final exam preparation-no answers.doc

英语国家概况期末复习题（第I卷 客观题 共45分）I. 选择题 (共30分; 每题1分)U.K.1. The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on _ . A. passing the billsB. advising the government C. political partiesD. public attitude 2. The policies of the Conservative Party in Great Britain are characterized by pragmatism and _ . A. government intervention B. nationalization of enterprises C. social reform D. a belief in individualism 3. _ is the oldest university in the English-speaking world. A. Oxford University B. Cambridge University C. Harvard University D. Yale University 4. Cabinet members are chosen by _ in Britain. A. the monarch B. the Prime Minister C. the Archbishop D. the Lord Chancellor 5. English belongs to the _ group of Indo-European family of languages. A. CelticB. GermanicC. Indo-IranianD. Roman6. _ is the longest river in Britain. A. The River ThamesB. The Severn River C. The Lough NeaghD. The Clyde River7. The following Christmas traditions are particularly British except _ . A. Trooping the ColorB. Queens Christmas message C. Boxing Day D. Christmas pantomime 8. Among Britains quality press, the following newspapers are regarded as the “Big Three” with the exception of _ . A. The Times B. The Guardian C. The Observer D. The Daily Telegraph 9. According to a 2005 estimate, Britain now has a population of over _ million. A.160B. 600C. 60D. 1610. The two main islands of the British Isles are _ . A. Great Britain and IrelandB. Great Britain and Scotland C. Great Britain and Wales D. Great Britain and England 11. British Prime Minister _ once said that, “Britain and the United States will stand side by side”. A. Neville ChamberlainB. Winston ChurchillC. Margaret ThatcherD. Tony Blair12. The Labor Party affected the British society greatly in that it _ . A. set up the National Health ServicesB. improved public transportationC. abolished the old tax systemD. enhanced the economic development13. _ government introduced the biggest changes in British economic policy since World War II. A. Winston ChurchillsB. Margaret ThatchersC. John MajorsD. Tony Blairs14. _ is a representative of English Critical Realism at the turn of the 19th century. A. Robert Louis StevensonB. John MiltonC. Joseph ConradD. Charles Dickens15. The Whig Party later merged with other reformist groups to form _ in the U.K. in the mid-19th century. A. the Tory PartyB. the Conservative PartyC. the Labor PartyD. the Liberal Party16. Samuel Johnsons dictionary was influential in establishing a standard form of _ in English. A. grammarB. handwritingC. spellingD. pronunciation17. The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of _ words to English. A. Danish and FinnishB. Dutch and GermanC. French and ItalianD. Latin and Greek 18. _ was not among the four self-governing dominions in the British Empire. A. AustraliaB. CanadaC. IndiaD. the Union of South Africa19. Of the following sectors in Britain, _ has experienced spectacular growth since the end of World War II. A. agricultureB. energy industryC. service industryD. manufacturing industry20. _ has more Nobel Prize winners than any other institution in Britain. A. Oxford B. CambridgeC. The University of LondonD. Kings College London21. Writers of _ literature are more concerned with imagination and feeling than with reason and intellect. A. RenaissanceB. Neo-ClassicalC. RomanticD. Victorian22. The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of _ . A. the House of ValoisB. the House of YorkC. the House of TudorD. the House of Lancaster23. Tourists from all over the world come to enjoy the beauty of Scottish scenery, to drink Scotch whisky and to see Scotsmen wearing _ . A. bagpipes B. WelshC. Gaelic D. kilts24. The _ marked the establishment of feudalism in England. A. Viking invasionB. signing of the Magna CartaC. Norman Conquest D. adoption of common law25. Commonwealth Day is an annual event celebrated on _ each year. A. the second Sunday in MayB. the third Sunday in MayC. the second Monday in MarchD. the third Monday in March26. Britains important fishing areas include all the following except _ . A. the North SeaB. the English ChannelC. the sea area around IrelandD. the sea area between Britain and Ireland27. _ is the most left-wing of these newspapers in Britain. A. The TimesB. The GuardianC. The Daily TelegraphD. The News of the World28. Aestheticism is the belief that artists have no obligation other than to strive for beauty-“art for arts sake”. The most important representative of Aestheticism is _ . A. Thomas HardyB. Oscar WildeC. Virginia WoolfD. William Butler Yeats29. The direct cause for the Religious Reformation was King Henry VIIIs effort to _ . A. divorce his wifeB. break with RomeC. support the ProtestantsD. declare his supreme power over the church30. _ is viewed as Romantic poetrys “Declaration of Independence”. A. “I Wondered Lonely as a Cloud”B. Don JuanC. “Preface to Lyrical Ballads”D. Prometheus UnboundU.S.31. The U.S. lies in _ North America, with Canada to the north, Mexico to the south, the Atlantic to its _ and the Pacific to its _ . A. northern, east, westB. central, east, westC. southern, west, eastD. western, east, west32. “No taxation without representation” was the rallying slogan before _ . A. World War IB. World War IIC. the War of IndependenceD. the American Civil War33. The Constitution of the United States _ . A. gives the most power to CongressB. gives the most power to the PresidentC. gives the most power to the Supreme CourtD. tries to give each branch enough power to balance the others34. The following except the _ are guaranteed in the Bill of Rights. A. freedom of religionB. freedom of speech and of pressC. right to get into peoples house by policeD. right to own ones weapon if one wishes35. Of the following persons, the _ can NOT make legislative proposal in the U.S. A. Secretary of StateB. PresidentC. RepresentativeD. Senator36. Of the following subjects, _ are NOT offered to elementary school students in the U.S. A. mathematics and languagesB. music and physical educationC. science and social studiesD. politics and business education37. Abraham Lincoln issued _ to grant freedom to all the slaves in the U.S. A. Bill of RightsB. ConstitutionC. Declaration of IndependenceD. Emancipation Proclamation38. The terms for a Senator and a Representative in the U.S. are _ and _ years respectively. A. six, twoB. two, threeC. two, sixD. two, four39. The National Day of the United States falls on _ . A. June 4thB. July 4thC. June 14thD. July 14th40. _ is regarded as “the father of American literature”. A. George WashingtonB. Thomas HardyC. Washington IrvingD. Thomas Jefferson41. Higher education in the United States began with the founding of _ . A. New York UniversityB. Harvard UniversityC. Princeton UniversityD. Yale University42. The first shots of the American War of Independence were fired in _ . A. BostonB. Concord C. LexingtonD. Philadelphia43. Pilgrim Fathers are a group of _ who came to America to avoid persecution in England. A. minersB. tradesmen C. convictsD. puritans44. The eastern part of the United States consists of the highlands formed by the _ and the western part consists of high plateaus and the _ . A. Appalachian Range, Rocky MountainsB. Appalachian Range, MississippiC. Rocky Mountains, Grand CanyonD. Mississippi, Grand Canyon45. _ is the largest state in the whole United States and _ is the largest state in the part of the U.S. that is on the mainland. A. Alaska, CaliforniaB. Alaska, TexasC. Rhode Island, New YorkD. Rhode Island, New Jersey 46. In the United States, the Bill of Rights _ . A. defines the rights of Congress and the rights of the PresidentB. guarantees citizens of the United States specific individual rights and freedomsC. has no relationship with the ConstitutionD. is part of the Declaration of Independence47. The modern American economy progressed from _ to _ , and eventually, to _ . A. colonial economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyB. colonial economy, farming economy, industrial economyC. farming economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyD. handcraft economy, farming economy, industrial economy48. The Supreme Court in the United States is composed of _ justices. A. nineB. tenC. elevenD. twelve49. The characteristic of dominant American culture is _ . A. English-speaking, northern European, Protestant and upper-classB. English-speaking, western European, Protestant and middle-classC. English-speaking, northern European, Roman Catholic and middle-classD. English-speaking, western European, Roman Catholic and upper-class50. The following inventions took place during the “second industrial revolution” except _ . A. electric lightB. refrigeratorC. telephoneD. typewriter51. Of the following, _ is NOT a characteristic of Mark Twains works. A. a realistic viewB. a sense of humorC. an idealistic viewD. colloquial speech52. The first successful English colony in North America was founded at _ in _ . A. Jamestown, LouisianaB. Boston, MassachusettsC. Jamestown, VirginiaD. Plymouth, Georgia53. America produces a major portion of the worlds products in the following fields except _ . A. automobilesB. chemicalsC. machineryD. oil54. F. Scott Fitzgeralds finest novel is _ , and its theme is about _ . A. Tales of the Jazz Age, the loss of oneselfB. Tender is the Night, loveC. The Beautiful and the Damned, the evil of human natureD. The Great Gatsby, the American Dream55. Of the following books, _ is NOT written by Ernest Hemingway. A. A Farewell to ArmsB. For Whom the Bell TollsC. The Sound and the FuryD. The Sun Also Rises56. The policy of the United States was _ at the beginning of the two world wars. A. appeasement B. full involvementC. neutralityD. partial involvement57. The native Alaskan population includes the following except the _ . A. IndiansB. EskimosC. AleutsD. Blacks58. The first National Bank of the United States was established with the urge of _ . A. Alexander HamiltonB. Andrew JacksonC. George WashingtonD. Thomas Jefferson59. Of the following universities, _ has NOT cultivated any American Presidents yet. A. Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyB. Harvard UniversityC. Princeton UniversityD. Yale University60. Of the following writers, _ is NOT a Nobel Prize winner. A. Alice WalkerB. Ernest HemingwayC. Eugene ONeilD. William Faulkner61. The following except _ are all powers of the U.S. President. A. appointing federal judges when vacancies occurB. making lawsC. issuing executive ordersD. vetoing any bills passed by Congress62. Since 1959, the United States has been a country of _ states. A. 49 B. 50C. 51 D. 5263. _ is the third largest city in the United States. It serves as the main connection between the eastern coast cities and the West. A. Chicago B. DenverC. Los Angeles D. San Francisco64. The distribution of the population in the U.S. is rather uneven. The most densely populated region is the _ part of the country. A. northeastern B. southeasternC. southwestern D. northwestern65. President Roosevelt, in his attempt to tackle the economic depression in the 1930s, introduced his famous _ . A. neutrality policyB. new dealC. new monetarist policiesD. “Great Society” policyAustralia66. As an ideal place for investments, Australias foreign capital mainly comes from _ . A. Japan and the United StatesB. Britain and FranceC. Japan and South KoreaD. Germany and Switzerland67. _ is the date celebrated as Australia Day. A. November 26th, 1388B. December 26th, 1588C. January 26th, 1788D. February 26th, 198868. _ is/are mainly responsible for education in Australia. A. Federal governmentB. State governmentsC. Territory assembliesD. Municipal government69. The first time that Australia developed a foreign policy independent of Britain was _ . A. after the establishment of the Commonwealth of AustraliaB. after World War IIC. during the Great Depression of the 1930sD. during the Pacific War in World War II70. Australias economy depends largely on _ . A. agriculture B. manufacturing C. foreign trade D. tourism71. The Howard governments foreign policy was based on relations with four key countries, namely _ in Australia. A. the U.S., Japan, Britain, ChinaB. the U.S., Japan, China, IndonesiaC. the U.S., Japan, Britain, IndonesiaD. the U.S., Britain, China, Indonesia72. Australian system of teaching and school discipline put emphasis on the following except _ . A. learning by discovery and questioningB. self-disciplineC. outward disciplineD. encouraging students interest in learning73. _ is Australias capital. A. Sydney B. MelbourneC. Brisbane D. Canberra74. In 2005, the population of Australia was about _ million. A. 20B. 30C. 40D. 5075. _ is renowned for its unique plant and animal species. It is estimated that there are around 20,000 to 25,000 different plants native to the land. A. AustraliaB. CanadaC. The United KingdomD. The United States76. Most anthropologists believe that the Aborigines in Australia migrated from _ at least 50,000 years ago. A. east AsiaB. south AsiaC. southeast AsiaD. North Asia77. The Commonwealth of Australia was established in _ . A. 1847B. 1885C. 1900D. 190178. Australia is a leading supplier of _ to international markets. A. agricultural productsB. hi-tech productsC. industrial productsD. mineral resourcesCanada79. The _ holds the highest position in the Canadian parliamentary system. A. British CrownB. Governor GeneralC. PresidentD. Prime Minister80. The _ is the largest political party in Canada. A. Liberal PartyB. Conservative PartyC. Canadian Labor CongressD. New Democratic Party81. _ is the second largest country in the world. A. AustraliaB. CanadaC. The United KingdomD. The United States82. _ is the largest city in Canada and _ is the capital city. A. Vancouver, TorontoB. Montreal, OntarioC. Toronto, OttawaD. Quebec, Dawson83. _ recognized Quebec as a “distinct society”. A. The Meech Lake AccordB. The Quebec ActC. The Constitutional ActD. The British North America Act84. The influence of _ has declined gradually in Parliament in todays Canada. A. the Conservative PartyB. the Canadian Labor CongressC. the Cooperative Commonwealth FederationD. the New Democratic Party85. _ was Canadas first woman Prime Minister. A. Pierre Trudeau B. Brain Mulroney C. Jean Chretien D. Kim Campbell86. In Canada, the largest religious denomination is _ . A. the Protestant ChurchB. the Roman Catholic ChurchC. the Puritan ChurchD. the Anglican Church87. If applicants meet the basic requirements for an immigrant to Canada, they need to do the following except _ . A. applying for citizenshipB. taking a medical examC. paying an application feeD. paying a landing fee88. The _ on the border between Canada and the U.S. are the largest group of freshwater lakes in the world. A. Great LakesB. NiagaraC. Lough NeaghD. Lake Eyre89. The name “Canada” is said to have derived from the Huron word “Kanata”, meaning “_”. A. oceanB. northC. villageD. ice90. In 1497, the voyage led by an Italian captain discovered the eastern shores of Canada, which was claimed as _ . A. New South WalesB. NewfoundlandC. New EnglandD. New Hampshire91. In the early _ , both Britain and France founded permanent settlements in Canada. A. 1400sB. 1500sC. 1600sD. 1700s92. After the famous Seven Years War, _ lost all of its colonies, and the whole Canada came under _ control. A. Britain, FrenchB. France, BritishC. Spain, IndianD. India, Spanish93. With the passage of the _ in 1931, Canada was recognized as an equal partner of Britain. A. British North America ActB. Canada ActC. Declaration of IndependenceD. Statute of WestminsterII. 读图题 (共5分; 每题1分)Important places: London, Oxford, Liverpool, Manchester, Edinburgh , River Thames, Scotland, Wales, New York, Philadelphia, Washington D.C. Boston, Florida, Miami, Texas, Houston, California, San Francisco, Los Angeles, Seattle, Chicago, Niagara Falls, Mississippi River, Appalachian Range, Rocky Mountains, Montreal, Toronto, Ottawa, Quebec, Vancouver, Melbourne, Sidney, Canberra, Perth, Darwin, Brisbane, Northern Territory, Western Australia, Queensland, Southern Australia, New South Wales, Victoria, TasmaniaIII. 判断题 (共10分; 每题1分)U.K.1. The British history before 55 BC is basically undocumented. 2. The majority of the people in Britain are descendants of the Anglo-Saxons. 3. London is one of the three principal financial centers of the world. 4. People in different parts of Britain like to