2014人教新目标九年级英语unit8课文详解.doc

UNIT 8 It must belong to Carla.Language Goal:Make inferencesSection A1a Look at the picture. Write the things you see in the correct columns in the chart.ClothingFun thingsKitchen thingshatvolleyballplate1b Listen and match each person with a thing and a reason.Whose volleyball is this?It must be Carlas.She loves volleyball.PersonThingReasonJanes little brothervolleyballJ. K. Rowling is her favorite writer.J. K.罗琳是她最喜欢的作家。Marytoy truckShe loves volleyball.她喜欢排球。CarlamagazineHe was the only little kid at the picnic.Deng WenbookShe always listens to pop music.GraceCDHe loves rabbits.1.使用must表明你认为某事很可能是真的。用来表示说话人对事物的推测把握比较大，相当于汉语的“一定，肯定”，它表达的肯定程度最大，可以达到100%。她来自于美国。她肯定英语说得不错: She comes fom America. She must speak good English.这个发带一定是卡拉的。她是来野餐的唯一一位女孩:The hair band must be Carlas. She is the only girl at picnic.2.cant的意思之“不可能”，它相应的肯定形式是must；它的可能性为0%他不可能在图书室里。图书室这时都是关门的: He cant be in the library. IYae library is closed at this time3.could、might、may的意思是“可能、也许”，表示推测，它们所表达的肯定程度较低，这三个词相比may的可能性稍大一些；他们的肯定程度在20%至80%。她今天没有来。她可能病了:She isnt here today. she might be ill虽然安娜不喜欢读书，但这本书可能是她的: This book might belong to Anna though she doesnt like reading你接一下电话好吗?有可能是找你的: Will you please answer the phone?. It could be for you“情态动词+ do”表示对现在情况的推测;他一定擅长英语 He must be good at English“情态动词+be doing”表示对正在发生事情的推测：灯都关了, 他们现在一定在睡觉:The light is off. They must be sleeping now. 这儿阳光灿烂，但烟台和威海可能正在下雪呢: Its sunny here, but it might be snowing in Yantai and Weihai.He might/could be playing basketball now.他现在可能正在打篮球。He must be walking in the garden.他肯定在花园里散步。“情态动词+ have done”表示对过去或已完成事情的推测。他看起来很伤心。他一定知道事情真相了:He looks sad. He must have known the fact.情态动词表示推测时，反意疑问句存在两种情况:1.对现在进行推测时，反意疑问句中动词用一般现在时。他一定擅长英语，对吧? He must be good at English, isnt he?你可能正在看电视，是吗? You might be watching TV at home, arent you?2.对过去进行推测时，若用明确的过去时的时间状语，反意疑问句动词用过去式;若没有明确的表达过去的时间状语，反意疑问句的动词用现在完成式。他有可能在昨天的意外事故中受伤了，是吗? He could have hurt himself in the accident yesterday, didnt he?你一定告诉过他这件事了，对吧? You must have told him about it, haven t you?author与writer：author单纯制作者或作品；writer的意思较多，有“作者、抄写员”等。It must belong to Carla.它肯定是卡拉的。belong to是“属于”的意思，后面常接人，这时句子的主语习惯是用物件名词或代词来充当。This cell phone belongs to me. 这个手机是我的。belong to常与物主代词进行句型替换：These books belong to me.=These books are mine.这些书属于我的。He was the only little kid at the picnic. 他是野餐中惟一的小孩。副词only一般放在它所修饰的词之前。它在句中的位置不同，句意也不同，大家千万要留意啊！Only Tom drives the new car on Sunday.只有汤姆在星期日开新车。（强调“只有汤姆而没有其他人”。）Tom only drives the new car on Sunday.汤姆在星期日只是开新车。（强调“只是开车而不干其他事”。）Tom drives only the new car on Sunday.汤姆在星期日只开新车。（强调“只开新车而不开旧车”。）Tom drives the new car only on Sunday.汤姆仅在星期日开新车。（强调“只在星期日而不在其他日子”。）only “唯一的，仅有的” 其后跟名词单、复数均可。那是通往山顶的唯一的道路 Thats the only way to the top of the mountain.他们是唯一一些见证这次意外事故的学生: They are the only students who have seen the accident.提醒: only表达的是肯定意义，用在句中往往对某些单词的用法产生影响。瓶子里仅剩下一点点水了: Theres only a little water left in the bottle.因为only表达的是肯定意义，其后只能用a little，不能用表示否定意义的little 。only的这种用法和still殊途同归。你不必这么匆忙。我们还剩下点时间You neednt hurry. We have still a little time left.联想: only用作副词时，意为 “只，仅，才” 修饰主语时，only常置干主语前; only修饰主语以外的成份时，通常置于行为动词之前。be动词、情态动词和助动词的之后。仅有几个人给了这位乞丐点钱Only several people gave the beggar some money我仅想知道这个贼是谁I only want to know who is the thief. 我仅对她的行为感兴趣Im only intersted in what she behaves.only if和if only的区别:only if引导陈述语气的真实条件句，意为“只要，只有”只有你对学习感兴趣，你才会学好Only if you have interest in learning you will learn well.if only引导虚拟语气的条件句或感叹句，意为“但愿.，要是.就好了。”要是你早点起床，今天早晨你就不会上班迟到了:If only you got up earlier you wouldnt have been late for work this morning.要是我年轻点儿就好了If only I were younger!1c Practice the conversation in the picture above. Then make conversations using the informationin 1b.A: Whose book is this?B: It must be Marys. J. K. Rowling is her favorite writer.这是谁的书?它一定是玛丽的。J.K罗琳是她最喜欢的作家2a Bob and Anna found a schoolbag at the park. Listen and write down the things in the schoolbag.things in the schoolbag1. T-shirt2.3.2b Listen again. Fill in the blanks.1. The person go to our school.2. The person be a boy.3. It be Meis hair band.4. The hair band belong to Linda.5. It be Lindas schoolbag.Use “must” to show that you think something is probably true.Use “might” or “could” to show that you think something is possibly true.Use “cant” to show that you are almost sure something is not true.使用“must”来表明你认为某事很有可能是真实的。使用“might”或“could”来表明你认为某事有可能是真实的。使用“cant”来表明你几乎确定某事是不真实的。2c Make conversations using the information in 2a and 2b.A: Look! Theres a schoolbag here.B: Whats inside?A: Theres a T-shirt, .看!这儿有一个书包里面有什么?有一件T恤衫2d Role-play the conversation.Linda: Mom, Im really worried.Mom: Why? Whats wrong?Linda: I cant find my schoolbag.Mom: Well, where did you last put it?Linda: I cant remember! I attended a concert yesterday so it might still be in the music hall.Mom: Do you have anything valuable in your schoolbag?Linda: No, just my books, my pink hair band and some tennis balls.Mom: So it cant be stolen.Linda: Oh, wait! I went to a picnic after the concert. I remember I had my schoolbag with me at the picnic.Mom: So could it still be at the park?Linda: Yes. I left early, before the rest of my friends. I think somebody must have picked it up. Ill call them now to check if anybody has it.琳达:妈妈，我非常担心。妈妈:为什么?出什么事?琳达:我找不到我的书包了。妈妈:噢，你最后把它放在哪儿了? 琳达:我不记得了!昨天我参加了一个音乐会，所以它可能仍然在音乐大厅里。妈妈:你的书包里有什么有价值的东西吗?琳达:没有，只有我的书、粉色发带和一些网球。妈妈:那么它不可能被偷。琳达:哦，等等!音乐会后我去野餐了。我记得野餐时我还随身携带着书包。妈妈:那么它可能仍然在公园里吗?琳达:是的，我在其他朋友离开之前就早离开了。我认为一定有人捡到了它。现在我将给他们打电话，看看是否有人(any- body任何人)捡到了它。join, join in, take part in 和 attend 的用法比较 这几个词或短语都有“参加”的意思，但用法不同。 1)join有两个用法： (1)指加入某个党派，团体组织等，成为其成员之一，意为：“参军、入团、入党”等。如： When did your brother join the army? 你哥哥什么时候参军的？ She joined the Young Pioneers. 她加入了少先队。 (2)和某人一道做某事，其结构为：join sb. in (doing) sth.，根据上下文，in (doing) sth. 也可以省去。如： Will you join us in the discussion? 你参加我们的讨论吗？ Hell join us in singing the song. 他将和我们一道唱歌。 Were going to the East Lake Park on Sunday. Will you join us? 我们打算星期天去东湖公园。你跟我们一道去好吗？ 2)join in多指参加小规模的活动如“球赛、游戏”等，常用于日常口语。如： Come along, and join in the ball game. 快，来参加球赛。 Why didnt you join in the talk last night? 昨晚你为什么没参加座谈？ 3)take part in 指参加会议或群众性活动等，着重说明句子主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥作用。如： Well take part in social practice during the summer vacation. 暑假期间我们将参加社会实践。 We often take part in physical labour. 我们经常参加体力劳动。 【注意】take part in是惯用词组，part前一般不用冠词，但part前有形容词修饰时，要用不定冠词。如： Lincoln took an active part in school activities. 林肯积极参加学校活动， pick up的意义及用法我们先来看一题试题： Kathy _ a lot of Spanish by playing with native boys and girls. A. picked up B. took up C. made up D. turned up在此题中，take up的意思有“占据（空间等）”、“拿起”、“吸收”等，make up的意思有“编排”、“编造”等，turn up的意思有“出现”、“找到”、“（把声音等）开大”等。而pick up则含有“获得（知识等）”之意。所以该题的答案为A。那么pick up还有哪些含义呢？下面就简要介绍其具体的用法。1.拾起来，采摘例：I picked up a coin in the road. 我在路上拾到一枚硬币。You dropped the plate on the floor; now you can pick it up. 你把盘子扔在地上，现在你能把它拾起来了2.（车船等“搭载客人；驾车去迎接（某人）；在中途搭载；装载（货物、行李等）例：Shall I pick you up at the station? 要我开车去车站接你吗？Dont forget to pick up the ice-cream on the way home. 回家途中别忘了装冰淇淋。You can walk or ride the mile or two to the crossroads where the school bus will pick you up.你能步行或骑车走一两英里到十字路口，那里将有校车来接你。3.（健康、事态、景气等）恢复，使恢复；变好例：I believe things will pick up soon. 我相信事情会变好的。Youll soon pick up after a day or two in bed. 你在床上躺一两天后身体会很快恢复的。His health and spirits picked up after a week at the seeside.在海边待了一周后，他的身体和精神状态都变好了。Consumption of wines picked up again before the New Year. 酒的销量在新年前又一次升高了。4.（偶然地）发现；得到（知识、利益等）；耳闻而学会例：He picked up the book in a most unlikely place. 他在一个非常令人意想不到的 地方得到那本书。She isnt quick at picking up the language. 她学习语言的速度比较慢。I picked up scraps of knowledge from a variety of sources.我从各种资料中获得零碎的知识Hed picked up some tale that we were to have a cut in wages. 他已经听到消息说我门将会削减工资。5.（用无线电讯等）探出，接收，收听（广播）例：It should have been possible to pick up signals telling us more about the moon itself.接收一些能告诉我们更多有关月球本身的信号本来是应该可能的。6.挣钱，赚钱例：There are men in that factory picking up sixty pounds a week. 那个工厂里有很多男工每周挣60英镑。7.再发动（发动机等）；增加（速度）例：The port engine spluttered and seemed about to cut out; then it picked up again. 左舷的发动机发出轻而细的爆裂声，并且看起来停了；后来它又重新动了起来。8.逮捕（某人）例：He was implicated in a murder, and sooner or later they would pick him up.他与一宗谋杀案有牵连，迟早他们会抓住他的。The prisoners missing were picked up within forty-eight hours. 那些失踪的罪犯在48小时内就被逮捕了。9.重新开始（中断的工作等）例：We picked up the story again at the point where Tom has lost his job at the newspaper office. 我们又从Tom在报社失去工作的那一点开始继续将故事。3a Read the article and decide which might be the best title.A. A Small and Quiet TownB. Strange Happenings in My TownC. Animals in Our Neighborhood安静的小镇发生在我镇的奇事我们社区的动物We live in a small town and almost everyone knows each other. It used to be very quiet and nothing much ever happened around here. However, these days, something unusual is happening in our town. Victor, a teacher at my school, is really nervous. When he was interviewed by the town newspaper, he said, “Every night we hear strange noises outside our window. My wife thinks that it could be an animal, but my friends and I think it must be teenagers having fun. My parents called the policemen, but they couldnt find anything strange. They think it might be the wind. I dont think so!”我们住在一个小镇上，并且几乎每个人都彼此认识。它过去一直很安静，这附近未曾发生过什么事。然而，这些天来某件不寻常的事正在我们镇发生。维克托，我的学校的一名教师，非常紧张。城镇报社采访他时，他说:“每天晚上我们都听到窗外有奇怪的噪音。我妻子认为它可能是一种动物，但我和我的朋友们认为那一定是青少年在玩耍。我的父母报了警( Policeman男警察)，但他们没发现任何异常。他们认为那可能是风造成的，我不这样认为！”Almost可用来修饰动词、形容词、副词、名词等：I almost dropped the plate. 我差点把碟子掉了Almost all the guests are here. 差不多所有的客人都来了。Dinner is almost ready. 饭差不多做好了。注意：修饰动词时，通常应放在行为动词之前，特殊动词之后 (见上例)；修饰形容词、副词、名词等时，通常应将其放在被修饰词语之前，否则会造成错误：他几乎工作了一整天。正：He worked almost all day. 误：He almost worked all day. 我们当中几乎每一个人都读过这本书。正：Almost every one of us read the book. 误：Every one of us almost read the book. 2. 可以与 no, none, nobody, nothing, never可以与等词连用 (注：表示类似含义的 nearly 则一般不这样用)：Almost no one believed her. 几乎没有人相信她。 I almost never see her. 我几乎从未见过她。3. 可用在否定动词之前 (注：nearly 也能这样用)： They almost (nearly) didnt catch the bus. 他差点没赶上公共汽车。4. 不要与 most 混淆：大多数人都同意我的意见。正：Most of the people agreed with me. 误：误：Almost of the people agreed with me.Victors next-door neighbor Helen is worried, too. “At first, I thought that it might be a dog, but I couldnt see a dog, or anything else, either. So I guess it cant be a dog. But then, what could it be?” One woman in the area saw something running away, but it was dark so she is not sure. “I think it was too big to be a dog,” she said. “Maybe it was a bear or a wolf.”维克托的隔壁邻居海伦也很担心“起初，我认为它可能是一只狗，但我没看到狗，也没看见其他任何东西。所以我猜测它不可能是一只狗。但它可能是什么呢？”当地的一个妇女看见有个东西逃跑了，但是天黑了，所以她不确定。“我认为它太大而不可能是一只狗，”她说，“也许它是一只熊或一只狼。”Everyone in our town is feeling uneasy, and everyone has his or her own ideas. There must be something visiting the homes in our neighborhood, but what is it? We have no idea. Most people hope that this animal or person will simply go away, but I do not think that is going to happen. The noise-maker is having too much fun creating fear in the neighborhood.我们镇的每个人都在感到不安，并且每个人都有他/她自己的观点。一定有仟么东西闯入了我们社区的住户家中，但它是什么呢?我们不知道。犬多数人希望这个动物或人会径直走开，但我认为它没那么简单。噪音制造者非常乐于在社区里制造恐惧。3b Read the article again and find words to match the meanings.Nervous or worriedYoung peoplePerson in the next houseArea where people liveAnimal like a very large dogPerson who makes noise3c Read the article carefully and write what people think about the strange noises.Who gave opinions?What are the opinions?Victors wifeShe thinks that it could be an animal.Victor and his friendsThe policemenHelenOne woman in the areaThe writer himselfGrammar FocusWhose volleyball is this?It must be Carlas. She loves volleyball.Whose hair band is this?It could be Meis hair band. Or it might belong to Linda. They both have long hair.What did you see that night?Im not sure, but it cant be a dog. It was bigger. I think it might be a bear or a wolf.4a Choose the best way to complete each sentence using the words in brackets.1. A: Wheres Jean?B: Im not sure. She (is / might be / must be) in the laboratory.2. A: Everyone is going to the pool after school.B: Really? It (must be / cant be / could be) hot outdoors.3. A: Thats the phone.B: Hmm. I wonder who it (must be / could be / should be).4. A: I wonder if these are Jims glasses.B: They (cant be / might be / could be) his. He doesnt wear glasses.5. A: I hear water running in the bathroom.B: It (could be / must be / cant be) Carla. She was thinking of taking a shower.琼在哪儿?我不确定，她可能在实验室放学后人人都打算去游泳池。真的吗?户外一定很热来电话了。嗯，我想知道应该是谁我想知道这是不是吉姆的眼镜。它们不可能是他的，他不戴眼镜。我听到浴室里水在流淌。那可能是卡拉。她那时正考虑去洗澡。4b Complete these responses.1. A: Many people are wearing coats.B: The weather must be .2. A: Sally has been coughing a lot.B: She might be .3. A: Theres very loud music coming from the apartment next door.B: The neighbors must be .4. A: Whenever I try to read this book, I feel sleepy.B: It cant .许多人正穿着外套天气一定是萨莉一直咳嗽得很厉害。她可能是这家餐馆总是很拥挤。食物每当我试图去读这本书时，我都感觉困它不可能4c Look at this picture of a room. How much can you tell about the person who lives here? Is it a boy or a girl? What are his/her hobbies? Discuss your ideas with a partner.A: It could be a girls room because its very tidy.B: I guess so. But it might be a boys roombecause the clothes look like boys clothes.它可能是一个女孩的房间，因为它非常整洁。我也是这样猜想的。但它也可能是一个男孩的房间，因为这些衣服看起来像男孩的衣服。Section B1a Look at the pictures. Then use the words in the box to write a sentence about each picture.land man UFO run alien run aftera. A UFO is landing.b.c.1b Listen and number the pictures 13 in 1a. Then write two or three sentences to finish the story.1c Listen again. Complete the sentences.They see .The man says .The woman says .1. a man running.he could be he might be 2. something in the sky.it could be it must be 3. something strange.it must be I must be 4. a woman with a camera.she could be they must be 1d Role-play a conversation between the man and the woman.A: Why do you think the man is running?B: He could be running for exercise.A: No, hes wearing a suit. He might be running to catch a bus to work.你认为这位男士为什么在跑?他可能为了锻炼身体而在跑步不对，他穿着西装。他也许是跑着赶公共汽车去上班。2a Match each linking word or phrase with its purpose.Linking word or phrasePurpose of linking word or phrasesoexpressing a differenceas, because, sincegiving a choicebut, however, thoughexpressing a resultnot only . but alsoexpressing two things happening at the same timeorgiving reasonswhen, whileadding information2b Skim the article below and underline the sentences with linking words or phrases. Do you think you have made correct matches in 2a?IDENTIFYING LINKING LANGUAGEIdentifying conjunctions or phrases that link ideas together will help you understand what you read.Stonehenge Can Anyone Explain Why It Is There?Stonehenge, a rock circle, is not only one of Britains most famous historical places, but also one of its greatest mysteries. Every year it receives more than 750,000 visitors. Especially in June, people go to this place as they want to see the sun rising on the longest day of the year.巨石阵谁能解释它的存在?巨石阵，一个岩石圈，不仅是英国的最著名的历史古迹之一，而且是最大的谜团之一。每年，它接待75万多游客。人们尤其喜欢在六月份去这个地方，因为他们想在一年中最长的一天看日出。For many years, historians believed Stonehenge was a temple where ancient leaders tried to communicate with the gods. However, historian Paul Stoker thinks this cant be true because Stonehenge was built so many centuries ago. “The leaders arrived in England much later,” he points out.Another popular idea is that Stonehenge might be a kind of calendar. The large stones were put together in a certain way. On midsummers morning, the sun shines directly into the center of the stones. Other people believe the stones have a medical purpose. They think the stones can prevent illness while keeping people healthy. 许多年来，历史学家认为巨石阵是一座古代领导人试图与神灵沟通的寺庙。然而，历史学家保罗斯托克认为这不可能是真实的，因为巨石阵建于许多个世纪之前。“这些领导人抵达英国晚得多，”他指出。另一个普遍的观点是，巨石阵可能是一种日历。这些巨石以一种特定的方式被放置在一起。在盛夏的早晨，太阳直接照射在石头的中心。其他人认为这些石头有一种医学目的。他们认为这些石头能够预防疾病，并使人们保持健康。(1)prevent作动词, 意为“预防; 阻止”, 其后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。其名词形式为prevention。(2)prevent. . . from doing sth. 意为“阻止做某事”, 相当于keep/stop. . . from doing sth. 。keep. from doing. 意思是“阻止、防止做某事”,它与prevent. from doing.和stop. from doing.同义。其中,prevent. from doing.和stop. from doing.中的介词from可以省略(stop 和 prevent用于被动语态时,其后的from 不能省略),但keepfrom doing.中的from不能省略。如果省略了from, 那么keep. doing.的意思就成为“使一直做”。“As you walk there, you can feel the energy from your feet climb up your body,” said one visitor. No one is sure what Stonehenge was used for, but most agree that the position of the stones must be for a special purpose. Some think it might be a burial place, or a place to honor ancestors. Others think it was built to celebrate a victory over an enemy.“当你走到那几时，你可以感觉到能量从你的脚上传到你的身体，”一个游客说。没有人确定巨石阵被用来干什么，但大多数人赞同石头的位置一定有一个特殊的目的。一些人认为它可能是一个墓地( burial埋葬)或敬重祖先的地方。其他人认为它是为庆祝战胜( victory胜利)敌人而建的。Stonehenge was built slowly over a long period of time. Most historians believe it must