初二英语语法大全.docx

一般将来时 一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或者存在的状态。通常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next year, next month, next week, in 100 years等。 be going to do （动词原形）结构：表示打算、准备做的事情或者肯定要发生的事情。如：It is going to rain. will do 结构表示将来的用法： 1. 表示预见 Do you think it will rain? You will feel better after a good rest. 2. 表示意图 I will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow. What will she do tomorrow? 基本构成如下：一般疑问句构成： （1）will+主语+do? Will Sarah come to visit me next Sunday? （2）there be 结构的一般疑问句：Will there + be ? Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will. / No, there wont 否定句构成：will + not （wont）+do Sarah wont come to visit me next Sunday. 特殊疑问句构成： 特殊疑问词will主语？What will Sarah do next Sunday? 根据例句，用will改写下列各句 例：I dont feel well today. （be better tomorrow） Ill be better tomorrow. 1. Gina has six classes today. （have a lot of homework tonight） _ 2. Im tired now. （sleep later） _ 3. My parents need a new car. （buy one soon） _ 4. We cant leave right now. （leave a little later） _ 5. The weather is awful today. （be better tomorrow） _答案：1. Shell have a lot of homework tonight. 2. Ill sleep later. 3. Theyll buy one soon. 4. Well leave a little later. 5. Maybe itll be better tomorrow.初二英语语法总结（二）should的用法should用来提出建议和忠告，后边加动词原形，否定句直接在should后边加not.例如：I think you should eat less junk food. 我认为你应该少吃垃圾食品。 She drives a lot and she seldom walks. So I think she should walk a lot. 她经常开车，很少走路。所以我认为她应该多走路。 Students shouldnt spend too much time playing computer games. 学生们不应当花太多的时间玩计算机游戏。 学习向别人提建议的几种句式： （1）I think you should （2）Well, you could （3）Maybe you should （4）Why dont you? （5）What about doing sth.? （6）Youd better do sth. 用should或shouldnt填空 1. I cant sleep the night before exams. You _ take a warm shower before you go to bed. 2. Good friends _ argue each other. 3. There is little milk in the glass. We _ buy some. 4. They didnt invite you? Maybe you _ be friendlier. 5. I am a little bit overweight. So I think I _ do exercises every day. 答案：1. should2. shouldnt3. should4. should5. Should初二英语语法总结（三）过去进行时 过去进行时表示过去某一点时间正在进行的动作或者过去某一段时间内一直进行的动作。 1. 构成 was /were + doing，例如： I was watching TV at 9 oclock last night. at 9 oclock last night是时间点 They were playing football all afternoon. all afternoon是时间段 2. 过去进行时的标志词 at 8 oclock last night, this time yesterday等。例如： I was having lunch at home this time yesterday. 昨天的这个时候我正在吃午饭。 At that time she was writing a book. 那阵子她在写一本书。（表示她在那段时间里一直在做那件事情。）用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. This time yesterday I _ _（read）books. 2. At 9 oclock last Sunday they _ _（have）a party. 3. When I _（come）into the classroom, she _ _（read）a storybook. 4. She _ _（play）computer games while her mother _ _（cook）yesterday afternoon. 5. I _ _（have）a shower when you _（call）me yesterday. 答案：1. was reading2. were having3. came; was reading 4. was playing; was cooking5. was having; called初二英语语法总结（四）间接引语形成步骤： （1）不要逗号，冒号，引号 （2）要考虑到人称的变化（人称的变化与汉语是一致的） （3）要考虑时态的变化 （4）要考虑时间状语、地点状语和语示代词的变化。 1. 直接引语变成间接引语时，几个主要时态的变化规律直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时? 2. 直接引语变成间接引语时，一些词汇的变化规律 直接引语 1. am / is 2. are3. have / has4. will5. can6. may间接引语 1. was2. were3. had4. would5. could6. might用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. She said I _（be）hard-working. 2. Peter told me he _（be）bored yesterday. 3. She said she _（go）swimming last Sunday. 4. Bobby said he _（may）call me later. 5. Antonio told me he _（read）a book then. 答案：1. was2. was3. went4. might5. was reading请转述他人说的话： 1. I go to the beach every Saturday. （Tom） 2. I can speak three languages. （Lucy） 3. I will call you tomorrow. （Mike） 4. Im having a surprise party for Lana. （she）if引导的条件状语从句结构：if一般现在时，主语将来时含义：如果，将要例如：If you ask him, he will help you. 如果你请求他，他会帮助你。If need be, well work all night. 如果需要，我们就干个通宵。 根据中文提示，完成句子。 1. 如果你参加聚会，你将会过得很开心。 If you _ the party, you _. 2. 如果明天下雨，我们将不去野餐。 If it _ tomorrow, we _. 3. 如果你经常听英文歌，你将会喜欢英语的。 If you often _, you _. 答案： 1. If you go to the party, you will have a good time 2. If it rains tomorrow, we wont go to the picnic 3. If you often listen to English songs, youll like English初二英语词组要点复习总结1. take : 拿走take sb. / sth. to someplace;take sth. with you bring: 带来bring sth for a picnicIts going to rain, please take an umbrella with you.Youd better finish your homework today and bring it to school tomorrow.2. keep + 名词 + 形容词Keep the windows open, its hot here.keep sb doing sthIm sorry Ive kept you waiting for a long time.keep表示借用于和一段时间连用：How long can I keep this book?3. let / make / have sb do sth 让（使）某人干某事Lets go to the zoo!How did he make the baby stop crying?4. forget to do sth 忘记去做某事remember to do sth 记得去做某事forget doing sth 忘记做过某事remember doing sth 记得做过某事5. stop to do sth 停下来做另一件事情stop doing sth 停止正在做的事情stop sb from doing sth阻止某人干某事Lets stop to have a test, its too hot today.When the teacher came into the classroom, the students stopped talking.We plant trees to stop the wind from blowing the earth away.6. put on/wear/in 穿上put on强调动作wear 强调状态in 介词，构成一个短词Put on your old clothes tomorrow, because well do some cleaning.Kate is wearing a red sweater today.The man in a blue suit is Mr. Li7. 在以when引导的时间状语从句, 当从句是一般过去时态时，主句往往用过去进行时,表示在过去的某一时刻正在发生或正在进行的动作：They were having supper when I got to their home.8. it作形式主语或形式宾语，其真正的主语或宾语是后面带to 的动词不定式:Its necessary to learn English well.We found it difficult to work out the maths problems.9. too -to /too - for sb to do sth -，对某人来说太-以致于不能-The apples on the tree are too high for me to reach.Kate is too young to go to school.10. enough 用法：形前名后， big enough enough food enough to do sth 足够-能够- Jim is old enough to go to school. 11. little , a little 修饰不可数名词 ; much 修饰不可数 few a few 修饰可数名词; many 修饰可数 a little a few 具有肯定含义little few 具有否定含义 some, any , a lot of = lots of 既可以 修饰不可数，也可以修饰可数名词； There is a little time left, take it easy. Wed better go shopping ,there are few eggs left. Mr. Little doesnt have much money.（否定句中常用much而不用a lot of ）12. much too 中心词是too, 常修饰形容词, Its much too cold today, we should wear warm clothes. too much中心词是much, 常修饰不可数名词, Theres too much water, please be careful.13. 要注意could 和can的区别：could可表示语气的委婉，也表示过去的能力 Could you help me ? Could she swim when she was four years old? 要注意maybe和 may be的区别 maybe在句中作谓语 Maybe its here. It may be here.14. 不定代词：someone, anyone ; something , anything , nothing ; somebody , anybody, nobody. Something常用于肯定句和表示请求的疑问句中，anything用于否定句中和疑问句中，not anything = nothing; without anything =with nothingWould you like something to eat?Id like Chinese tea with nothing in it .形容词修饰不定代词要放在不定代词后面：Be quiet! I have something important to tell you.Is there anything interesting in todays newspaper?15. 反身代词: myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves.要记住：一、二人称用物主，第三人称用宾格， 复数self要变selves和反身代词有关的一些词组： She had to teach her son herself.I dont need your help, I can do it myself.16. 形容词修饰名词，副词修饰动词：What a strong wind!Its blowing strongly.连系动词：be, feel, look, get, turn , taste, smell, become, +形容词作表语17. 感叹句：What + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词的单数形式+ 主语+ 谓语！What+ 形容词+ 可数名词的复数形式 / 不可数名词+ 主语+ 谓语！How + 形容词或副词 + 主语+ 谓语！What a nice day it is ! What beautiful flowers they are!How happily they are playing!18. 反意疑问句：要注意前肯后否，前否后肯，要用be动词，助动词或情态动词来做，要注意