钻井英语1.doc

钻井二公司涉外英语培训自编教材二五年八月四日目录一 、单词 .3-10二、钻井常用短语及句子.11-18三、钻井泥浆术语1921四、常用安全术语.2223五、钻井设备英语2428六、钻井英语情景对话29-36附：钻井指令第一节 钻井英语单词38drilling crew 钻井 drill floor,rig floor,floor 钻台 drawworks 绞车well-site, rig-site 井场 rig manager 平台经理 DC (drill collar) 钻铤drilling engineer 钻井工程师 DP (drill pipe) 钻杆toolpusher 带班队长 rotary table 转盘driller 司钻 assistant driller 副司钻 derrickman, monkeyman 井架工 roughneck, floorman 钻工 roustabout 场地工 liner 缸套motor fireman 司机 wellhead 井口circulation & solid system 循环固控系统machinist 机械师,机工,机械大班 electrician 电器师,电工,电器大班 operation program 作业程序(指令) cathead 猫头caravan 营房，大篷车 tong 大钳elevator 吊卡well depth 井深 slip 卡瓦makeup 上扣spud in 开钻 breakout 卸扣ROP (rate of penetration),drilling speed, penetration rate 钻速 trip 起下钻 diesel-engine 柴油机 loss circulation 井漏，循环漏失 working uniform 工作服 brake handle, brake bar 刹把 water well condition 井况 circulating tank, circulation tank 循环罐normal drilling 正常钻井 reserve tank 储备罐parameter 参数 trip tank 补给罐，尖底罐, 起下钻泥浆罐rotary speed 转盘转速 shale shaker 振动筛pump pressure 泵压 WOB (weight on bit) 钻压 mesh 目,网孔;啮合,编织torque 扭矩 screen cloth 筛布displacement 排量 safety meeting 班前会pump stroke 泵冲 shift exchange 交班mud pump 泥浆泵 master 师傅,主人;征服,控制,精通 in charge of 负全责,经营,照顾obtain 获得,得到 according to 根据,依照 normal 正常的,正规的,标准的 introduce 介绍,传入,引进,提出 progress 前进,行进,进展supervisor 监督location 井场,井位inspection 检查,考察,验收cellar 方井soild (control) system 固控系统waste pit 污水池、废水池Top Drive (Drilling System)顶(部)驱(动)钻井系统Project Department 项目部on duty 值班modify 整改、修改 clinic 医务室electic rig 电动钻机disconnect 拆开,分离,断开pipeline 管线order 指令,命令,顺序Company 公司,甲方 Operator 业主,甲方Contractor 承包商,乙方 pump house 泵房schedule 时间表,进度表size 尺寸,大小,尺码information 通知,信息,资料 equipment 设备,装备,器材instruction 指令,指示,说明书SCR house 可控硅房replace 更换,替换,代替brake shoe 刹车块wear out 磨损safety 安全,保险,安全设备fax 传真guy 家伙,人standpipe 立管Campsite 营地crownblock 天车traveling block 游车dog-house 司钻休息室rat hole 大鼠洞 mouse hole小鼠洞spudding inspection 开钻验收fill in 填充catwalk 狭窄的过道,高空走道;高台,天车台 casing float collar 套管浮箍 casing float valve 套管浮阀casing guide shoe 套管引鞋cement水泥,注水泥,结合剂,胶结剂plug 插头safety pin安全销glove手套quick-connector快速接头fire extingwisher灭火器stretcher担架 First Aid紧急救护control board控制板weight mdicator指重表rotary torque indicator转盘扭矩表sling吊绳 绳套 deadline anchor死绳固定器brake system刹车系统drum滚筒safety line保险绳safety belt安全带hydraulic tong液气大钳slip卡瓦 elevator吊卡bit breaker钻头盒chain tong链钳 .pipe tong管钳wrench板手 pliers钳子、老虎钳scissor剪刀cable slot电缆槽 vacuum degasser真空除气器butterfly valve蝶阀desilter除泥器desander除砂器 degasser除气器mud gun泥浆枪 agitator搅拌器leakage漏,泄漏,渗漏 barite重晶石hopper漏斗 piston活塞union油壬 fuel tank燃油罐、高架罐remote control station远控房BOP stacks防喷器组kill line 压井管线choke line节流管线 preventer防喷器annular环空 ram闸板low pressure低压fire blanket消防毯fire sand防火砂kitchen厨房storeroom储藏室bathroom卫生间spudding date开钻日期 spudding time 开钻时间string钻柱BHA（bottom hole assembly）钻具组合drilling jar震击接头drill box钻杆盒drilling program钻井程序、钻井指令drilling fluid钻井液 mix up混和、调配、混淆mud material泥浆材料LCM（lost circulation material）堵漏材料、堵漏剂 mud engineer泥浆工程师day tour白班 night tour夜班drilling progress钻井进度routine inspection例行检查、日常cave塌陷、塌下、井壁坍塌loss漏失 kick井涌hole section井段 casing setting depth套管坐封深度downhole problem（trouble）井下事故undergauge 缩径tight hole井径缩小的井眼tight spot （井径）缩小点、缩小段footage钻井进尺formation地层、岩层、构造、组织make up a joint接单根（立柱）sticking 粘附、刺、卡钻 sticking point卡点free point卡点hook weight悬重unfreeze解卡back-off倒扣 fishing 打捞sidetrack侧钻 back reaming倒划眼soak oil泡油soak releasing 泡解卡剂slough off坍塌ream down划眼borehole operation井下作业deviational survey 井斜测量make a trip 起下钻bouncing 跳跃的、大的、重的、跳钻 bit bouncing 蹩跳bit balling 泥包钻头cutting 切削、切割、切屑、钻屑cutting sample 砂样 mud logging 综合录井sandstone 砂岩 Pooh(pull out of hole) 起钻 RIH(run in hole)下钻junk 落物、金属屑、碎物 junk sub 打捞（落物）接头scrape 擦、刮、擦痕、刮掉bit gauge 钻头规centralizer 扶正器hold pressure 蹩压day rate 日费standby rate 等待日费、待命费run casing下套管 cementing operation固井作业drift casing套管通径 clean thread洗扣geologist地质师、地质学家casing shoe套管鞋thread protector护丝casing tong套管钳wiper trip通井rigid centralizer刚性扶正器guide shoe引鞋 float-collar浮箍accident事故、意外事件slurry水泥浆 WOC（waiting-on-cement）候凝期nipple up安装（防喷器）primary cement job正注固井wireline log电测 test pressure 试压International practice国际惯例choke manifold节流管汇lay down the string倒钻具nut螺母 bolt螺栓、螺钉screw bolt螺栓、螺杆 pipe ram管子闸板shut-down停工 HWDP (heavy weight drill pipe) 加重钻杆calibrate 校正、定标 judgment 判断bleed off ling 排砂(排放)管线commence 开始、着手isolate 隔离、隔绝、绝缘welding 焊接、压实、压结mud property 泥浆性能 MW(mud weight) 泥浆比重 mud density 泥浆密度funnel viscosity 漏斗粘度PV(plastic viscosity) 塑性粘度well control drill 井控演习、防喷演习increase 增大、增加、增大 decrease 减少、降低；减少之量pressure gauge 压力表 casing pressure 套(管)压(力)choke valve 节流阀 coring operation 取心作业hole collapse井壁坍塌pressure surge 压力激动、压力涌动bump pressure 碰压 cement head 水泥头reverse circulation 反循环 cement 水泥，注水泥；结合剂；粘紧，粘牢 cement accelerator 水泥促凝剂cement hardener 水泥速凝剂, 水泥硬化剂cement head (注) 水泥头 cementing jobs 注水泥作业cement job 固井作业cement squeeze 挤水泥bonus 奖金,红利completion job 完井作业 hand pump 手摇泵,手压泵workshop 车间,工场 nipple down 卸下 nipple up 装上,接上,装配,安装ID (inside diameter) 内径torque-on-bit 钻头扭矩tubing bonnet 油管头tubing hanger 油管悬挂器, 油管挂tubing joint 油管接箍landing head (悬挂油管用)油管头,(油管)联顶头 landing joint 联顶节下套管或油管联顶时用 TBG (tubing) 油管spacer fluid 封隔液mud logging unit 综合录井仪cooperation 合作,协作sample sack 砂样袋engage 从事;啮合deadline anchor 死绳固定器,死绳锚drilling cost 钻井成本evaluate 评价,估价,求的值in advance 预先overpressure 过压，超压力swab 抽汲eliminate 排除,消除pipe bouncing 钻具蹩跳 drill string failure 断钻具twist-off 脱扣horizontal well 水平井 vertical well 垂直井stainless steel 不锈钢anticline 背斜porosity 孔隙度potential 潜在的,可能的; 潜能,潜力densimeter 密度计communication 传达,信息,交流,通讯hook velocity 大钩速度 verify 检验,查证,核实confirm 确定,批准,印证incredible 难以置信的 round trip 起下钻resume normal drilling 恢复正常钻进 goal 目的,目标understanding 理解,认识,谅解 kill operation 压井作业 wireline electric log 电测井 GR 自然伽玛 scrap iron 铁屑 cotton yarn 棉纱paint 油漆 cavern 大山洞,大岩洞,溶洞,穴 fossil 化石;陈腐的,守旧的gas-bearing 含气的 water-bearing 含水的DST(drill-stem test) 中途测试, 钻杆测试water loss 失水flow pressure 流动压力daily output 日产量target zone 目的层finishing drilling 完钻thermometer 温度计reserve circulation 反循环build up 建造，安装；压力增加，压力恢复build up a joint Well Control & Drill Procedures井控措施及防喷演习程序LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS缩写表BHP - Bottom-Hole Pressure 井底压力BOP - Blow out Preventer 防喷器CDPP - Circulating drill pipe pressure 循环钻杆压力CP - Casing pressure 套管压力CSG Casing 套管DC - Drill collar 钻铤DP - Drill pipe 钻杆ECD - Equivalent circulating density 当量循环密度EMW - Equivalent Mud Weight 当量泥浆比重FCP - Final Circulating Pressure 最终循环压力Gm Mud weight 泥浆比重HPHT - High pressure high temperature高压高温HWDP - Heavy Weight Drill Pipe加重钻杆ICP - Initial Circulating Pressure初始循环压力LOT - Leak-Off Test地漏测试MAASP - Maximum Allowable Annular Surface Pressure最大容许环空表面压力MD - Measured depth测量深度MEMW - Maximum equivalent mud weight最大当量泥浆比重Ps - Static pressure静压力Q - Flow rate 流量ROP - Rate of penetration机械钻速SICP - Shut-in Casing Pressure关井套压SIDPP - Shut-in Drill Pipe Pressure关井钻杆压力TVD - Total vertical depth垂直总深kill and choke lines 压井和阻流管线 kill fuild 压井液killing well 压井 kill job 压井作业kill line压井管线 kill rate 压井排量kill string 压井管柱 kill-weight-fluid 加重压井液，高比压井液operating skill 操作技巧view point 观点 engage in 从事，啮合primary control 首要控制，一次井控 secondry control 二等控制，二次井控 tertiary control第三位控制，三次井控 safety margin 安全系数circulate out循环带出wildcat 探井pressure surge 压力波动，压力骤增 Kick Control Sheet 井涌控制表circulating bottoms up循环井底至井口的泥浆行程 active mud system在用泥浆系统fill the hole 灌满井眼human failure 人为事故differential pressure压差additive 添加剂 obstruction阻塞， 阻挡evidence 迹象，证明 lower Kelly cock 方钻杆下旋塞 upper Kelly cock 方钻杆上旋塞stripping 强行起下钻potential 潜在的，可能的；势，位 shut-in procedures 关井程序，关井步骤soft shut-in procedures 软关井程序with a careful eye on留心saver sub 保护接头pipehandler 管子操作装置Drillers Method 司钻法water-based system 水基体系implement 执行overcome 克服Daily Drilling Report 钻井日报表up-to-date 现代化的，最新（式）的，当今的 chilksan line活动弯头管线H2S ( hydrogen sulfide) 硫化氢Muster point (Muster board) 紧急集合点（紧急集合点标识牌）Wind sock 风向标SCBA (self-contained breathing apparatus) 呼吸器Oxygen, acetylene 氧气，乙炔Alarm 警报Ambulance 救护车Emergency team 应急小组Fire pump, Fire drill, Fire hose, ax, rope 消防泵，消防演习，消防水龙带,消防斧，消防绳JSA (job safety analysis)工作中安全因素分析HSE (health, safety and environment) 健康，安全，环保Escaping route 逃生路线Inflammables. 易燃物品Work Permit (Permit to Work) 工作许可（证）Safety meeting for running casing, liner, electric log 下套管，尾管，电测安全会PPE (personal protection equipment) 劳保用品Special operation 特殊作业Vehicle inspection 车辆检查Housekeeping 打扫卫生Crane 吊车MSDS（material safety data sheet）泥浆药品安全使用手册first aid box 急救箱Helmet安全帽Safety glasses 护目Fall arrester 防坠器 VIS (viscosity) 粘度PV (plastic viscosity) 塑性粘度YP (yield point) 屈服粘度(流动点)Gels (gel strength) 静切力(胶凝强度)low viscosity低粘high viscosity (hi-vis)高粘 lightweight low-viscosity mud低比重低粘泥浆water tank水罐caustic soda 烧碱dangerous 危险sand trap 沉沙罐、锥形罐trip tank 计量罐pill tank加药罐waste pit 排沙池fluid loss 失水第二节 钻井常用短语及句子(陈永玲编)1.“The upper 300m interval, fill the mud every three joints, later every five joints. Ok?”“上部300米内井段，每下3根套管，灌一次泥浆。以后，每下5根灌一次。可以吗？”2.He nodded, agreeing with him.他点头同意。3.“Use trip tank to measure while filling. In addition, must be slowly while running the casing, prevent to make the formation lose circulation. About this, you must warn your driller.”“灌泥浆时，用补给罐计量。还有，下套管时，一定要慢，避免把地层蹩漏。这一点一定要警告你的司钻！”4.“Take it easy. Ill stand beside the driller while running casing.”“你放心，下套管的时候，我会在司钻旁边。”5.“When to cut guide pipe and nipple up 21 1/4” rotary BOP stack?”“什么时候割导管，安装21 1/4”旋转BOP组？”6.“After the cement setting, you can cut guide pipe and 20”casing, and butt welding the casing head and wellhead assembly.”“凝固后才可以割导管及20套管，对焊套管头及井口组合。”7.“Fluid loss?”“失水率呢？”8.“Less than 200ml.”“小于200ml。”9.“Thickening time?”“稠化时间？”10.120-150 minutes.”“120-150分钟。”11.The pump has problems, repair it immediately. If fails, go to borrow one.”试压泵有问题,赶紧修理,如果修理不好,去借一个来.12.“From whom?” “找谁借？”13.“Rig 906.”“906队。”14.“Has the wellhead been aligned?”“井口校正了吗？”15.“Of course.”“已校正了。”16.“Installed protective sleeve on the casing head?”“装套管头保护套了吗？”17.“Sure.”“装了。”18.“Back-off.”“倒扣。”19.“How many rounds?”“倒多少圈？”20.“18 to 20 rounds.”“18-20圈。”21.“What happened?” The Operating Manager came and asked.“发生什么事了？”作业经理走过来，问道。22.“The liner is worn.”“缸套磨损。”23.“Serious?”“磨损严重吗？”24.“It must be replaced.”“必须更换。”25.“Take care of safety while installation.”“安装时，注意安全。”26.“We will.”“会的。”27.“Notice the floor right now.”“立即通知钻台。”28.“Ive noticed the driller.”“已通知司钻了。”29.“Well control may be subdivided into three phases: Primary control; Secondary control and Tertiary control. So, what is the Primary control?” Zhou asked.“井控可细分为三个阶段：首要控制（一次井控）、二等控制（二次井控）和第三位控制（三次井控）。 那么首要控制指什么？”周队长问道。30.If it severely losses, we can adopt the following 9 steps:如果漏失严重，应采取以下9个步骤：(1) Observe the well. 观察井况(2) Determine the depth of the mud level below the rotary table if practical. FILL THE HOLE. 如果实用，确定转盘以下的泥浆液面深度，“灌满井眼”。(3) Determine the fluid gradient which can be supported by the loss zone. 确定漏失带维持的流体梯度。(4) Mix a high concentration pill of various sized lost circulation material in 10-15 m3 of mud and spot this across or above the loss zone. 配1015m3大小不同、含高浓度药丸堵漏材料的堵漏泥浆并注入到漏失带（穿过或在漏失带上方）。(5) Subsequently pull the bit above the loss zone, preferably into the casing, and circulate a lighter fluid throughout the system to regain returns. Always maintain the total hydrostatic head in excess of pore pressures in open hole.随后从漏失带起出钻头，最好起到管鞋内，循环轻质液体贯穿体系以获得返出。循环时，总是保持总的静水压头超过裸眼里的孔隙压力。(6) Attempt to seal off the loss zone by spotting special lost circulation plugs, such as: Gunk, pills, cement plugs, etc.尝试注入专用堵漏塞封闭漏层，如：油泥、泥丸、水泥塞等。(7) Attempt to cement off the loss zone.尝试用水泥封隔漏层。(8) If field experience has proven LCM materials ineffective during severe losses, pumping of cement as soon as possible will often be the best alternative.严重漏失期间，如果现场经验证明LCM材料无效，尽可能快地泵入水泥堵漏常常是最佳的替代办法。(9) When expecting lost circulation problems a LCM pill should be premixed.”预料到会出现井漏事故时应预先调配LCM药丸。”31.In order to reduce the swabbing effect, it is good practice to follow these precautions:为了减少抽汲效应，最好遵循下列措施：- Perform a complete circulation before pulling out. 起钻前完整循环一周；- Condition the mud to optimize its rheological properties; 调节泥浆，优化其流变特性；- Limit string pulling out speed. 限制起钻速度。32.“How many methods to circulate out kicks?”“有几种循环带出井涌的方法？”33.“Four. The Drillers Method; The Wait and Weight Method (supervisors method); The Volumetric Method and Bullheading. Now, listen to the brief introduction first, then the details, OK?”“有四种。司钻法；等候及加重法（监督法）；体积法；压回地层压井法。现在，先听我概述一下，然后再细讲，好吗？”34.“Thats correct. Now Ill issue the preparations for a drill.“正确。现在我要讲讲井控演习的准备工作有哪些：(1) Ensure equipment for blowout prevention is always operational and available.保证防喷设备一直有效运行；(2) Ensure an up-to-date pre-kick record is available at all times.保证最新的预井涌记录一直有效；(3) Check the capacity of the Koomey (accumulator) unit (must be at least sufficient to close and open all preventers once and then to close the annular preventer and 1 ram type preventer again).； 检查Koomey（储能）装置的容量（容量必须至少足够关闭和打开所有防喷器一次，然后再关闭环空防喷器和1个闸板式防喷器）；(4) Check that the following are present: 检查下面提供的东西：(a) Adequate fluid in the accumulator 储能器里有适当液体；(b) Kelly cock (in open position) with wrench on the rig floor 方钻杆旋塞（处于开位），钻台上有用于（操作方钻杆旋塞）扳手；(c) Crossovers on the kelly cock for tubulars in the drill string or tubing 方钻杆旋塞上的转换（工具）用于（连接）钻柱或油管里的管子；(d) Gray valve and matching circulating sub on the rig floor 钻台上有格雷阀及匹配的循环头；(e) Back-up circulating equipment (hose and/or chiksan lines hooked up to standpipe manifold. 备用循环设备（软管和/或钩在立管管汇上的活动弯头管线）；(f) Short pup joint (to connect to top drive). 短节（连接顶驱）；(5) Ensure the pit level and trip tank level indicators and the flow show are properly adjusted and functioning.保证液面指示器、补给罐液面指示器和流量显示器调节适当且功能正常；(6) Ensure the audible alarm in the panel by the Driller is working. Note: The alarm must always be switched on.保证司控台上的视听报警器工作正常。提示：报警器必须一直打开；(7) Ensure the well remains filled via the trip tank at all times.保证一直用补给罐往井里灌浆；(8) Place the wrench for closing the kelly cock within hands reach.关闭方钻杆旋塞扳手唾手可得；(9) Ensure the valves on the BOP, kill lines, choke lines and choke manifold are correctly lined up according to the Shut-in Procedure. 保证BOP上的阀门、压井管线、节流管线和节流管汇根据关井程序正确排列；(10) Ensure the indicators for monitoring closing / opening of BOP rams is working correctly.确保监视BOP闸板关/开指示器工作正常。35.The above preparations must be done before a drill. Understand?”每次井控演习都必须做上述准备工作，明白吗？”36.“Yes, sir. We usually do like that.”“明白，先生。我们也是这样做的。”37.”The guide shoe and float-collar have been connected?“引鞋和浮箍都接好了吗?”38.Yeah.they are laid down on the catwalk.Will you go to check?“接好了,放在跑道上,要不要去看一下?”第三节 钻井泥浆术语(裴朝军编)1、 Careful and keep away. Its caustic soda. 小心，离远点，这是烧碱。Thank you. 谢谢。2、 Mix two bas of LCM in mud system. 在泥浆中加两袋读漏剂。OK. 好吧。3、 Dont forget to record trip tank volume during tripping. 起下钻中不要忘了记录计量罐液量。4、 There is a increase in No. 3 mud tank, because Im transfering mud to that tank. 三号罐液面增加了，因为我在向那个罐倒泥浆。5、 We need lightweight, low-viscosity mud in surface drilling. 我们要用低比重、低粘度泥浆打表层。6、 Now we pump 5 barrels of hi-vis mud to sweep the hole. You tell me how many strokes. 现在我们打5桶高粘清扫井眼，你告诉我是多少冲。7、 Get weighting materials (chemicals) ready. We need to increase mud weight. 把加重材料（药品）准备好，我们要提比重。8、 The sand trap if full of cuttings.