高中化学知识.doc

(Fe2+Fe3+Ag+Cu2+)(CN-SCN-)H2OFe2+Fe3+KSCNFe3+Fe3+Ag(NH3)2ClH2PtCl6Cu(NH3)4(OH)2Fe(SCN)3Co(NH3)3Cl3SO42-:BaCl2HNO3Cl-AgNO3HNO3CO32-:HClOH-H+Ba2+H2SO4HNO3Ag+HClHNO3NH4+NaOH.(1) HClNaOH NaCl(2) BaCl2Na2CO3NaClH2SO4(3)HCl AgNO3NaClNa2CO3(4)NaOHBaCl2NaClCuSO4HClNaOH NaCl(1)HClNaOH NaClNaOH(2)HClNaCl(3)HCl(4)NaClBaCl2H2SO4 Na2CO3 (1)BaCl2H2SO4 Na2CO3 (2)H2SO4 Na2CO3 ;(3)H2SO4(4)Na2CO3 2FeHClHCl1. H2SO4 H2SO4 CO32- SO32- S2- NO2- CN- BaCl2 BaCl2 SO42- SO32- PO43- S2O32- AgNO3+HNO3 AgNO3 HNO3 Cl- I- Br- CN- S2O32- Ag2S H2SO4 KI NO2- a I2 H2SO4 0.1%KI I2- SO32- C2O42- S2O32- S2- CN- b KMnO4 H2SO4 0.03%KMnO4 SO32- S2O32- S2- C2O42- Br- I- NO2- 2. SO42- BaCl2 BaSO4 HCl HNO3Ba2+SO42- = BaSO4 SO32-a BaCl2 BaSO3 HCl SO2Ba2+SO32- = BaSO3 BaSO3+2H+ = Ba2+H2O+SO2 b I2- SO32-+I2+H 2O = SO42-+2I-+2H + Cl- AgNO3 AgCl HNO3 HCl NH3 H2OAgCl+2NH3 H2O = Ag(NH3)2+Cl -+2H2O Br-a AgNO3 AgBr HCl HNO3 NH3 H2O Ag+Br- = AgBr b CCl4 CCl4 Cl2+2Br- = 2Cl-+Br2 I-a AgNO3 AgI HNO3 NH3 H2O Ag+I- = AgI b I- I2 CCl4 I2 CCl4 2I-+Cl2 = 2Cl-+I2c I2 S2- a S2-+Pb2+ = PbS S2-+Zn2+ = ZnS b S2- H2SO4 HCl ZH+S2- = H2S CO32- 2H+CO32 = H2O+CO2 CO2+Ca(OH)2 = CaCO3 +H2O PO43 a PO43 b AgNO3 HNO3 3Ag+ PO43 = Ag3PO4 Ag3PO4+3HNO3 =3 AgNO3+H3PO4 NO3 a H2SO4 NO3 FeSO4 b NO3 NO2 a NO2 b HAc KI CCl4 I2 CCl4 2NO2 +2I +4H+ = 2NO+I2+2H2Oc HAC FeSO4 CN 6CN +2CuS = 2 Cu(CN)3 2 +S2 +S CuS 1. NH4+ a NH4+ NH3 NH3 pH NH4+OH NH3 +H2Ob 2. Na+ a Na+ b 3. K+ a K+ , b K+ c 4. Ca2+ a CaC2O4 Ca2+C2O4 2 = CaC2O4 b 5. Mg2+ Mg2+ I 6. Al3+ Al3+ NaOH NaOH Al3+OH- = Al(OH)3 Al(OH)3+OH- ( )= AlO2-+2H2O7. Fe3+ a Fe3+3SCN- = Fe(SCN)3 b 4Fe3+3Fe(CN)6 4- = FeFe(CN)63 8. Fe2+ a 3Fe2+2Fe(CN)6 3- = FeFe(CN)62 b Fe2+ NaOH 9. Cu2+ a Cu2+ H+ b Cu2+ NH3 H2O NH3 H2O 10. Co2+ Co2+ SCN- Co(SCN)42- 1. Cl2NO2Br211. Br212. CuCu2OFe2O3Fe(OH)3Cu2(OH)2CO3,FeSO4*7H2OCu(OH)2,CuSO4*5H2OCuO,FeO,FeS,CuS,MnO2,C,Fe3O4,FeO,Ag2SS,Na2O2,AgBrAgI,Ag3PO413. Cu2+Fe2+Fe3+MnO4-14. Na+k+15. SO2Cl2:1. (,)2. Fe3+3. Fe3SCN-4. Fe2Fe3+()5. Fe(OH)2(),Fe(OH)3.6. 7. 8. :HClO(,HClO,HClO)O3H2O29. ,.10. ()()11. ()12. 2NO()O2=2NO2()13. NO2()=N2O4() (,)(,)14. CuOH2COCCu15. ()16. ,(Cu(OH)2)(Cu2O)17. ()CH3COO Pb2Ba2SO42Ba2SO32Sn2SO42AgClHg(Hg2Cl2) Cl18. Cu2Cu(OH)2.19. Fe2Fe(OH)2,Fe(OH)3.20. Fe3Fe(OH)31. Cl2NO2Br22. Br23. CuCu2OFe2O3Fe(OH)3Cu2(OH)2CO3,FeSO4*7H2OCu(OH)2,CuSO4*5H2OCuO,FeO,FeS,CuS,MnO2,C,Fe3O4,FeO,Ag2SS,Na2O2,AgBrAgI,Ag3PO44. Cu2+Fe2+Fe3+MnO4-5. Na+k+6. SO2Cl2:1. (,)2. Fe3+3. Fe3SCN-4. Fe2Fe3+()5. Fe(OH)2(),Fe(OH)3.6. 7. 8. :HClO(,HClO,HClO)O3H2O29. ,.10. ()()11. ()12. 2NO()O2=2NO2()13. NO2()=N2O4() (,)(,)14. CuOH2COCCu15. ()