotappreciateitsexistenceuntilweloseit InterpretationofQuotations Wishingtobefriendsisquickwork butfriendshipisaslow ripeningfruit AristotleAgoodwishtomakefriendsmaycometoourmindseasilyandquickly butestablishingatruefriendshiptakesalongtimeandefforts inthesamewayasafruitslowlyripens InterpretationofQuotations Ifyouwouldwinamantoyourcause firstconvincehimthatyouarehissincerefriend AbrahamLincolnIfyouwanttosucceedingainingthesupportandloyaltyofamanwithhisdedicationtoyourgoal youhavetofirstprovetohimthatyouarehistruefriend Compareyourdefinitionwiththeconceptoffriendinsomepoems Otherproverbs 1 Afriendinneedisafriendindeed 2 Lifewithoutafriendislikedeathwithoutawitness 3 Itisgoodtohavefriends eveninhell 4 Bettertotellthetruthandcomforttheircry thantocreatepainwhenyoutellthemalie 5 Friendsareangelswholiftustoourfeetwhenyourwingshavetroublerememberinghowtofly 6 Thebestmirrorisanoldfriend 7 Falsefriendsareworsethanopenenemies 8 Friendshipmultipliesjoysanddividesgrief 9 Maytherealwaysbeworkforyourhandstodo mayyourpursealwaysholdacoinortwo Maythesunalwaysshineonyourwindowpane mayarainbowbecertaintofolloweachrain Maythehandofafriendalwaysbenearyou mayGodfillyourheartwithgladnesstocheeryou Reading1 UnderstandingWhydidtheauthorsaythat itisenoughforanymanthathehasthedivinepowerofmakingfriends What stheauthor srecognitionoffriendship Languageexplanation Para 1 Friendshipisabovereason for thoughyoufindvirtuesinafriend hewasyourfriendbeforeyoufoundthem Beabovereason notbeformedaccordingtoanyreason notrelyonjudgmentFindvirtues feelthegoodnessWhole Friendshipdoesnotrelyonjudgment Youmayfeelthegoodnessinafriend butthegoodnesswasacknowledgedafteryouhadmadefriendswithhim Para 1 Itisagiftthatweofferbecausewemust togiveitastherewardofvirtuewouldbetosetapriceuponit andthosewhodothathavenofriendshiptogive It friendshipTogiveitastherewardofvirtue subject togiveitunderacertaincondition passivelyTosetapriceuponit predicative tofixthepriceforit metaphor That togivefriendshipunderacertaincondition Para 1 Ifyouchooseyourfriendsonthegroundthatyouarevirtuousandwantvirtuouscompany youarenonearertotruefriendshipthanifyouchoosethemforcommercialreasons Onthegroundthat forthereasonthatNonearer than asfarawayasForcommercialreasons outofthemotivationofgainingprofits Whole Ifyouonlywantthosewhopossessgoodqualitiestobeyourfriendsbecauseyouhavegoodqualities youarefarfromgettingtruefriendshipjustasyoucanhardlybuilduptruefriendshipifyouareafter inpursuitof friendshipoutofthemotivationofgainingprofits Para 2 Sonomanwhoknowswhatfriendshipisevergaveupafriendbecauseheturnsouttobedisreputable Soifoneknowswhatfriendshipreallymeans hewouldneverputanendtoitonlybecausehisfriendhappenstobelackingrespectabilityincharacter Mortalpovertyofaffection seriouslackoflovebetweenfriends Para 2 Sayofanymanthatheisunworthyofyourfriendship whenyouhavegivenuphimasafriend sayofanywomanthatwhenisunworthyofyourlove whenyouhavefallenoutoflovewithher Analogyisthecomparisonoftwopairswhichhavethesamerelationship Thekeyistoascertaintherelationshipbetweenthefirstsoyoucanchoosethecorrectsecondpair Parttowhole opposites resultsofaretypesofrelationshipsyoushouldfind Example hotistocoldasfireistoice Tryingtofindthelostcontactlenswasliketryingtofindaneedleinahaystack干草堆 Para 2 Infriendshipandinlovewearealwayshumble becauseweseethatafreegifthasbeengiventous andtolosethathumilitybecausewehavelostfriendshiporloveistotakeaprideinwhatshouldshameus whatshouldshameus friendshiporloveisgonetakeapridein theauthorisnegativeaboutthisattitude Whole Weshouldremainhumblebeforefriendshipandlovebecausewearegrantedthisfreegift Weshouldfeelashamedratherthanpleasedandhappywhenwearenolongerhumblebecausefriendshipandlovearegone Para 3 Theyhavetobe andwepaymen andclothetheminwigsandscarlet tositinjudgmentonothermen They ourjudgmentsandpenaltiesHavetobe partofourlife wigsandscarlet thecourtsuitWhole Ourjudgmentsandpenaltieshavetobepartofourlifeaswepaymenanddresstheminthecourtsuitandletthembethejudgestomakejudgmentsonothermen Reading2 1 Whydidthemotherdecidetosendthenarratortotheboardingschool 2 Whydidthecounselorurgetheauthor smothertoslipawaywithouttellingherson 3 WhydidtheCarneystookthenarratortotheirweekendhouse 4 Whichwordsdemonstratethattherelationshipoftheboyschangedduringthehide outtrip Structure Para 1 6Aftermyfather sdeath mymotherenrolledmeinaboardingschool Para 7 27Intheboardingschool everyonehidhisemotionsaboutlosingparentsandIwasoftenmadefunof Para 28 54Duringanunplannedtriptoacornfield theboysmeltedtheinhibitionsandfoundcommonunderstandings LanguageExplanation Para 1 needmorestructureandmalerolemodels Structure thestateofbeingwellorganizedorplannedwithallthepartslinkedtogetherWhole needtobewellorganizedandneedtolearnfromothermalesonhowtobehavelikeaman Enrollin toarrangeforyourselforforsb elsetoofficiallyjoinacourse school andpayfeeforit BoardingschoolAboardingschoolisaschoolwheresomeorallpupilsnotonlystudy butalsoliveduringtermtime withtheirfellowstudentsandpossiblyteachers Theword boarding isusedinthesenseof bedandboard thatis foodandlodging Mostboardingschoolsalsohavedaystudentswhoarelocalresidentsorchildrenoffaculty HomeRoomAlexisHalloway ajunior readsinherdormroom StudentsattheSEEDschoolliveoncampusfivedaysaweek Senior MansurMuhammed studiesathiscomputerwhilelisteningtomusiconhisheadphones Twostudentsarenormallyassignedtoeachdormroom EggrollsandChopsticksStudentseatbreakfast lunchanddinneroncampuswithonlyaweekendreprievefor mom shomecooking Para 2 SoIneverutteredawordofprotest thougheveryfiberofmybodyresistedthetrip SoIneversaidanythingtoshowmyunwillingnessofgoingtotheboardingschool thoughallmysensescouldfeelthereluctanceofsuchatrip Para 3Begivenatourof bebroughttovisit Accommodate toprovidesb witharoomorplacetosleep liveorsit这家旅馆可供500位旅客住宿 Thehotelcanaccommodateupto500guests Para 6 Theschool scounselor Ilearnedlater hadurgedmymothertoslipawaywithoutsayinggood buesoastoavoidascene Toavoidascene toavoidthesceneinwhichtheboymaybereluctanttolethismothergo Whole Igottoknowlaterthattheschool scounselorhadaskedmymothertoleaveunnoticedwithoutwayinggood byetomeinordertoavoidtheoutburstofsademotions Para 8 11thefellowstudentsmadefunofthenarratorPara 12chore anunpleasantorboringtask Para 15Shrug Ifyoushrug youraiseyourshoulderstoshowthatyouarenotinterestedinsomethingorthatyoudonotknoworcareaboutsomething Shrugsth off asidee g 她受了伤却满不在乎 继续进行比赛 Shruggingoffherinjury sheplayedon 对于要求他辞职的建议 他根本不予理会 Heshruggedasidesuggestionsthatheresign Para 20catch achild sgameinwhichtwopeoplethrowaballtoeachotherWhichwordscandemonstratethenarrator sanger ram slug Para 21 theunspokencodethatweboysheldwasnotjustthedenialoffeeling butthedenialthatourdeadparentshadexistedatall Notonlydidwerefusetoadmitthefeelingofmissingourdeadparents butalsothefactthattheywerewithusbefore Andwekeptitasasecretdeepinourmind Para 24 Ifanything theCarneysaretoonice Someofyouguysaretakingadvantageofthat Takeadvantageof makeuseofe g Wetookfulladvantageofthehotelfacilities 我们充分享用了旅馆设施 That theCarneys kindnessWhole IfIhavetosaythere sanythingthatI mdissatisfiedwith itmustbethefactthattheCarneysaretoonice Someofyouaremakinguseoftheirkindness Para 25 Coldshoulderspromptlyturnedmyway Othersdistainedmysayings relievemefromtheothers Helpmebytakingmeawayfromthepressurefromothers Para 26 EverybodythinksyoukisseduptotheCarneys Youhavealotofguysmadatyou Kissupto tofawnon topleasesb bypraisingthemorpayingthemtoomuchattentionBemadat beangrywithWhole everyonethinksyouweretryingtopleasetheCarneys Manyboysareangryatyouractofflattery Para 38Meadowsdottedwithwildflowers meadowwheretherespreadwildflowersDot tospreadthingsorpeopleoveranarea tobespreadoveranarea星罗棋布于 遍布e g 乡间有星罗棋布的小村庄 Smallvillagesdotthecountryside Thecountrysidewasdottedwithsmallvillages Para 44Nosweat usedtotellsb thatsth isnotdifficultoraproblemwhentheythankyouoraskyoutodosth Itwasaplacethatmeltedinhibitionsandtough guyexteriors Meltinhibitionsandtough guyexteriors makeinhibitionsandthetough guy susualappearancevanish Whole Itwasaplacewheretherestraintsandtheourwardaggressiveappearanceofbeingunwillingtocompromisegavewaytosomethingsubtlethatstartedchangingourbehavior Para 44 Wefoundourselvesonthoseroadsintoourinteriorsthatwetraveledonlyinprivate MetaphorWefoundourselvesgraduallyopenourheartsandtalkaboutwhatwedidn tletothersknowbefore Para 50 Butlikethem IwaseagertounburdenmyselfofsomeghingIsimplycouldn tkeepbottledupanylonger Bottleup tonotallowotherpeopletoseethatyouareunhappy angry etc especiallywhenthishappensoveralongperiodoftimeWhole Liketheotherboys IalsowantedtofreemyselfoftheburdenIcouldnolongercarryinmind Para 52 Butnoneofushadaphoto noteveninourrooms itbeinggenerallyacceptedthatsuchathingwastoomuchofareminderofalifemorebrightandnormalthantheonewenowlived Butwedidn tcarryaphotoofourdeadfatherswithus andweevendidn tkeeponeinourrooms Photosweregenerallyregardedassomethingthatcouldtooeasilyremindusofthehappylifewehadspentwithourdeadparents muchhappierandmorenormalthanthelifewehadnow Reading3 PoemRhyme alliteration assonanceandconsonancearewaysofcreatingrepetitivepatternsofsound Theymaybeusedasanindependentstructuralelementinapoem toreinforcerhythmicpatterns orasanornamentalelement Rhyme Rhymeconsistsofidentical hard rhyme orsimilar soft rhyme soundsplacedattheendsoflinesoratpredictablelocationswithinlines internalrhyme Languagesvaryintherichnessoftheirrhymingstructures Italian forexample hasarichrhymingstructurepermittingmaintenanceofalimitedsetofrhymesthroughoutalengthypoem Therichnessresultsfromwordendingsthatfollowregularforms English withitsirregularwordendingsadoptedfromotherlanguages islessrichinrhyme Thedegreeofrichnessofalanguage srhymingstructuresplaysasubstantialroleindeterminingwhatpoeticformsarecommonlyusedinthatlanguage Alliteration Alliterationisaliteraryorrhetoricalstylisticdevicethatconsistsinrepeatingthesameconsonantsoundatthebeginningofseveralwordsinclosesuccession Alliterationisparticularlyusefulinlanguageswithlessrichrhymingstructures Assonance Assonance wheretheuseofsimilarvowelsoundswithinawordratherthansimilarsoundsatthebeginningorendofaword waswidelyusedinskaldicpoetry BecauseverbscarrymuchofthepitchintheEnglishlanguage assonancecanlooselyevokethetonalelementsofChinesepoetryandsoisusefulintranslatingChinesepoetry Consonance Consonanceoccurswhereaconsonantsoundisrepeatedthroughoutasentencewithoutputtingthesoundonlyatthefrontofaword Consonanceprovokesamoresubtleeffectthanalliterationandsoislessusefulasastructuralelement Csymbolisesaconsonantcluster notasingleconsonant Vavowel 1 Alliteration Cvcgreat growsend sit2 Assonance cVcgreat failsend bell3 Consonance cvCgreat meatsend hand4 Rhyme cVCgreat baitsend end Eachstanzacontainsfourlinesexcept18 19 stanza7alsocontains4lines notfive Thefootrhymeofthispoemis aabbThefootrhymeofasonnetis ababcdcdefefggThisisnotapoeminastrictsense fortherealpoemisrequiredtohaveacertainsyllablestresse g ShallIcomparetheetoasummer sday Understanding Whowrotethepoem WhatmadeAlliewrotethispoem HowwasAlliefeelingwhensheheardtheknockonthedoor Whichsentencedrewthememoryout HowdidAlliebecomeJane sbestfriend WhywasJaneunabletocometoAllie sparty WhatdidAlliedecidetodoafterreadingJane snote WhatdidJaneandAllievowtodoforeachother Inyouownwords describetherelationshipofJaneandAllie LanguageExplanation Stanza5 Bustling fullofpeoplemovingaboutinabusyway繁忙的 熙熙攘攘的Weavethrough tomovealongbyrunningandchangingdirectioncontinuouslytoavoidthingsthatareinyourwaye g Theroadweavesthrougharangeofhills 这条路在群山中绕来绕去 Stanza6 Stoop Stanza7Amillionmemoriescamefloodingback Alargeamountofmemoriescamebacktomymindsuddenlyandstrongly Stanza8Brown