创意阅读第二册参考答案1.doc

Unit 1 AdvertisingWords to noteaboundto be present in large numbers or amountsacrea unit for measuring the surface area of land, equal to 4,047 square metersblasteddamaged by storms or strong windsbrochurea small magazine containing details and pictures of goods or services that you can buycaverna large cavedeluxeused to describe things that are better in quality and more expensive that other things of the same typedroughta long period of time when there is little or no rainexoticinteresting or exciting because of being unusual or not familiarhandcraftedmade by a person, not a machine, and usually made with great skillindependentfair, because of not being influenced by anyone elsenestledto be in a protected and comfortable positionpaddling poola small swimming pool that is not deep, for small children to play inparadisea perfect place or situationperchedplaced high up on the edge of somethingscuba diversomebody who swims underwater with a container of air on their back and a tube for breathing throughsharka sometimes large fish with teeth that lives in the sea; some types of shark attack peoplesituated in a particular place, locatedtyphoona tropical storm with strong winds that move in circlesUnderstanding the textPart A: Comprehending the text1. A major purpose of advertising is to inform us of new products or good bargains/help producers to sell their products.It is possible that advertising is becoming less effective because we are exposed to too much advertising now and so much of it is misleading, so many people now ignore it.2. The more adventurous members of the family can visit some of the attractions of the island, including a trip to an ancient cavern/study the fascinating sea creatures of that area.The less adventurous members can use the hotel swimming pool/paddling pool or play on the mini-golf course or visit the less adventurous places of interest (in an air-conditioned vehicle) such as a local lake.Ghosts are often seen around Lake Tali.Wood has been used to make the accommodation “units”.The holiday is cheap because the resort is new and the owners claim to be more interested in making the guests happy than making money.3. Bantu Island is really only a small, bare, exposed rock in the middle of the ocean.Swimming around the island would be very dangerous because of the many sharks.The swimming pool isnt very much in use because there is no water in it.The author doesnt believe the stories about Lake Tali because it is too small and too shallow for the stories to be true.The author says the only reason your money “goes further” is that Bantu Island is a long way away so the money will be traveling further. The expression is not being used in its usual meaning of money lasting longer as things are so cheap.4. The advice the author gives in the last paragraphs is to be very careful when reading advertisements and always try to check the information from an independent source before you buy whatever is being advertised.Part B: Comparing the textsThe BrochureThe Newspaper Article1resortBuilding site2A shallow bay/island paradiseBeachless bay/bare rock3Fascinating sea creaturesHungry sharks4Deluxe air-conditioned transportOpen-backed jeep5Individual, handcrafted unitsWooden huts6Ancient and mysterious lakeDirty pondPart C: Interpreting the text1. The writer is trying to say that advertising is often very misleading and, in some cases, “legalized lying”. The advertising brochure for Bantu Island is obviously very misleadingand, although nothing it says is actually a lie, it could be argued that it does not represent the truth.2. Because once they got to the island and saw what it was like, they would not want to go on any tours.3. No, it was very carefully worded so that it would be difficult to prove it told any lies simply did not tell the whole truth or misled the reader in different ways. For example, the resort does have a swimming pool (and even a paddling pool)it does not actually say that they dont have any water; it does say that sea creatures abound, it does not say they are sharks, etc.4. We should look carefully at things that seem attractive (and cheap). There is often a problem that is not obvious. This might also apply to other things, such as a motor vehicle, a new apartment, “special offers” on CDs, books, etc.Developing your skillsBrochureNewspaperlayoutA Once in a lifetime Holiday(This means something very specialso special it cannot ever be repeated)A Holiday for All the FamilyA “Never-To-Be-Repeated”Holiday (This means it only happens once because it was so bad you would never do it again)A “Holiday” for NobodyChoice of InformationSea creaturesbrand-newcooledrareit omits any details of the size, etc. of the attractions (e.g. Lake Tali). No mention of having to wash in a small stream (i.e. no plumbing or washing facilities in the hotel).Sharkshalf-builtblastedThey dont existPunctuationyou wont have a penny more to pay!The exclamation mark is supposed to show the reader what a wonderful deal she /he is getting with the holiday.A “Holiday” for Nobodythe inverted commas indicate that the writer feels the word “Holiday” is not the correct word.The “Beauties of Bantu Island”again the inverted commas suggested that “Beauties” does not describe the reality of the Island.”Air-conditioned”, “back-to-nature”, “resort”, “Lake”, etc. all these show that the writer does not feel the words are being used with their usual meaning and connotationsCome and Eat at the Luxurious and Relaxing “French Kitchen”Enjoy the wonderful selection of tempting dishes from our extensive menu.The magnificent view over the ocean will make it an evening to remember/cherish.Our highly-trained/professional/friendly and experienced/knowledgeable/polite staff will be delighted/pleased/thrilled to look after your every need and the reasonable/inexpensive prices will pleasantly surprise you.Dont delay/wait. Book now! You wont be disappointed/sorry.Anybody who is thinking of going to the new “restaurant” called the “French Kitchen”, dont think again. I was tempted by the advertisement in this newspaper last week. Unfortunately/Regrettably, I can honestly/truthfully/really say that I was very displeased by my decision.To enjoy the “magnificent view” of the ocean, you would need to lean at least a meter out of the window and peer round the building next door. Ive seen a better/more impressive/wider/more tempting selection of dishes in my local fast food restaurant and much more polite/friendlier staff in an army training camp. As for the “reasonable/inexpensive” prices! My bank manager will think that I bought the restaurant when he sees my account. Its true that they were a “surprise”, but definitely not “pleasant”.Dont go. You will certainly be disappointed.Extending your vocabularyPart A AntonymsBrand-newancientNestledperchedShallowdeepParadisenightmareGive-away priceexpensiveRefreshingbitterPart B Scales of meaningfrequencydegreeQuantityl Constantly/alwaysl Regularly/repeatedlyl Often/frequentlyl Sometimes/occasionallyl Not alwaysl Rarely/seldom/intermittentlyl Oncel Hardly everl neverl perfectly/absolutely/totallyl extremely/enormously/particularly/exceedingly/exceptionallyl veryl slightly/a little/to some extentl in no wayl not in the slightest/not at alll all/everyl a vast numberl most/the majority of/generallyl many/a lot of/numerousl much/a great deall a couple/a fewl noneUnit 2 School DaysWords to noteappalledoffended or shocked very much by somethingbureaucracya complicated and annoying system of rules and processescajoleto persuade some one to do something by encouraging them gently or by being nice to them.carefreehappy and without any worriescompulsorymust be done because of a law or rulecooperativewilling to do what is being askeddespaira feeling that a situation is so bad that nothing you can do willchange it.dominatedto be the most important issue, activity, problem etc, in a particularsituationeffectivelywhat the situation really is, although its appearance or officialdescription might be differentfranticallyin a very urgent wayintolerableimpossible to bear or deal withmotivatedenthusiastic and determined to achieve successprimitiveat a very simple stage of development, before modern technologyand thinkingrationalethe set of reasons that something such as a plan or belief is based onreceptivewilling to listen to or consider suggestionsseverevery strict or extremetender(age)a time of your life when you are still young and lack experiencetertiaryrelating to colleges of universities; in the place or position countedas number threeUnderstanding the textPart A1. False. The introductory paragraph asks a challenging question: “Is it possible that the children are not at fault at all, but society itself?” Also, “failures” is in inverted commas. This suggests that the word should be interpreted differently: it suggests that the children are not at fault.2. True. Look at speech paragraph 2: Children have to sit exams at an age when they are least receptive to formal learning.3. True. In speech paragraph 3: “Interesting subjects” are available “only for those who have already been labeled as failures”4. True. In paragraph 3: many words in this paragraph indicate pressure: “push”, “cajole”, “force”, “search frantically”. In paragraph 4: Parents a re foolish if they “despair at their childrens perfectly normal behavior.”5. True. You might ask whether the “educational system” has any clear idea at all about its objectives. But assuming the “educational system” aims educate children, text suggests very definitely that it is failing today. e.g.In paragraph 4: The system might “make or break” children in their early teenage.In paragraph 5: There are “severe penalties” in the system.6. True. In paragraph 7: “between the age of five and 18 the brain is biologically at it most receptive”.7. False. Paragraph 7 describes the organization of the school day (“40 minute pieces of learning ”) as not designed to encourage serious learning.8. False. Paragraph 11 tells us that the writer has “no idea” whether the NUS is correct in believing “that children would actually learn more”. But the writer is “sure they would be happier”- perhaps you could encourage a class debate, at this stage, on the subject “Happy children should be the primary objective of primary and secondary education systems.”Part B Interpreting the text1. These exams “decide their futures” and the penalties for failure are “final”. Also look at paragraph 6- the “threat of being a failure for life” is perhaps even worse than a death sentence.2. The labor market does not urgently need “newly qualified people”. There is no “hurry”; the situation is not critical.3. To compare the large number of lessons with the tiny result and also to say that “40-minute pieces of learning” and “little pieces of geography or history or biology” do not really add up to any substantial body of knowledge. Perhaps, too, the writer wants to show that mere statistics do not really prove that the results are good.4. The word suggests an unpleasant experience. The writer was, when a child, the subject - and the educational system was the “boss”. The results of the childrens subjection were not good. Also look at paragraph 8 again: the system “can never be called efficient”; it is simply helps the administrators and the bureaucrats.Developing your skillsPart A Using reference markers1. c)2. b)3. c)4. a) “But” (paragraph 4, line 26) does two jobs. It referss back to the whole subject of exams and pressures; it also signals that there is going to be a change of direction in the whole discussion. “It” (para 4, line 32) refers back to the “problem” if children “suddenly stop reading”- and the paragraph goes to say that this is not really a problem. “so” (paragraph 4, line 36) is another small but very important linking word. Often- as here- it is used to “wrap up” , or conclude, an argument. “If” (paragraph 5, line 38) introduces a hypothetical situation. It raises the idea of imagining big changes and new conditions. Again, its a small word with many uses. In paragraph 8, “for example” is perhaps a more simple instance of linking: here the inefficiency of the “present system” is shown clearly by the example- i.e. it “takes up to 11 years” to produce even basic results.Part B Using discourse markers1. However/Yet Function: showing contrast2. on the whole/ in general/generally speaking/ overall Function: generalizing3. except/ except for/ with the exception of Function: introducing exce