2013年英语一轮复习资料-必修1 Unit2 English around the world.doc

收集整理 欢迎使用Unit 2 English around the world复习目标闯关要点名师讲解【重点单词】1. voyage n.航行，航海辨析：voyage/journey/travel/trip/tour【解释】voyage: 去国外或较远地方的海上旅行journey: 指较远的从一地到另一地旅行travel: 一系列的旅程，尤指旅行的概念trip: (短途)旅行tour: 为了公务、娱乐或教育参观多处名胜的旅行【即境活用】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). It is tiring to take a long _ by train from Paris to Moscow.2). The _ from England to Australia used to take several months.3). Well have time for a _ to France next weekend.4). We went on a guided _ round the castle.答案:1). journey 2). voyage 3). trip 4). Tour3. frequent adj.频繁的，常见的辨析：frequent/common/ordinary/general/regular【解释】frequent经常的，时间或间歇很短的发生或出现common 通常的、常发生的、广泛使用或众所周知的ordinary指种类普通且不能从其他中加以区别的，有时含贬义general一般性的，到处的；不限于领域、地区或应用regular平常的；惯例的；习惯性的、通常的或正常的【即境活用】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). This is a _ problem.2). He often makes _ errors of judgment.3)Look at the trains _ schedule.4)The violinist gave a very _ performance marked by an occasional memory lapse.5)As a _ rule I am home by six.答案:1). common2). frequent 3). regular 4). ordinary 5). General4. . 辨析request， command和order request要求，请求，语气比其他两项委婉；order和command在用法上很相似，command和order都有“命令”之意都可以接名词、从句作宾语，接不定式作宾语补足语，接从句时从句要用虚拟语气。command 指权威方面正式下令，主要用于军事场合The general commanded his men to attack the city.将军命令士兵攻城。order执行任务或掌权者发布命令时使用，为常用词，可用于正式或非正式场合。The police officer ordered that I should get out of the car.警察命令我从汽车里出来【即境活用】The newly founded chess club formally_ us to attend the opening ceremony.A. requested B. Required C. demanded D. commanded【解析】A 考查request sb. to do sth. BCD语气强硬，按照句意A符合5. request n.&vt 请求；要求6. recognize vt. 辨认出；承认7. block vt. 堵塞；阻碍n. 街区；木块；石块典例 1). He lives three blocks away from here. 他住的地方与此处相隔三条街. 2). A large crowd blocked the corridors and exits. 人群把走廊和出口都堵死了重点用法a block of 一大块block out 堵住block off 封锁；封闭block up 堵塞；阻碍【即境活用】中译英1). 他们在绕楼群散步。_2). 大雪阻塞了所有通往苏格兰的道路。_答案:1). They are taking a walk round the block. 2). Heavy snow is blocking all roads into Scotland. 【重点短语】1. because ofbecause of 因为，由于（为复合介词，后接名词或代词）。He had to retire because of ill health.他因为健康状况不佳，所以不得不退休【拓展延伸】 because, as, since, for都表示原因，但意义不同because直接原因，语气最强。回答why提出的问题只能用because。在强调句型中，也只能用because。as 用于解释做某事的原因，语气较弱，通常位于主句前。since 表示的原因是指众所周知的事实，意思“既然”。语气比because弱。通常位于主句前，并常与as换用for 并列连词，连接并列分句，表示一种补充说明，是推测或判断的理由，语气较弱Because 接从句，because of接名词，代词，动名词2. come up (1)（人）走近；靠近He came up smiling to me 他微笑着向我走来(2)（太阳，月亮）升起The sky was dark blue and clear when the moon came up.月亮出来时，天空是深蓝色的，非常晴朗(3)出席；出现I came up for interview but didnt get the job.我到场接受了面议，但并没得到工作(4)发芽；长出New shoots of bamboo will come up from around the roots of the old ones.从老（竹）竿的根周围又会长出新的幼芽（竹笋）来【拓展延伸】Come up with (针对问题等)提出，想出，提供Come about 发生come across 邂逅come at 攻击，向扑来come from 出身于come out 出版；开花come to 达到；苏醒；谈到come after 跟在后面 come along 一起来，过来 come down 下来，败落 come on 加油，跟我来，进行，进展 come in 进来【即境活用】He_to Beijing days ago; and he will work for months as a visiting professor in Beijing University.A. come up B. camp up C. went down D. leaves for【答案】B 考查动词短语的辨析。come up to 此处意思是“到达-”符合题意。时态与ago保持一致。3. make use of 利用；使用典例 1). You ought to make good use of any opportunity to practise English. 你应该好好利用机会练习英语。短语归纳make good use of 好好利用make full use of 充分利用make the best/most of 充分利用【即境活用】1). 要充分利用一切机会说英语。_2). 我们要很好地发挥她的才能。_答案: 1). Make full use of every chance you have to speak English. 2). We will make good use of her talents.4. such as像这样的（用来列举事物）。I visited several cities, such as New York, Chicago and Boston.我游览过几个城市，像纽约、芝加哥、波士顿等辨析：for example, such as, suchas：that is;for example 用来列举同类中的一个为例，可以是一个句子，也可以是一个单词或词组。在句中的位置较灵活，可位于句首、句中或句尾For example, he is very brave.比如，他非常勇敢。such as 用来列举事物（一类），放在被列举的事物与前面的名词之间，as之后切不可有逗号（列举部分事例）。that is 用来列举全部事物，故在被列举事例前面，并用逗号隔开区别上述三个短语的关键是：1）判断是列举部分举例还是列举全部事例，2）在句中的位置。3) 举例说明还是列举This machine is very useful in daily life, such as in making bread.这台机器在日常生活中是很有用的，比如做面包。suchas 意思是“像那样的”，其中as为介词，不能同etc.和and so on连用。例如：Such men as Edison, Einstein and Lincoln are great men.像爱迪生、爱因斯坦和林肯这样的人都是伟人。【即境活用】The teacher praised him very often, _he is a good student in our class.A. such as B. For example C. such-as D. That is【答案】D5. play a part (in)扮演一个角色；参与【重点句型】even if/though-【基础过关】even if/though是一个连词意思为“即使、虽然”Even if we can go out for play, we wont do.即使我们能出去玩，我们也不想去。【拓展延伸】even if 与even though可以互换，但even if 更强调假定性。引导让步状语从句的引导词although, though, no matter, whenever, wherever, however 等。As也可以引导让步状语从句，但要把其表语，谓语原形，宾语前置，且前置的单数名词不可以用冠词。Whatever you do ,do it well. 不管你做什么，把他做好。Girl as/though she is, she can go alone in the darkness.尽管她是个女孩，她敢一个人走夜路。【即境活用】Im determined to get a seat for the concert _it means standing in a queue all night.A. as though B. Even if C. in case D. so that【解析】B 考查连词辨析。句意“我决心得到一张音乐会的座位，即使意味着整夜排队。”believe it or not信不信由你believe it or not信不信由你（用于口语中，相当于插入语）。Believe it or not, he asked me to tell you a lie!信不信由你，他要我向你说谎！【拓展延伸】可用作插入语的某些不定式短语，常见的还有：to tell the truth 老实说to say nothing of 更不用说to be honest 老实地说to be frank 坦率地说to be exact 确切地说judging from; 依据-判断；（句首常见）generally speaking; 一般说来（句首常见）【即境活用】He isnt all right,_,he isnt right sometimes.A. to be honest B. Generally speaking C. to tell the truth D. that is (to say)【答案】D 考查短语意思辨析语法核心突破祈使句直接引语变间接引语当我们转述祈使句时，通常将原句中的动词变为动词不定式，并在不定式的前面加上ask, order, tell等转述动词，如果祈使句为否定式，在不定式的前面加上not1. 一般变化(1) 如果直接引语是表示命令、请求的祈使句，通常将祈使句的动词原形变成动词不定式，并在动词不定式前加上动词ask, tell, order, advise, invite, request, warm, beg, command, encourage等，其中动词的使用须视句义与说话者当时的语气或态度而定注意：a. 间接引语中引述动词不能用say。b. 如果祈使句是否定形式，则不定式前加上否定词never或not。c. 祈使句中的please在间接引语中必须省去。(2)非祈使句形式的请求、命令等的直接引语变为间接引语，变法同上。“Please sit down and have a rest.” she said to us.= She asked us to sit down and have a rest.【点拨】依据说话者的语气，注意转述动词的选择。2. 特殊变化（1）若直接引语是表示“建议”的祈使句或疑问句，通常变为 “suggested+宾语从句(或动名词)”结构He said,” Lets go to the park.”= He suggested(our) going to the park.【点拨】表示建议、要求、劝告的祈使句都可以用此句型（2）直接引语是感叹句时，间接引语可以用what或how引导，也可以用that引导She said,” What a lovely day it is!”=She said what a lovely day it was.=She said that it was a lovely day.【典型例题】1. The teacher asked us _ so much noise.A. dont make B. not make C. not making D. not to make【解析】选D。考查ask后面复合宾语的用法，即ask somebody to do以及不定式的否定形式，即not to do。2. Please dont stamp the grass. Pardon? I _ stamp the grass.A. tell you dont B. tell you not to C. told you didnt D. told you not to【解析】选D。考查时态。根据情景，应意为“我刚才告诉你”，故主体时态应是I told you；另外应注意的一点和上题一样，即不定式的否定式是not to do。【点拨】掌握祈使句的否定句转换规律【语法专练】将下列句子变为间接引语：1. Mother said to her .daughter, “Hurry up !” _2. “Come at five oclock ,”she said to him ._3. “Dont swim too far, ”I said ._4.He said , “ Lets leave the luggage at the station .”_5.”Let me stay up a little longer tonight , mother .”he begged ._6. He said ,”Happy birthday .”_【参考答案】将下列句子变成间接引语1Mother ordered her daughter to hurry up.2She told me to come at five oclock.3I told/warned the boys not to swim too far.4He suggested leaving the luggage at the station. /He suggested that we should leave the luggage at the station.5He begged his mother to let him stay a little longer that night.6He wished me a happy birthday.高考真题链接1.（2010湖北卷T29）Had he her promise, she would have made it to Yale University. A. looked up to B. lived up to C. kept up with D. come up with 【解析】选B该句是典型的虚拟语气， “if” 引导的非真实条件句的倒装句，描述的事于过去事实是相反的。“如果她当年履行了自己的诺言，她就会进入耶鲁大学了。”look up to（抬头看，尊重）keep up with（跟上，追上）come up with（追赶上；想出；提出），只有live up to（履行，实行）符合题意。2.（2010陕西卷T24） It is reported that many a new house at present in the disaster area. A. are being built B. were being built C. was being built D. is being built【解析】选D。考查动词时态，语态及主谓一致。由时间状语at present可知此处动词表示的动作正在进行，主语与所填词是被动关系；many a+名词单数做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，由此可知本题选D。3.（2009浙江卷T10）It took building supplies to construct these energy-house . It took brains , too .A other than B more than C rather than D less than 【解析】选 B考查固定短语。本句意为去建造这些能源房不仅仅需要建筑设施,而且也需要大脑； other than 除之外； 不同于，非； rather than 而不是；less than 不足、少于；more than 多于； 不仅仅；不限于；选B符合。4.（2009北京卷T4. ）You may use room as you like _ you clean it up afterwardsA. so far as B. so long as C. in case D. even if【解析】选B 考查条件状语连接词义辨析。As far as 远道-，就-而言；so long as 只要，只有；in case 万一，以免；even if 假设，即使。B符合句意5. (2008全国IIT18. ) Little Johnny felt the bag, curious to know what it _.A. collected B. contained C. loaded D. saved【解析】选B 考查动词词义辨析。此处为好奇地想知道书包里装的东西。“包含，组成”之意，contain符合6. (2007.浙江卷)The open-air celebration has been put off_ the bed weather. A. in case of B. In spite of C. instead of D. because of【解析】选D 考查介词短语意思辨析。In case of假如-的话；in spite of 尽管-；instead of 而不是，代替。按照句意此处是指原因。综合效能检测一、 听力（略）二、 单项选择21. All his friends have benefited from the role he_in the company and got jobs for bread.A. taken B. played C. made D. worked22. He visited three cities when he stayed in the U.S.,_New York, Washington and Houston.A. such as B. they are C. which is D. that is23. Children are told to _strangers when they are out without parents.A. watch out for B. come up with C. get along with D. allow for24.-Do you need any help, marry？ -Yes. The job is_I could do myself.A. less than B. more than C. no more than D. not more than25. _what has recently been done to provide more buses for the people, a shortage of public vehicles remains a serious problem.A Except for B. Due to C. Because of D. In spite of26.What_of English he_!A. good command; is at B. a good command; hasC. good command; are D. good command; has27. The hotel offers the highest _of comfort and service.A. rules B. requests C. series D. standards 28. Take an umbrella when you go to Guangzhou because it rains _ there. Amany timesBfrequentlyCover again Denough29. His parents _ him to work in a big company but he failed them.A. suggested B. demandedC. recommended D. hoped 30. Swan Lake is a famous ballet in four acts, _ on a German fairy tale. A. is basedB. basing C. basedD. bases31. Many girl students in the village have dropped out of school in China. the government is always taking measures to offer the chances of being educated. Ain spite of that Bbecause of whichCon account which Din addition to that32. I wonder _ that got the idea of publishing the Guinness Book of World Records. A. who was it B. who it wasC. it was who D. whom he was33A truly creative person can tell the same story time after time and still with fresh ideas Acome along Bcome on Ccome upDcome out34. There is no decision yet _ when the work might start.A. due to B. as toC. in addition toD. owing to35 Do you think I should join the singing group, Mary? _ .If I were in your shoes, I certainly would.A. None of your business BIt depends CWhy not DI dont think so三、完形填空It was the end of my first day as a waitress in a busy New York restaurant. My cap had gone away, and my feet_36 . The loaded plates I carried 37 to be heavier and heavier. Tired and discouraged, I didnt seem able to do anything 38 . As I made out a check for a family with several children who had changed their ice-cream 39 a dozen times, I was ready to stop. Then the father 40 at me as he handed me my tip. “Well done,” he said, youve 41 us really well. Suddenly my tiredness 42 . I smiled back, and later, when the manager asked me how Id like my first day, I said, 43 !” Those few words of praise had 44 everything. Praise is like 45 to the human spirit; we cannot flower and grow without it. And 46 , while most of us are only too 47 to apply the cold wind of criticism to others, we are 48 to give our fellows the warm sunshine of praise. Why when one word of praise can bring such 49 ?Its strange how hesitant we are about praising. Perhaps its 50 few of us know how to accept it. Its 51 rewarding to give praise in areas in which efforts generally go 52 . An artist gets praised for a glorious picture, a cook for a 53 meal. But do you ever tell your laundry manager how 54 you are when the shirts are done just right? In fact, to give praise 55 the giver nothing but a moments thought and a moments effort.36. A. rested B. hurt C. broke D. slipped37. A. remained B. looked C. seemed D. appeared38. A. new B. special C. nervous D. right39. A. order B. price C. material D. chair40. A. stared B. smiled C. glanced D. yelled41. A. called on B. looked after C. passed by D. thought of42. A. arrived B. continued C. disappeared D. developed43. A. Oh B. Well C. Fine D. Terrible44. A. made B. changed C. found D. improved45. A. coolness B. warmth C. snow D. sunlight46. A. then B. thus C. therefore D. yet47. A. ready B. doubtful C. satisfied D. disappointed48. A. unable B. unwilling C. likely D. anxious49. A. attention B. choice C. pleasure D. difficulty50. A. because B. when C. what D. where51. A. finally B. especially C. silly D. fortunately52. A. unnoticed B. unpunished C. unattended D. unbalanced53. A. daily B. light C. perfect D. poor54. A. pleased B. terrified C. embarrassed D. surprised55. A. adds B. leaves C. offers D. costs四、阅读理解AAlthough many Chinese students say that their knowledge of English grammar is good, most would admit that their spoken English is poor. Whenever I speak to a Chinese student they always say, “My spoken English is poor.” However, their spoken English does not have to remain “poor”! I would like to suggest that there may be some reasons for their problems with spoken English. First, they fail to find suitable words to express themselves due to a limited vocabulary. Obviously the better answer is to expand their vocabulary. However, you can speak with a limited vocabulary, if your attitude is positive. Others will follow you as long as you use the words that you know. Second, they are afraid of making mistakes. Sometimes they make mistakes when they are speaking because they are shy and nervous. Yet students should remember that their goal should be FLUENCY NOT ACCURACY（准确性）. Your aim in writing is to be accurate following the rules for grammar and using the right words and spelling them correctly. However, in speaking your aim is fluency. You want to get your message across ,to talk to someone in English ,as quickly and as well as you can ,even though sometimes you may use a wrong word or tense ,but it doesnt matter because the person you are speaking to will understand you and make allowances for any mistakes he hears. The third reason is that not enough attention is paid to listening. You have one mouth but two ears! All that hearing was necessary for you to start speaking. Forth, most Chinese students are reactive rather than proactive language learners. Instead of actively seeking out opportunities to improve their spoken English they passively wait for speaking opportunities to come to them and wonder why their English always remains poor. If you have this proactive outlook, then you will see English opportunities wherever you go. If you do not use your English beyond the classroom you will forget what English you know. Remember: USE IT OR LOSE IT! You can learn how to speak English better by speaking English more. 56What is most probably the writers purpose in writing the passage?ATo improve your reading. BTo improve your listening. CTo improve your spoken English. DTo improve your vocabulary. 57It can be inferred from the third paragraph that . Adont be fluency . Just be accuracyBdont be nervous ,dont be shy . Just write!Cdont be afraid of making mistakes . Just speak!Ddont be shy ,dont be fluency. Just listen and write!58The last paragraph is possibly close to the