翻译作业 华师大.doc

Translate the following passages with the help of dictionariesPassage 1中国加入世界贸易组织之后，可能会在中国的高校中引发一系列重大改革，其中包括向各类投资者开放高等教育领域，以及在高校课程设置上进行重大改动。After Chinas accession to the World Trade Organization, a series of major reforms might be triggered in its colleges and universities, which involve the opening of its higher education sector to assorted investors and major changes in the curriculum arrangement.今后将有更多国外高校进入中国市场，这将给国内高等教育机构带来冲击。中国政府将考虑引进国际金融机构以及外国政府和私人的投资，以扶植中国的教育。In the future, there will be more foreign university to enter the Chinese market, which could impact on the domestic institutions of higher education. The Chinese government will consider the introduction of international financial institutions and foreign governments and private investment to support Chinas education.随着中国加入世贸组织，一些中国高校正在改革它们的课程设置。包括信息技术、生物科技、金融和法律在内的百分之五到十的主要课程将会采用英文授课。With Chinas accession to the WTO, some Chinese colleges and universities are the reform of their curriculum. Including information technology, biotechnology, financial and legal, from 5 to 10 percent of the main courses would be taught in English. 据报道，教育部现正大力开展英文教材的编写和原版英文教材的引进工作。与此同时，短期职业培训和网上培训也正在吸引更多寻找工作或进修机会的学生。It is reported that the Ministry of Education is making a great effort to compile English textbooks and introduce original English textbooks into China. At the same time, short-term vocational training and online training are attracting more students who are looking for a job or an opportunity for further study.Passage 2从1952到90年代初的40年间，由于政府对高等院校的巨额财政补贴，大多数中国大学生接受了免费的高等教育。他们毕业时也愿意接受政府分配的任何工作。 In the span of nearly four decades from 1952 to the early 1990s, most Chinese college students received free higher education thanks to the governments huge financial subsidies to college and universities. In return, the students were willing to take whatever jobs they were assigned by the government upon graduation.然而，20世纪90年代初，中国的高等院校开始收费。目前，有相当一部分大学生，尤其是来自农村贫困地区的大学生，感到日益增长的学费是难以承受的负担。However, in the early 1990s, Chinese colleges and universities began charging tuition. Currently, quite a number of Chinese college students, especially those from the poor rural areas, are finding the ever-increasing tuition fees a burden too heavy to bear. 因此，北京市政府最近对高校学费做了规定，要求把学费控制在一个适当的范围内，目的是使来自低收入家庭的学生能够接受高等教育并最终完成他们的学业。 Therefore, the Beijing municipal government has recently had rules for college tuition, fees demanded by the control in a proper range, the purpose is to make students from low-income families can accept higher education and eventually complete their education.目前，北京的十多所著名大学，如北京大学、清华大学、中国人民大学和北京师范大学，经过研究都同意把学费确定为每年人民币5000元（约折合600美元）。At present, more than ten famous universities in Beijing, such as Peking University, TsinghuaUniversity, Renmin university of China and Beijing normal university, the study agreed with the tuition fees for 5000 yuan (about $600) a year.Passage 3 Many Americans, especially parents, are concerned about the charge of higher education. They feel that rising charges threaten to make higher education inaccessible to many people. 70 percent think that higher education is being priced beyond the income of the average family, as compared to only 44 percent who feel that the house is being priced out of reach. 很多美国人，尤其是作父母的，对高等教育的收费忧心忡忡。他们感到，日益上涨的高等教育收费是一种威胁，会把很多人拒之大学门外。70的美国人认为，高等教育的收费超过了普通家庭的经济承受能力。相比之下，只有44的人认为房价过高，难以承受。The public is divided on whether most qualified and motivated people currently have an opportunity to go to college, with 47 percent saying that there are many who do not have the opportunity. The public is also divided on whether students from low-income families have equal opportunity to get higher education than others. 46 percent give a negative answer. /关于大多数符合条件而又有求知欲的人现在能否有机会上大学，大家对此众说纷纭。有47的人认为很多这样的人没有得到上大学的机会。至于低收入家庭的孩子是否享有平等的接受高等教育的机会，公众对此也表示了不同的看法。有46的人认为并非如此。Despite all of the anxiety, Americans seem confident that most of those who are qualified and motivated are currently able to go to college. Parents of high school students are optimistic that their children will be able to get a higher education. Of these parents, nearly all say they will find a way to work out the costs. 尽管忧心忡忡，美国人似乎仍然很有自信，认为大多数符合条件、有志于求学的人目前都能上大学深造。高中生家长感到乐观，认为自己的孩子能够接受高等教育。这些家长几乎都说，他们将想方设法供孩子上大学。Only one fourth of parents of young children are very worried that they wont be able to afford to send their children to college. However, most people agree that if someone really wants to go to college, they can find a way to pay for it, even if they have to go to school and work at the same time. 仅有四分之一的父母非常担心无力供孩子上大学。但大多数人一致认为，真正想上大学的人总会找到筹集学费的方法，纵然是勤工俭学也未尝不可。Passage 4As Chinas economic development is attracting more and more attention from all over the world, primary school children in Britain are to be taught Chinese as part of government plans to increase the number of pupils who are fluent in the language. It is hoped that the move will place future workers in a better position to exploit Chinas accelerating economy. 随着中国的经济发展日益受到世界的关注，英国小学生将开始学习汉语。这成为英国政府计划中的一个部分，旨在培养出更多能熟练使用汉语的学生。大家普遍希望这项举措能使未来的建设者更好地利用中国飞速增长的经济。Last year, more than 5,600 pupils learned Chinese in British primary schools, almost all of whom are from ethnic Chinese background. The British government hopes to triple the figure within three years by persuading more native English speakers that Chinese, which is spoken by more people than any other language, does not deserve its reputation for complexity. 去年，英国小学中有5 600多名学生在学习汉语，这些学生几乎都来自有华裔血统的家庭。英国政府希望，3年之内将这一数字增加2倍, 让更多的本土人士相信,这种世界上使用人数最多的语言并非像传言中的那样复杂。British diplomats in Beijing are recruiting teachers throughout China for British schools, and examination boards are devising ways to make the subject more accessible to pupils. The moves are being driven by the assumption that Chinas present world-beating growth rate of 7 percent a year will lead to its displacing Japan as the worlds second largest economy within 30 years. 驻北京的外交官们正在全中国为英国学校招聘教师，考试委员会正在设计方案以使这门课程更容易被小学生所接受。这些举措是出于这样的一个推测，即目前中国每年以7%的经济增长率领先于其他国家，照现在的速度，30年之内他就会取代日本成为世界第二大经济强国。Within five years there will be nearly 2,000 specialist secondary schools receiving extra funding, with more than 250 concentrating on languages. Most of those will offer Chinese courses. Primary schools are being asked to prepare younger children for the new strategy. This, in the long run, will undoubtedly help promote the understanding and cooperation between Britain and China. 5年内将有近2000所中等专科学校受到额外赞助，其中有250多所是语言学校，这些学校中的大多数将开设汉语课程。人们要求小学培养年幼的孩子适应这一新的策略。从长远来看，这无疑会促使中英两国之间的理解与合作。Exercises 2: Translate the following passages with the help of dictionariesPassage 1目前，上海每100对新婚夫妇中就有3对属于涉外婚姻，居全国首位。 在20世纪80年代初，涉外婚姻开始快速增长，这主要得归因于当时新施行的对外开放政策。Currently, there are three international marriages for every 100 newly wedded couples in Shanghai, which ranks top in China. In the early 1980s, such marriages began to increase rapidly, which was mainly attributed to the then newly implemented policy of opening up to the outside world. 当时有一些中国女性希望通过嫁给外国人来改善自己的生活条件。然而由于双方在年龄、教育层次和语言上存在差异， 因此有不少这样的婚姻最终破裂了。At that time, some Chinese women hoped to marry foreigners to improve their living conditions. However ,because there existed differences in age, education and language , many of such marriages finally split.1985年以来，随着大量外资涌入华东沿海地区，越来越多的海外员工也被派遣到上海工作，这就为上海人与外国人之间相互交流和相互理解提供了更多的机会。Since 1985, with a great deal of foreign funds pouring into east Chinas coastal areas, more and more foreign employees have been sent to work in Shanghai. This has provided more chances for Shanghai natives and foreigners to communicate with and understand each other. 自1989年以后，上海涉外婚姻数量飞速增长，而婚姻质量也有所提高。 随着上海社会、经济和文化的迅速发展，越来越多的跨国情侣们都选择定居在这座大都市。 Since 1989, the number of international marriages in Shanghai has increased rapidly and the marriage quality has also improved. With the rapid social ,economic and cultural development in Shanghai, more and more transnational lovers choose to live in this metropolitan city.Passage 2按照国家关于价格听证的规定，民航票价需要通过举行公开的听证会来确定。新的民航价格改革方案在确定了机票最高限价的同时，还确定了最低限价。 According to thecountryaboutthepricehearingstipulation,thecommercial aviationticketpriceneedstodeterminethrough theholdpublicpublichearing. The new commercial aviation price reform plan while had determined the airplane ticket is highest which limits the price, but also had determined limits the price lowly.对于消费者而言，今后将可以直接公开享受到票价优惠政策。以前“暗箱操作”带来的折扣往往被中间商拿去不少。 现在，乘客将是所有折扣的直接受益者。Speaking of the consumer, from now on might direct enjoy publicly to the ticket price preferential policy. Before “the camera operation” brings the discount is often taken away by the middle man many. Now, the passenger will be the all discount direct beneficiary.对于航空公司来说，新的航空运价政策将进一步规范航空运输市场秩序，制止恶性竞争。航空公司必须严格执行最低限价，这样才能保证收入水平，避免亏损。 For airlines, the new air freight rate policy will further standardize the order of air transport market, to prevent vicious competition. The airline must be strictly implemented a minimum price, so as to guarantee the income level, avoid losses. 同时要促使它们更灵活地运用价格，通过加强技术应用、提高管理水平和数据的可靠性，增加收益。 新的运价政策将对乘客、航空公司和国民经济产生深远的影响。 Use price to make them more flexible, at the same time by strengthening technology, improve the level of management and data reliability, increase income. New pricing policy will be to passengers, airlines have significant influence on national economy.Passage 3Americas birthrate fell to a record low last year, the lowest since 1909, while the percentages of premature and low birth-weight babies climbed, continuing the rise of recent years. The rate fell to 13.9 births per 1,000 women aged 15 to 44, down 1% from the year before and 17% from its most recent peak in 1990, according to the official statistics. 去年，美国的出生率降到了自1909年来的新低，而早产儿和体重过低婴儿的比率近年来持续上升。据官方统计，每1,000个15到44岁的妇女中的新生儿是13.9个，比前一年下降了1%，更比最近的一次的尖峰期的1990年下降了17%。A major factor in the decline in the birthrate has been the reduction in births to teenagers in recent years. The birthrate among teens fell to its lowest level, 43 births per 1,000 females 15 to 19 years old, when rising teen pregnancy rates set off alarms and prompted a variety of groups to start campaigns promoting birth control. 出生率下降的主要因素是近年来青少年怀孕生产的个案减少。在有所提高的青少年怀孕率引起人们的警觉，并就此采取了一系列的生育控制行动之后，青少年的生育率降到了最低，15到19岁的女性每1000人中的新生儿为43个。Other factors have also played an important part in the decline of the US birthrate in the past decade, including the aging of the population. Official statistics have indicated that American women in their prime child-bearing years have been choosing to have fewer children and, as the population ages, there are fewer women in their 20s and 30s. 在过去10年里，其它对美国出生率下降起主要作用的因素还有人口的老龄化。官方统计称，美国在黄金生育期的妇女选择少生孩子，而总人口中，20岁到40岁这个年龄段的人数减少。Although the birthrate for unmarried women in the United States declined last year to 43.6 per 1,000 unmarried women 20 to 44 years of age, yet this group still accounted for more than one-third of all births, an increase of nearly 7 percent over the past year. In short, America is increasingly a society of seniors and less one of young people. 虽然去年美国20到44岁未婚妇女的出生率下降到每1000人43.6个新生儿，但这组人仍占总出生率的三分之一强，并比前一年增加了7%。总之，在美国，老年人在增加而年轻人在减少。Passage 4Approximately 50 percent of all marriages in the U.S. end in divorce. In many cases, single-parent families are created, where one parent (usually the mother) takes responsibility for raising the children. Many people believe that its better for children to live in peace with a single parent than to live with both parents when the marriage is unhappy. 大约在美国所有的50的婚姻以离婚告终。在很多情况下，单亲家庭的创建，其中一个家长（通常是母亲）采用了抚养孩子的责任。许多人认为这是更好地为孩子和平相处，而不是生活在父母结婚时不满单亲。However, others feel that the presence of both parents is very important