(英语提高培训)八年级知识点精讲精练(UnitS 7—10).doc

学习英语的重要方法是：反复读、反复听、反复理解、反复识记！ （英语提高培训）八年级知识点精讲精练（UnitS 710）一、点击短语Unit 7 Would you mind turning down the music ?1.turn down (音量)放小，（光线）调暗turn up (音量)放大，（光线）调亮turn on 打开（开关、按钮）turn off 关（开关、按钮）2.not at all 一点也不 3.right away = in a minute 立刻，马上4.do/wash the dishes 洗碗 5.put on 穿上（动作） 6.help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事7.make posters 制作海报 8.have a long telephone conversation 煲电话粥 9.wait in line 排队10.cut in line 插队 11.follow sb. around 跟在某人周围12.get mad = get annoy = get angry 生气，感到恼火13.try (not) to do sth. 尽力（不去）做某事 14.seem like 看上去像15.even if/though 尽管、即使16.take care = be careful 小心 17.in public places 在公众场合 18.in public 公开地，当众地19.break the rule 不遵守规则20.put out 熄灭 21.pick up 捡起、拾起 Unit 8 Why dont you get her a scarf?1.photo album 相册 2.leave school 毕业离校 3.take care of = look after 照顾，照看4.too to 太而不能5.these days 目前，现在 6.a pot-bellied pig 大肚猪7.not at all 根本不,一点也不 8.fall asleep 入睡 9.give away 分发，赠送10.pay for 付的款11.rather than 而不是12.in different ways 以不同的方式13.as as 与一样14.native speakers 说本族语的人15.encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事16.make progress 取得进步17.the Olympic Committee 奥委会18.have fun with sth. 做某事有乐趣= have fun doing sth.19.hear of 听说20.take an interest in = be interested in 对感兴趣21.make friends with 和交朋友 Unit 9 Have you ever been to an amusement park?1.have been to 到过某处2.an amusement park 游乐园3.a water park 水上公园4.a roller coaster 过山车5.see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事see sb. do sth. 看见某人做了某事6.walk around 四处走动7.take a ride 兜风8.on board 在船上9.take different routes 走不同的路线 10.end up 结束11.argue with sb. 与某人争吵12.an English-speaking country 说英语的国家13.an exchange student 交换生14.a flight attendant 一名机组乘务员15.a tour guide 导游16.such as 例如17.listening skills 听力技能18.in Southeast Asia 在东南亚19.take a holiday 度假20.three quarters 四分之三21.have problems (in) doing sth. 做某事很费劲22.during the daytime = in the day 在白天23.all year round 全年,一年到头24wake up 醒来，唤醒，叫醒Unit 10 Its a nice day, isnt it?1.small talk 闲聊2.ook through 浏览，快速查看3.a thank-you note 一封感谢信4.be friendly to sb. 对某人友好5.feel like (doing) sth. 想要（做）6.have a hard/difficult time doing sth 费了很大的劲做某事7.come along 到达，出现，跟着来，赶快8.get along/ on 相处9.at least 至少 二、聚焦考点1. wait _ line排队; cut _ line插队 Linda doesnt like _ , so she often _ .A. standing in line; cut in line B. standing in line; cuts in lineC. stand in line; cut in line D. stands in line; cuts in lineMany people _ in line to get into the cinema when I passed by. A. waited B. was waiting C. were waiting D. was cutting2. get _ with sb=get annoyed with sb生气 She got _annoyed _ him because he was late again.My father got _he heard I couldnt pass the exam. Annoy B. annoyed C. annoys D. annoying3. wait _ sb/sth等候 ；wait _ do sth 等候做某事；cant(couldt) wait to do st迫不及待做某事4. sb be _ to do sth某人被允许做某事； allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事 Mother doesnt _ me to drive a car. A. let B. allow C. make D. haveHe isnt allowed _ TV. A. to watch B. watching C. watched D. watch5.(1) mind用作动词时，意为“介意”、“反对”，常用来表 示委婉、客气的请求。含动词mind的常见句式有: . Would/Do you mind doing?意为“你介意吗?”“请你好不好?”例如: Would you mind_(close)the door?关上门好吗? Would you mind _(help) me? “ Would/Do you mind+人称代词宾格或 形容词性物主代词+doing.意为 “做某事，你介意吗?”。 = Do you mind if sb do sth?Do you mind my _(close) the window? 我把窗户关上，你介意吗?=Do you mind_ I close the window? Would you mind _(she) smoking in public?Would you mind _ _(我用)your dictionary.构成“Would you mind not doing . ?” 否定 , 例如:Would you mind not _( stand ) here? Would you mind not _( be ) late again?Lily, would you mind _(not wear) the old shirt?Would you mind _ (wait) in line?Would you mind _(不制造)a noise ? 答语: 表示不反对或不介意时常用以下句式: No, please do.(好吧，请。)- Certainly not.(当然不介意。) Of course not.( 当然不介意。) No, go ahead.(完全可以。) Would you mind me sitting here? -_. There is nobody else A. Not at all B. Yes, please C. No, please dont D. Sorry, but you can tWould you mind my using your dictionary?-_.A. Yes, please B. Of course not C. Youre welcome D. My pleasureWould you mind giving me another one?-_.A. No, not at allB. Yes, I would C. Yes, not at all D. No, I mind-Would you mind me_( smoke)here? -No, please do.好的，请便。 -Do you mind _I turn on the TV?我打开电视你介意吗?-Certainly not.当然不介意。 -Would you mind my standing here?你介意我站在这 理吗? -Not at all.没关系。 如果不同意或不赞成某人做某事，就不要说”Yes, I mind”，应说“Sorry/I m sorry” Yes，you d better not”或“I wish you wouldnt”，然后再陈述拒绝或反对的理由。例如: -Would you mind my turning off the fight?, .l1我把灯关 掉，你介意吗? -I m sorry. I havent finished my work.(=I wish you wouldn t. I havent finished my work.)对不起，我还没 有完成我的工作。 “I dont mind.“意为“我不介意”。例如: What do you think of talk shows?你觉得访谈节目怎么样? -I dont mind them.我不关心那些节目。 Never mind.意为“没关系，、“不要紧性。用于应容对方的致歉。如: 一Im sorry. I came in a hurry and forgot to bring food. 对不起，我来得匆忙，忘记带吃的了。 -Never mind. You can have ours. 没关系，你可以吃我们的。 6. turn down意为“(声音)关小点”，反义turn _“(声 音)开大”意义相反。如: Please turn _he radio. Its noisy.请把收音机声音 关小点，它太嘈杂。 Its time for the weather report. Turn _the TV. 到天气预报的时候了，把电视声音开大些。 Your father is sleeping. Could you _ (turn up/turn down) die TV?类似短语:turn _打开(电源),turn _关上( 电. 源)，如: Will you please turn _ the computerine？请打开电脑好吗?， Remember to turn _ the light when you leave the room. 记住离开房间时把灯关掉。 7. not at all.不，一点也不介意。 Not at all在本句中意为“没关系: ，一点也不介意”，Not at all它还有“不用谢”的含义，=Youre welcome.= Thats all right./Thats OK/Its a pleasure. 1)Would you mind cleaning the yard?你介意打扫院子吗? -No, not at all. 不，一点也不介意。 2)-Thank you for your help.谢谢你的帮助。 -Not at all.不用谢。 8.right away意为立刻，马上 = in a minute/at once /before long。如: Ill return these books to the library _ _. 我将立刻 把这些书还到图书馆。 The bus will leave at once/in a minute. 公共汽车马上要离开了。 I _( wash) my clothes in a minute. He will come back _ a week.9.stand“容忍，忍受”。用于否定句和疑问句，强调不喜 次;不用于现在进行时。can t stand doing sth.“无法忍受 做某事”， I can t _ the weather here.我无法忍受这儿的天气。 He cant stand _(stay)here any longer.他无法忍受继 续呆在这里。 I cant stand him _(copy) my homework.我无法忍受他抄我的作业。I cant stand_(stay) out late.I cant stand_( cut)in line.10. talk to sb 意为“跟说、对、说”，类似的表达有: talk with sb和谈话),talk about sb/sth(谈论人或物)。如: Im talking _you from the hospital.我现在在医院为你 报道。Who are you talking _?你在和谁谈话? 11. polite adj. be polite to sb.“对 某人有礼貌”We should _ _ _ our parents.我们应该对我们的父母有礼貌。 *It s polite of sb. to do sth.某人做某事是礼貌的。 It s polite t _ him to give his seat to the old man.他很有礼貌，把自己的位置让给那位老年人。 注意：Its adj. for sb to do sth (强调做事的性质) Its adj. of sb to do sth(强调人的品质的性质)Its kind _ you to say so.Its important _ you to learn English well.You should be polite _ the old. A. to B. for C. of D. as (2) politely adv.“有貌的” （ true-truly） We should speak to others_.我们应该对别人说话有礼貌。 ( 3 ) impolite “没有礼貌的”impolitely adv“粗鲁地” 12. voice, sound, noise:在这组词中，voice可以作名词或动词;sound可以作名词、动词、形容词和副词;noise只能 用作名词。这里仅就它们作名词表示“声音”时的用法进行 辨析:1) voice专指人的声音(如说话，唱歌，笑的时候发出 均声音等)。偶尔也指禽，虫鸣叫的声音，但一般不用于指 其他动物的叫声。2 ) sound表示能听见的任何声音。 The sound of musc 电影3) noise通常是指大而令人不快的噪音，嘈杂声，喧闹声等。4) sound和noise常与劝词make连用，而voice则不能和 make连用。 I heard the sound of running water. 我听见流水声。 Light travels faster than_. 光比声音传播得快。 Dont make any _!别吵闹!I think the singers _ is very sweet. A. voice B. noise C. Sound noisyThe_ wakes me up.噪音吵醒了我!The noise of traffic kept him awake.The girl has a beautiful sweet _.那女孩嗓音很甜美。They are talking in low voices.他们正小声交谈。When the teacher came into the classroom，our monitor spoke in a loud voice，“Stand up!”老师走进教室时，班长大声喊：“起立!”13. (1) take care“小心，仔细” Take care!=_ careful!=Look _ !小心(2) take care of = look after/care for“照料/照顾” ； take good care of = look after.well /care for.well“好好照料/照顾”Could you please take good care of my dog?请你照料一下我的狗好吗? = Could you please _ _ my dog _?Please take _ (good/well)care of your books.(3) take care to do sth.“当心做某事” take care not to do sth.“当心不要做某事” Take care not_break the glass.小心别弄坏了杯子。 (4 ) careful adj.“小心的，仔细的”; carefully adv.“小 心地，仔细地” be careful to do sth.=take care to do sth.=do sth. carefullly“小心做某事” He was careful to open the box. =He _ _ to open the box. =He opened the box _街.他小心翼翼地打开盒子。 Be careful of/ with sth.“小心/注意某事” Be careful _ your glasses.当心别弄坏了你的眼镜。 14.end up 结束，结尾 ； end up doing sthDo you _ this story _ ?你知道这个故事是怎样结尾的吗?His birthday party _ an English song. A. end up singing B. ended singing C. ended up to sing D. ended up with singing15. have a problem (in)_( do) sth.做某事有问题 =have difficulties (in) doing sth= have trouble (in) doing sth 另外，have fun (in) doing sth=have a good(great) time (in)doing sth These children had fun _ and _ English. A. learn; speak B. to learn; to speak C. learning; speaking D. learnt; spoke She had a great time _in Disneyland. A. play B. plays C. played D. playing16. during the daytime=_the day在白天 17. Neither的其他用法 (1) neither用作形容词，表示“(两者)都不”置于单数名词之前。 Neither boy_(be) going there.两个男孩儿都不打算去那里0 (2) neither用作代词，表示“两者都不，双方均不”。可 单独使用，也可以与Of连用。例如: He answered neither of the letters.他两封信都没回。 -Which one would you like, coffee or tea? -_. Id like orange juice A. either B. Neither C. Both (3)neither用作连词，常用短语为neither nor. . .， 表示“既不也不”。例: Neither Tom nor Mary _(know)how to do the work. 注:neither和nor 后面接同一词性的单词或短语。 neither nor结构用作主语时，谓语动词必须与nor后面的名词或代词在人称及数上保持一致，即所谓的就近原则。例如: Neither he nor I _(be) right. Neither I nor my mother _noodles. A. like B. likes C. have liked D. has been liking 在表示“既也”，即“两者都”时，常用短语both. . and. . .;表示“或者或者 “”(即二者选一)时，常用短语 either.or. . . Both Jim and Ann _(be) to China before. Either her parents or she _ (have/has) been in China for 2 years. My sister isnt good at English.-_am I. A. Either B. Too C. Neither D. So David has seen the movie. -_. A. Me, neither B. So do I C. So have I D. Neither do I Would you like to go to the movie? If he does, so _I. A. do B. would C. am D. will If you dont go to the party, _ . A. so do I B. neither do I C. so will I D. neither will IIts difficult for me to decide which one to choose, because _ of them are good. A. neither B. both C. either D. each18. population “人口” population常与定冠词the连用，作主语用时，谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式。例如: The population of Chongqing _(be) more than 30，000，000.重庆有三千多万人口。区别: The number of the students _(be) 2000. A number of students _ (have) already seen this movie. 当主语是表示“人口的百分之几、几分之几”时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如:- About seventy percent(百分之) of the population in China a _(be) farmers .中国大约有百分之七十的人口是农民。 注意区别： About 50% of the food _(have/has) gone bad.表示人口的“多”或“少” ，不用 “much”或“little”，而要用“large”或“small”。例如: India has a _ population.印度人口众多。 Singapore has a_ population.新加坡人口少。 The Population of China is larger than that of America.中 国人口比美国多。 The population of Chongqing is _ than _ Kunming. A. larger, in B. larger. that of C. much more, that in I D. bigger, it is in 问某国某地有多少人口时不用 “How much. . ?”，而用“How large.”;在问具体人口时用。 “What.?”。例如: How large is the population of your hometown?你们家乡有多少人口? -The population of Canada is about 30,000,000.加拿大的人口大约有三千万。-_ _the population of Canada加拿大的人口有多少? 有时population可用作可数名词，其前可用不定冠词。例如: China a population _ about 1. 3 billion.中国大约有十三亿人口。 New York is a big city with a population _ over 10 million.纽约是一个有一千多万人口的大城市。19. 分数的表达:分数由分子及分母两部分构成。用英语表达时，分子用基数词，分母用序数词。若分子大于1，则分母的序数词后加s。1/2 =one (a) _或one second(one-second) 1/4=one(a) _或one-quarter 举例如下 二分之一a/one half=one second 三分之一one _ 三分之二two _ 四分之三three _=three quarters 五分之二two _ 十分之九nine _ 在英语中，分数作主语时，谓语动词的数一定要与分数后面的名词取得一致。 如:Two thirds of the students_( were /was)late today. One third of my fathers hair _( is/are) white. A quarter of the students _ (want) to visit the park.Dinner will be ready soon, two thirds of the food _(be) on the table now.20. 强调句结构句式是“It + be+被强调成分+that. . .”。被强调的是简单 句的主语、宾语、宾补或状语，不能强调谓语、定语或表语。 强调对象是人作主语时可用who，作宾语时用whom，其余 一律用that, It was because I could speak English _ I got the job.正是因为我会讲英语我才得到了这份工作。（强调原因状语从句）_was my father who/that did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.是我父亲昨天晚上在实验室做实验。_ was at the gate of the school_ I met Tom.正是在校门口我见到了汤姆。 _ was last week _ I attended an art exhibition for the first time.是上周我才第一次参观一个艺术展览。 _ was because he was ill _ he didnt come to school yesterday.正是因为他病了昨天才没来上学。 21._noon在中午之前 = in the middle of the day We usually have a rest _ noon. A. at B. in on D. /22. look _ 浏览 Will you _your paper to see if there are any mistakes before you hand it in? A. look after B. look through C. look up D. look around23. (1) feel like+名词，意为“觉得好像”。 It feels like rain soon.好像马上就要下雨了。 (2) feel like + doing;意为“想做” = want to do sth =would like to do sth. I dont feel like _(eat) anything now.我现在什么都不想吃。He wants to watch TV tonight.= He_ _ watch TV tonight.= He feels _ _TV tonight.24._ least至少 ; at most 至多-Whats the price of the car? _ (至少)100，000 yuan.25. (1)cross是动词=walk/go across 表示“穿过、越过、渡过”。 The old man is _(across) the road.这位老人正在过马路。 Be careful when you cross the street.过街时你要小心。= Be careful when you _ _the street.( 2 ) across是介词，强调从一定范围的一边到另一边，且在物体表面上或沿着某一条线的方向而进行的动作，其 含义常与介词on有关，常和表示“走”一类的动词(如: walk , run . fly, jump等)连用。 Go _ the bridge, and you H find the park. 越过这座桥，你就会找到公园。 The little girl ran _ the road.这个小女孩横穿马路。 Its dangerous for the kids to go _ (cross) the busy street.The Great Wall of China, the longest wall in the world, runs_north China like a huge dragon. A. cross B. across C.to cross D. crossing( 3 ) through是 介词，表示从某一范围的一端到另一端， 但它表示的动作是在内部空间进行的，往往指穿过沙漠、 森林、窗户等。 The river runs_ the city.这条河从这座城市中间流过。 Can you see it_ this window?你能透过这窗户看到它吗? Look! Those children are walking _ the park.On a cold morning, they walked quickly _ the forest(森林)。26.(1)此处sure是副词，意为“的确，一定”。 It sure was a cola day.的确是个冷天。 (2)口语中可以单独使用，表示“同意”。 -Are you going?你去吗? Sure.当然啦。 (3)sure还常用作表语。其用法如下: be sure of表示“对有把握，肯定”。 be sure that从句表示“确定，确信”。 Im sure that he will come.我确信他能来。Can I try it on? -Im _you can. A. sure B. certainly C. make sure D. surely be sure to do sth. /be sure of doing sth 表示“一定，肯定做某 ” Im sure that he will come.= He is _ _ come.他一定会来。 He is sure _ he will succeed. A. of B. to C. that D. what27. Thank you so much for inviting (=asking)me.非常感谢你 邀请我。 = Thank you so much for your _. 另外， Thanks for helping me. = Thanks for _ _. (1)这是对别人提出邀请的礼貌答语。Thanks for后接名词或动名词形式，用for引起要表示致谢的原因，表示 “因为而感谢你”。表示感谢简单最常用的方式是 Thank you或Thanks(这是更随便的说法)Eg.Thank you for_( tell)me.谢谢你告诉我。 Thank you for a delicious lunch.谢谢你的美味午餐。 Thank you for _(give) me so much help.谢谢你给了我如 此多的帮助。 . Thanks for your help. -_. A. No, thanks B. Let me see C. It doesnt matterD. Thats OK (2) invite作及物动词，后常跟“人”，也常与to连用，表 示“邀请某人去”。 invite sb to do sth邀请某人做什么；invite sb to +场所 邀请某人去参加什么Eg. Mr Brown often invites us _( watch) his English classes.She invited us_her party.她邀请我们参加她的 聚会。如果你当面邀请人，不可用invite;需用would you like 来表达。Eg. a)-Would you like to come to the party?你们愿意来参加聚会吗? -Yes, Id love to. But I have much homework tonight. b) -Would you like some coffee? Yes, please./ No, thanks. c) Would you like _?Yes, please.A. something to drink B. anything to drink C. drink something D. drink anything28. (1)both表示“(两者)都”，在句中常用在系/即情态动词之后，行为动词之前。both of you/us/them/the twinsEg. They both go to this school.他们俩都在这所学校 读书。 (主语同位语)=Both of them _(go/goes) to this school. (主语)We_swim. A. can both B. both canThe two girls _ students. A. both are B. are both both 的反义：neither (注意：neither作主语谓语用单数) Neither of the two students_ (come) from Australia. Both of us are teachers. 否定：_ of us _ a teacher. both .and . 否定：neither.nor. I like both English and Chinese. 否定： I like _ English _Chinese.(2) both常与and连用，意为“不但、而且; 既又一”、用于连接两个并列成分。若连接两个主 语时，谓语动词须用复数形式。 both.and.; Eg. Both New York and London_ (have/has) traffic problems.纽 约和伦敦都存在交通问题。 (3 )get along也可写作get on，表示“相处”。sb get along well/badly with sb与某人相处的好（不好）Eg. You should try to get along_ (good) with your classmates.Do you get _ well _ your parents?你和父母相 处得好吗? She got along well with her classmates last year._ _she get along with her classmates? 29. it可用来指代身份不明的人-Who is _?是谁呀？-Its me, Mary.是我，玛丽。 -Who is at the door?谁在门口?-I