论音乐教育在“90后”大学生思想政治教育中的价值分析.doc

/ /论音乐教育在“90后”大学生思想政治教育中的价值分析Theory of music education in the after 90 s college students ideological and political education value analysis通过针对2011年新入学的“90”后大学生进行教育的一些切身体会，总结出“90”后大学生的一些思维特点与行为方式，为找到一条针对新一代大学生因材施教的教学方法打下基础。By targeting new entrance in 2011 after the 90 education of college students of some experience, summed up the 90 after some thinking characteristics and behaviors of college students, to find a new generation of college students according to their aptitude for teaching method lays the foundation. 一、“90后”大学生的心理思想特征A, after 90 s college students psychological characteristics 1.思想早熟，个性张扬。在信息爆炸的时代，以及互联网愈加便捷的大环境下，“90后”大学生可以方便的获取各种信息，开阔了视野，知识面超前，使得这一代青年更加的早熟。伴随成长的家庭环境普遍民主，也没有经历过政治和历史动荡，使得他们的个性张扬而又善于表现自我。他们对外界事物有着自己的看法和主见，甚至部分可以做到有一定的深度，富有社会责任感，伴随时代潮流成长起来的他们也总是渴望走在时代的前沿。然而个性的过分张扬，不符合现实社会对人才团队精神、合作意识的要求，可能成为他们成长的桎梏。1. Ideas early, individual character make public. In the era of information explosion, and the Internet more convenient circumstances, after 90 s college students can get all kinds of information conveniently, widened the field of vision and knowledge in advance, make this generation of youth more precocious. Along with the growth of democracy, family circumstances also does not have experienced political and historical turmoil, makes the performance of their individual character make public and good at self. They has their own views and ideas on outward things, even some can have certain depth, rich social responsibility, which have grown up with the trend of The Times they are always eager to walk in the forefront of The Times. Personality too make public, however, does not conform to the realistic social demand for talents team spirit and cooperation consciousness, could become the shackles of their growth. 2.思维敏捷，富有创新精神，价值取向趋向功利化。精神、物质生活极大丰富的大环境，使相当多的“90后”大学生从小就接受各式各样的智力教育。这使得很多“90后”大学生，反应能力、思辨能力和接受新事物的能力等各个方面非常突出。由于过早、过多的接触各式各样的社会信息，以及社会主义市场经济的高速发展，市场经济所带来的负面效应对学生树立正确的人生观、价值观产生了一定的影响。特别是拜金主义、享乐主义在“90后”大学生中产生了一定的冲击。部分学生在人生价值观上崇尚自我，过分强调自我价值的实现，以至于他们的集体观念、奉献精神、团队意识以及艰苦奋斗的作风相对不足。2. The thought is agile, innovative, value orientation tend to be utilitarian. Spiritual and material life enriched environment, quite a number of after 90 s college students education at an early age to accept all kinds of intelligence. This makes a lot of after 90 s college students, reaction ability, thinking ability and the ability to accept new things, etc. Every aspect is very prominent. Due to premature, excessive exposure to a variety of social information, as well as the high speed development of the socialist market economy, market economy brings negative effect to the student set up the correct outlook on life and values have had an impact. Especially the money worship, hedonism in the after 90 s college students have a certain impact. Some students on the life values advocate self, too much emphasis on the realization of self value, so that their collective idea, dedication spirit, team consciousness and relatively insufficient hard work style. 3.心理状态不稳定但不乏坚强。“90后”的大学生们大都生活在物质生活比较富足的家庭，在物质生活方面较为优裕，而且多为独生子女，多少有娇生惯养之嫌，而且他们也是正在成长的青年，内心体验极其细腻微妙。进入大学以后，他们的生活中突然没有了父母家人的照顾，随之而来的学习、生活和人际交往的压力，给他们造成了很大的心理负担。而他们的价值观念尚不稳定，时常处于波动、迷茫、抉择之中，如果自己不会自我调节，不能勇于面对这些困难和挫折，对学生的未来发展极其不利。3. The mental state is not stable but not strong. After 90 s college students are living in the material life more rich families in terms of material life is relatively prosperous, and more as the only children, many have become spoiled, but they are also growing youth, inner experience is extremely exquisite and delicate. After entering the university, they suddenly have no parents in the life of family care, followed by a study, life and interpersonal stress, caused great psychological burden for them. And their concept of value is not stable, often under fluctuations, confused, choice, if you dont self adjusting, cant have the courage to face these difficulties and setbacks, is extremely unfavorable to students future development. 总言之，“90后”大学生出生在中国信息飞速发展的年代，可以说是信息时代的优先体验者，市场经济、信息爆炸等各种新鲜事物层出不穷。“90后”大学生的成长环境使他们的行为和思维方式有很大的特殊性，高校辅导员应该摒弃旧的教育观念和方式，在思想政治工作中充分发挥音乐教育特殊的育人优势，促进“90后”大学生综合素质的提升。In a word, after 90 s college students was born in China rapid development information age, experience can be said to be the priority of the information age, the market economy, the information explosion, etc. Various kinds of new things emerge in endlessly. After 90 s college students growing environment to make their behavior and thinking way has a lot of particularity, college counselors should abandon the old education ideas and ways, in the ideological and political work into full play in the music education of special educational advantages, promote the after 90 s college students comprehensive quality of ascension. 二、音乐教育的作用Second, music education function 思想政治教育与音乐教育同属于社会意识形态范畴，有着强烈的时代精神和鲜明的思想倾向。自阶级社会诞生以来，任何思想政治教育与音乐教育都一样有着鲜明的阶级性。音乐教育所体现的目标和政治教育是一致的，具有声情并茂、以情动人、潜移默化等发挥思想政治教育的功能，使“90后”大学生在心理上、精神上取得和谐和平衡。Ideological and political education and music education with belong to the category of social ideology, there is a strong time spirit and sharp mind. Since the birth of class society, any thought political education and music education is the same with distinct class character. Music education goal and political education is consistent, affectionately, moving people by feeling, osmosis, such as the function of ideological and political education, the after 90 s college students psychological and spiritual harmony and balance. 在思想政治理论学习中，可以通过音乐的形式来阐明某个抽象的概念或观点，或以音乐作品中的事件或人物作为案例来对某个政治理论或道德观念进行讨论分析，发挥和调动学生的积极性和主动性。通过音乐教育来发挥思想政治教育的功能，可以极大地改变思想政治理论学习中死板枯燥的弊端。音乐教育对“90后”大学生思想品德发挥的作用，其效果并不像制定明确的行为规范或直接的道德宣传那样直接、明显。它是一个潜移默化的过程，音乐用有组织的声音来创造形象，表达人们的思想感情，反映社会生活的艺术，可以通过感染、激发和净化等多种手段参与“90后”大学生的思想品德教育。In the ideological and political theory of learning, can be clarified by the form of music some abstract concepts or ideas, or events or characters in the works of music as a case to analysis to the discussion of a certain political theory or moral, and arouses students enthusiasm and initiative into full play. Through the music education to develop the function of ideological and political education, can greatly change the rigid boring in the ideological and political theory of learning. Music education of 90 after the role of the ideological and moral character, the effect is not as clear in the code of conduct or moral propaganda directly directly and clearly. It is a process of osmosis, music to create the image, with the voice of organized expression of peoples thoughts and feelings, reflect the social life of art, can be through a variety of means, such as infection, inspire and purification to participate in the after 90 s college students ideological and moral education. 1.音乐教育可以提升大学生的审美能力。音乐教育的美育作用早在中国先秦时期就受到哲学家、教育家孔子的重视。他提出“兴于诗，立于礼，成于乐”，意思是诗经是学习其他五经的基础，即“兴于诗”；礼，主要讲行为，“礼”是让我们去守他，用行为去践行它；而“乐”是调和心灵的，乐经主要讲“和”，就是要达到内在心灵的平静。有“乐”的修养，人就能表里如一，礼乐完善。所以论语里面讲“兴于诗，立于礼，成于乐”，最后才是“成于乐”，因为“成于乐”是最不容易的。1. Music education can improve college students aesthetic ability. Music aesthetic education function of education as early as the pre-qin period in China was brought to the attention of the philosopher and educator Confucius. He put forward interest in poetry, in the ritual, as in music, which means the book of songs is the base of learning other five classics, namely xing in the poem; The ritual, the main behavior, the ritual is let us to keep him, use behavior to practice it; While the le is to reconcile, happy main and, is to achieve inner peace of mind. Music culture, people can, reed is perfect. So in the analects speak prospering in poetry, in the ritual, as in music, the last is into, because le is the most not easy. 音乐对人的影响是深远、潜移默化的，受教育者本人常常在不知不觉中受其感染和教化。我国古代最早的美学著作乐记提出：“凡音之起，由人心生也。人心之动，物使之然也。感于物而动，故形于声。”大意是人们欣赏音乐，通过耳濡目染，产生潜移默化的美育作用，提高审美能力，促进身心健康发展。人们自然地通过音乐把内心的情感与对客观世界的感受联系起来，借助音乐抒发情怀。Music to the persons influence is profound, subtle, educated himself often in imperceptible in the infection and enlightenment. Aesthetic works of ancient Chinese earliest yue ji is put forward: every sound, born of the heart. The heart of the move and content but also. Interested in thing, so the shape in the sound. The effect is that people appreciate music, through narrative, subtly aesthetic effect, improve the aesthetic ability, promote the development of physical and mental health. People naturally through the heart of music emotion and feelings about the world, with the aid of music to express feelings. 高校须扎扎实实开展音乐素质教育，通过教学、实践等多种形式来培养大学生正确健康的审美观点、审美情趣，提高大学生的赏析和音乐创造能力，最终使得大学生素质全面发展。Colleges and universities must music quality education should be promoted, through teaching, practice, and other forms to cultivate college students right and healthy aesthetic view and aesthetic temperament and interest, improve the students appreciation and music creation ability, eventually making all-round development of students quality. 2.音乐教育是对大学生进行教育的有力工具。前苏联著名教育家苏霍姆林斯基曾言：“音乐教育并不是音乐家的教育，首先是人的教育。”这句话表述了音乐教育的目的。音乐教育对学生优秀品质的形成，人格的完善具有其他学科不可替代的作用。音乐的教化功能是通过对音乐作品的理解而实现的。因为音乐能激发感情的浪花、拨动心弦，从而产生移情作用，发挥教育功能。例如，学生欣赏艺术歌曲祖国，慈祥的母亲时，学生们都心潮澎湃，无论是清新真挚的语言还是柔美动人的旋律，无不深深地打动着学生心底的情愫。此歌曲风格朴实自然，品位高雅，表达了亿万中华儿女对伟大祖国母亲赤诚的爱。所以，高校音乐教育的最终意义就在于使学生的情感得到陶冶，思想得到净化，品格得到完善，从而使他们的身心得到和谐发展。2. The music education is a powerful tool for education on college students. The former Soviet union well-known educator Su Huom Lin Siji once said: music education is not a musicians education, first of all is the persons education. The purpose of the sentence expression of the music education. Music education to the student the formation of good quality, the perfection of personality is irreplaceable role in other disciplines. Music education function is through the understanding of music works. Because music can stimulate the feelings of the waves, the heartstrings, and generate empathy, give play to the education function. Students appreciate the art song, for example, my country, kind mother, when the students were all surge of emotion surge, whether it is pure and fresh and the sincere language or gently beautiful moving melody, all impressed the students deeply in the bottom of my heart. This song style naturalness, grade is decorous, expressed the sincere love to the great motherland mother millions of Chinese people. So, colleges and universities music educations ultimate significance is to cultivate students emotion, purified mind, personality is perfect, so that they get harmonious development of body and mind. 3.音乐教育可以培养大学生的团队意识。高校的音乐教育不仅仅局限于大学生平时的课程设置上，也反映在大学生平时的音乐实践活动中。音乐教育的实践活动在高校的主要形式有合唱团、交响乐团、民乐团、舞蹈团等等，从表象看，这些活动能给学生带来享受音乐的平台，丰富高校艺术氛围。从更深层次看，音乐教育对培养学生的团队意识、锻炼协作能力也起着极其重要的作用。比如合唱团、交响乐团，这样的团队从日常的排练到演出，无时无刻不使学生切身体会到音乐的成熟、有序、优美。学生在这样的音乐实践活动中，不仅锻炼了协作能力，而且能够使他们融入集体之中，体会并理解集体与个人的关系。3. Music education can cultivate students sense of team. College music education is not confined to college students on the curriculum setting of at ordinary times, also reflected in the college students at ordinary times music practice activity. The main form of music education practice in colleges and universities have a choir and symphony orchestra, national music orchestra, dance, and so on, look from the surface, these activities can bring students enjoy the music platform, rich artistic atmosphere in colleges and universities. From a deeper view, music education to cultivate the students team consciousness, cooperation ability exercise also plays a very important role. Such as choir and symphony orchestra, the rehearsal to the performance of the team from everyday, every second so that the students experience to the mature, orderly and beautiful music. Students in such a music practice activity, not only exercise the cooperation ability, and to cast them into the collective, experience and understanding of the relationship between the collective and the individual. 4.音乐教育能开发大学生的大脑，有利于创造性思维的发展。近年来国内外的研究和实践表明：音乐素质教育可以综合地培养创造型人才的各种素质，是培养品德、锻炼意志、开发智力，尤其是发展创造能力的良好途径。音乐教育能开发人的大脑，促进人的智力功能，有利于创造思维的发展。因此，在训练大学生创造性思维上，音乐教育具有独特的功效和得天独厚的优势。4. Music education can develop students brain, is conducive to the development of creative thinking. At home and abroad in recent years, the research and practice show that quality of music education can synthetically all kinds of quality, to training creative talents is to cultivate moral character, exercise the will, the development intelligence, especially in a good way of developing creative ability. Music education can promote brain that develops a person, the persons intelligence function, promotes the development of creative thinking. Accordingly, in training students creative thinking, music education has special efficacy and advantages. 其一，在音乐教育中，不论演唱、演奏和欣赏音乐，特别强调人们聚精会神，这能引起记忆、思维、想象等一系列心理反映。音乐为人们的想象能力提供了广阔的天地及灵活多样的可能。事实上音乐欣赏活动本身就离不开创造与思维，离不开对事物多元化、多侧面、多层次、多反复的高级反映过程，因此，欣赏音乐的过程，对于集中注意力、提高触类旁通的理解能力和归纳分析的思维能力，尤其是想象创造能力，有极好的培养锻炼作用。First, in music education, no matter the singing, playing and listening to music, with particular emphasis on all people, this can lead to memory, thinking, imagination, and a series of psychological reflection. Music for peoples imagination has provided a broad heaven and earth and flexible. In fact itself is dependent on the creation and thinking, music appreciation activities cannot leave to diversification, multifaceted, multi-level, many senior repeatedly reflect process, therefore, appreciate the music process, to concentrate, improve the understanding of one instance and inductive analysis of thinking ability, imagination creativity, in particular, has excellent training exercise. 其二，对音乐的理解和感受，是由感知和记忆组成。旋律在不断变化之中，而感受正在产生的新东西，用记忆把握产生的新东西，这种反复发展与刺激，对培养其记忆力是非常重要的。音乐欣赏就是艺术化的音响流在听觉中造成一个持续不断的“痕迹流”，感知的过程是在记忆的基础上完成的审美过程，既要了解音乐作品的整体，又要吸收很多细节，时而注意和声，时而注意旋律，或者从倾听低音区转移到中音区。这种注意力分散又集中的统一，随着时间的流逝而接受音乐的多层次及立体性，把人的思维活动激发起来，这对于锻炼和发展人的记忆力和创造力有着重要的作用，也是培养高素质人才的一项不可或缺的途径。爱因斯坦不仅是科学家，也是著名的音乐爱好者，他创立的划时代科学论断“广义相对论”，就是在弹奏钢琴中，灵感顿生启发了智慧而成，逻辑思维和形象思维的高度融合，促进了他在科学事业上的伟大成就，他说：“我在科学上的见解并不比我的钢琴弹得高明，我的科学成就很多是从音乐启发而来的”。Second, the understanding of music and feelings, is composed of perception and memory. Melody is in constant change, the feeling is the new things, use memory to grasp the new things, the repeated development and stimulation, the cultivation of the memory is very important. Music appreciation is the art of audio stream in the h