2014年北京师范大学翻译硕士考研经验、历年考研真题解析.pdf

1 育明教育夏老师整理 文档内容包括 2016 年北京师范大学翻译硕士考研参考书 历年考研真题解析 学姐笔记 考研经验 考研大纲 北师大翻硕考研模拟题 翻译技巧 招生人 数 报录比等 北师大翻译翻译硕士考研参考书推荐 育明教育夏老师整理 文档内容包括 2016 年北京师范大学翻译硕士考研参考书 历年考研真题解析 学姐笔记 考研经验 考研大纲 北师大翻硕考研模拟题 翻译技巧 招生人 数 报录比等 北师大翻译翻译硕士考研参考书推荐 1 庄绎传 英汉翻译简明教程 北京 外语教学与研究出版社 2002 2 叶子南 高级英汉翻译理论与实践 北京 清华大学出版社 2001 3 张汉熙 高级英语 修订本 第 1 2 册 北京 外语教学与研究 出版社 1995 4 张卫平 英语报刊选读 北京 外语教学与研究出版社 2005 5 张岱年 中国文化概论 北京 北京师范大学出版社 2004 2010 6 夏晓鸣 应用文写作 上海 复旦大学出版社 2010 2014 年北师大翻译硕士考研真题 翻译硕士英语 词汇语法单选 20 个 语法考的很多 单词比较难 记得有 superfluous stepson 阅读前 II 篇客观选择 1 篇 genius 雅思阅读 The Nature of Genius 10 个问 题 在网上找到原文了 There has always been an interest in geniuses and prodigies The word genius from the Latin gens family and the term genius meaning begetter comes from the early Roman cult of a divinity as the head of the family In its earliest form genius was concerned with the ability of the head of the family the paterfamilias to perpetuate himself Gradually genius came to represent a person s characteristics and thence an individual s highest attributes derived from his genius or guiding spirit Today people still look to stars or genes astrology or genetics in the hope of finding the source of exceptional abilities or personal characteristics The concept of genius and of gifts has become part of our folk culture and attitudes are ambivalent towards them We envy the gifted and mistrust 2 them In the mythology of giftedness it is popularly believed that if people are talented in one area they must be defective in another that intellectuals are impractical that prodigies burn too brightly too soon and burn out that gifted people are eccentric that they are physical weaklings that there s a thin line between genius and madness that genius runs in families that the gifted are so clever they don t need special help that giftedness is the same as having a high IQ that some races are more intelligent or musical or mathematical than others that genius goes unrecognised and unrewarded that adversity makes men wise or that people with gifts have a responsibility to use them Language has been enriched with such terms as highbrow egghead blue stocking wiseacre know all boffin and for many intellectual is a term of denigration The nineteenth century saw considerable interest in the nature of genius and produced not a few studies of famous prodigies Perhaps for us today two of the most significant aspects of most of these studies of genius are the frequency with which early encouragement and teaching by parents and tutors had beneficial effects on the intellectual artistic or musical development of the children but caused great difficulties of adjustment later in their lives and the frequency with which abilities went unrecognised by teachers and schools However the difficulty with the evidence produced by these studies fascinating as they are in collecting together anecdotes and apparent similarities and exceptions is that they are not what we would today call norm referenced In other words when for instance information is collated about early illnesses methods of upbringing schooling etc we must also take into account information from other historical sources about how common or exceptional these were at the time For instance infant mortality was high and life expectancy much shorter than today home tutoring was common in the 3 families of the nobility and wealthy bullying and corporal punishment were common at the best independent schools and for the most part the cases studied were members of the privileged classes It was only with the growth of paediatrics and psychology in the twentieth century that studies could be carried out on a more objective if still not always very scientific basis Geniuses however they are defined are but the peaks which stand out through the mist of history and are visible to the particular observer from his or her particular vantage point Change the observers and the vantage points clear away some of the mist and a different lot of peaks appear Genius is a term we apply to those whom we recognise for their outstanding achievements and who stand near the end of the continuum of human abilities which reaches back through the mundane and mediocre to theincapable ThereisstillmuchtruthinDrSamuelJohnson s observation The true genius is a mind of large general powers accidentally determined to some particular direction We may disagree with the general for we doubt if all musicians of genius could have become scientists of genius or vice versa but there is no doubting the accidental determination which nurtured or triggered their gifts into those channels into which they have poured their powers so successfully Along the continuum of abilities are hundreds of thousands of gifted men and women boys and girls What we appreciate enjoy or marvel at in the works of genius or the achievements of prodigies are the manifestations of skills or abilities which are similar to but so much superior to our own But that their minds are not different from our own is demonstrated by the fact that the hard won discoveries of scientists like Kepler or Einstein become the commonplace knowledge of schoolchildren and the once outrageous shapes and colours of an artist like Paul Klee so soon appear on the fabrics we 4 wear This does not minimise the supremacy of their achievements which outstrip our own as the sub four minute milers outstrip our jogging To think of geniuses and the gifted as having uniquely different brains is only reasonable if we accept that each human brain is uniquely different The purpose of instruction is to make us even more different from one another and in the process of being educated we can learn from the achievements of those more gifted than ourselves But before we try to emulate geniuses or encourage our children to do so we should note that some of the things we learn from them may prove unpalatable We may envy their achievements and fame but we should also recognise the price they may have paid in terms of perseverance single mindedness dedication restrictions on their personal lives the demands upon their energies and time and how often they had to display great courage to preserve their integrity or to make their way to the top Genius and giftedness are relative descriptive terms of no real substance We may at best give them some precision by defining them and placing them in a context but whatever we do we should never delude ourselves into believing that gifted children or geniuses are different from the rest of humanity save in the degree to which they have developed the performance of their abilities 后 II 篇问答 1 篇讲 happiness 一道问你是否同意 hapiness is simple 并举 例 1 篇讲英女皇伊丽莎白 幼时受教育的问题 两道解释句子 一个解释单词 Paraphrase 考的多还有 summary 作文 400 字 电脑 能不能代替老师 要求举例 翻译基础 词组 有几个是 chinadaily 词汇 5 goldman sachs 高盛投资集团 corkage fee 开瓶费 Cash cow 摇钱树 bite the hand that feeds one 恩将仇报 ransliteration 音译 黄皮书yellow book 唱对台戏 put on a rival show 起步价flag fall price 保质期 Expiration date 点名 roll call 无形资产 intangible assets 中国梦 Chinese dream 语内翻译 intralingual translation 豆腐渣工程 jerry built projects 民间艺术 chinese folk arts 小排量汽车 low emission cars 田径 track and field 中译英原文 丰子恺先生有这样一段文字 有一回我画一个人牵两只羊 画了两根绳子 有一位先生教我 绳子 只要画一根 牵了一只羊 后面的都会跟来 我恍然自己阅历太少 后来留心 观察 看见果然如此 前头牵了一只羊 后面数十只羊都会跟去 就算走向屠场 也没有一只羊肯离群而另觅生路的 后来看见鸭也如此 赶鸭的人把数百只鸭放 在河里 不需用绳子系住 群鸭自能互相追随 聚在一块 上岸的时候 赶鸭的 人只要赶上一二只 其余的都会跟了上岸 即使在四通八达的港口 也没有一只 鸭肯离群而走自己的路的 丰子恺先生在这里说的是动物们的盲目 然而 无数事实证明 盲目恰恰 不是低等动物们的专利 作为高等动物的人何尝不是如此呢 英译中是以作者第一视角讲述的散文 大意是要留心生活中自然存在的声 6 音 The world itself has its own soundtrack 原文尚未找到 汉语知识百科 很难 有永字八法 梅兰芳和国外什么戏曲比较轧染艺术 冰裂纹 图腾还有对董仲舒德育智育的理解 天人合一 书法反应自然 前面 还考了好多理解性的题目 写作应用文写作 求职信 450 字以上 题设身份 北京师范大学计算机专业学 生 应聘某公司某部门主管 求职信 命题作文 专业与职业 800 字以上 第五章 词类转换法 一 转换成汉语动词 英语和汉语比较起来 汉语中动词用得比较多 这是一个特点 往往在英语句子 中只用 一个谓语动词 而在汉语中却可以几个动词或动词性结构连用 英语中同一单词 具有不止一 种词性的现象较之现代汉语普遍 而且英语动词可以通过本身的词形变换转变成 名词而不改 变原来的含义 汉语没有这种词形变化 但可以灵活运用连动式 兼语式和动宾 结构 因此 英语中不少词类 尤其是名词 介词 形容词和副词等 在汉译时往往可以转换 成动词 一 名词转译成动词 英语中大量由动词派生的名词和具有动作意义的名词以及其他一些名词经常可 以转译成 汉语的动词 1 动名词和由动词派生的名词往往转译成动词 No other changes occur upon mixing the two compounds 把这两种物质混合起来不会发生其他变化 2 具有动作含义的名词转译成动词 1 He was accused of neglect of his duties 7 他被指控玩忽职守 2 Astudy of the letter leaves us in no doubt as to the motives behind it 3 由动词加后缀 er 或 or 构成的名词转译成动词 That well known scientist was a great lover of literature when he was a child 那位著名科学家小时候酷爱文学 2 I am afraid I can t teach you swimming I think my little brother is a better teacher than I 英语中有些带后缀 er