2008年大学英语(四)》第二次作业及答案 整理版本.doc

Practice Test 2 for Non-English Majors,College of Network Education（网络大学英语四）Part I.Vocabulary(30)Directions:For each of the following incomplete sentences,there are four words or expressions marked A,B,CandD.Choose the one that best completes the sentence or is closest to the meaning of the underlined part the sentence.Mark the corresponding letter with a single line through the center.01.The beautiful prince wins respect of the world because she devotes herself to childrens charity work.B.dedicates02.In class Mr.Adam is serious.But after class he tends to have casual talks with his students.D.informal03.University life,according to what everyone says,is a time to be cherished all the lifetime.A.by all accounts04.Many people attached much importance to what is going on,but neglect the following event.A.subsequent05.The government has launched a new plan to build more houses.C.started06.There was a nation-wide _ of violence after the former president was assassinated by the anti-government guerrillas.C.eruption07.In those days,there was a great deal of racial _ on campus in the United States when the blacks were allowed to go to the same school as the whites.A.tension08.They hurried to the small post-office in town only to find that the door was closed because the service ran on _ days.C.alternate09.He declared that he left the meeting _ ill health;but he was actually bored with what the speaker was dwelling on(罗罗嗦嗦地谈说).B.on the grounds of10.You _ me by bursting in so suddenly while I was absorbed in the reading of Hamlet.D.startled11.As SARS may _ any time,local residents are asked to pay more attention to personal hygiene(卫生).A.recur12.The hungry boy _ everything on his plate as if he had been starved for ages.C.devoured13.The employees were _ for spending too much on the project that did not seem to bring them a handsome profit.C.reproached14.Environmental groups are _ of the governments claim that there has been no dumping of industrial waste into rivers and seas in recent years.C.skeptical15.I dont remember ever having enjoyed so great an intellectual _ as that of listening to his lecture.B.treat16.It is reported that doctors in the United States have found an effective new drug that can be an _ for the presently used medicine for the treatment of AIDS.C.alternative17.It is fairly well known that wild animals eat as much as they can during summer and fall,storing the _ of energy in the form of fat for the hard times in winter when food is scarce.A.excess18.Jonathon was not happy with what his second-hand car looked like;he drove it to a local auto repair shop and had it _.A.modified19.When a person wants to _ his business in a certain place,he must be sure that he is acting on the laws and policies in that area.A.establish20.The close of the subway that carried a large portion of travelers to and from work added _ traffic volume to the already busy streets.B.massive21.The extreme temperatures on the moon are beyond human _ so much so that they make it impossible for human beings to live there.B.tolerance22.The actresss performance was so graceful that it _ all the audiences and won an applause of more than three minutes.C.fascinated23.Lu Xun,who is unanimously regarded as the greatest writer and critic in modern literature,dwarfs (使显得渺小) all the _ men of letters (文人).D.contemporary24.In nature it is not always easy to _ between things that are alike in some of their features.C.distinguish25.The constitution provides that everyone is free and equal,_ his race,color and birth.C.regardless ofPart II.Structure(5)Directions:For each of the following incomplete sentences,there are four words or expressions marked A,B,CandD.Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Mark the corresponding letter with a single line through the center.26.Newton proved that it is _ the moon is pulled out of a straight path and kept in orbit.C.by the force of gravity that27._ Dad would allow me to install the game software in the new computer!A.If only28.The Cambridge test that place in May is re-scheduled to be held in October.A.was supposed to take29.Once or twice I found myself _ my own judgment.C.doubting30.Only when you have obtained sufficient data for the experiment _ to a sound conclusion.B.can you comePart III Reading Comprehension (40)Directions:In this part there are 3 passages.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)andD).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage 1What makes it rain?Rain falls from clouds for the same reason anything falls to earth.The earths gravity pulls it.But every cloud is made of water droplets or ice crystals.Why doesnt rain or snow fall constantly from all clouds?The droplets or ice crystals in clouds are exceedingly small.The effect of gravity on them is minute.Air currents move and lift droplets so that the net downward displacement is zero,even though the droplets are in constant motion.Droplets and ice crystals behave somewhat like dust in the air made visible in a shaft of sunlight.To the casual observer,they seem to act in a totally random fashion,moving about chaotically without fixed direction.But in fact dust particles are much larger than water droplets and they finally fall.The cloud droplet of average size is only 1/2,500 inch in diameter.It is so small that it would take sixteen hours to fall half a mile in perfectly still air,and it does not fall out of moving air at all.Only when the droplet grows to a diameter of 1/125 inch or larger can it fall from the cloud.The average raindrop contains a million times as much water as a tiny cloud droplet.The growth of a cloud droplet to a size large enough to fall out is the cause of rain and other forms of precipitation (降水).This important growth process is called “coalescence (聚结)”.31.What is the main topic of the passage?C.The mechanics of rain32.Why dont all ice crystals in clouds immediately fall to earth?D.They are kept aloft by air currents.33.What can be inferred about drops of water larger than 1/125 inch in diameter?A.In still air they would fall to earth.34.In this passage,what does the term “coalescence” refer to?A.The growth of droplets.35.What is the diameter of the average cloud droplet?D.1/2,500 inchPassage 2Teaching involves more than leadership.Some of the teachers time and effort is directed toward instruction,some toward evaluation.But it is the teacher as a group leader who creates an efficient organizational structure and good working environment so that instruction and evaluation activities can take place.A group that is totally disorganized,unclear about its goals,or constantly fighting among its members will not be a good learning group.The leadership pattern includes helping to form and maintain a positive learning environment so that instruction and evaluation activities can take place.On the first day of class,the teacher faces a room filled with individuals.Perhaps a few closely united groups and friendships already exist.But there is no sense of group unity,no set of rules for conduct in the group,no feeling of belonging.If teachers are successful leaders,they will help students develop a system of relationships that encourages cooperation.Standards and rules must be established that maintain order,ensure justice,and protect individual rights,but do not contradict school policy.What happens when one student hurts anothers individual rights?Without clear guidelines mutually agreeable to students,teachers,and administration,the classroom can become chaotic.Students may break rules they did not know existed.If standards are set without input from the class,students may spend a great deal of creative energy in ruining the class environment,finding ways to break rules.No matter how skillful the teacher is in uniting students and establishing a positive atmosphere,the risk is never complete.Regular maintenance is necessary.Conflicts arise.The needs of individual member change.A new kind of learning task requires a new organizational structure.Sometimes outside pressures such as holidays,upcoming tests or athletic contests,or family troubles cause stress in the classroom.One task for the teacher is to restore a positive environment by helping students cope with conflict,change,and stress.36.This article is written mainly for the purpose of _.B.providing information for teaching37.The teacher,to some extent,is a leader because _.D.he is responsible for a well-organized class and a good learning environment38.The teacher should do more than teach.It is his responsibility to _.D.all of the above39.The following statements are true of the standards and rules to be established EXCEPT _.B.the standards and rules are accepted only by the teachers and administration40.Which of the following is NOT true?D.If the teacher well unites his students and creates a positive atmosphere,he then will complete his task.Passage 3Some people argue that the pressures on international sportsmen and sportswomen kill the essence of sport- the pursuit of personal excellence.Children kick a football around for fun.When they get older and play for local school teams,they become competitive but they still enjoy playing.The individual representing his country cannot afford to think about enjoying himself;he has to think only about winning.He is responsible for an entire nations hopes,dreams and reputation.A good example is the football World Cup.Football is the worlds most important sport.It is even more important now that the United States is seriously taking it up.Winning the World Cup is perhaps the summit of international sporting success.Mention “Argentina” to someone and the changes are that hell think of football.In a sense,winning the World Cup “put Argentina on the map”.Sports fans and supporters get quite irrational about the World Cup.People in England felt that their country was somehow important after they won in 1966.Last year thousands of Scots sold their cars,and even their houses,and spent all their money traveling to Argentina,where the finals were played.So,am I arguing that international competition kills the idea of sport?Certainly not!Do the Argentineans really believe that because eleven of their men proved the most skillful at football,their nation is in every way better than all others?Not really.But its nice to know that you win,and that in one way at least your country is best.41.What is the authors main purpose in the passage?D.To explain the role of sport.42.In the second paragraph,the word “summit” means _.C.highest point43.According to the passage,Argentina is world-famous because of its _.B.successes in the football World Cup44.According to the passage,if a sportsman only thinks about winning,he will _.B.lose enjoyment45.What is the authors attitude towards international games?C.Nations that win in international games prove best on the sports field at least.Passage 4Finding time to enjoy life is becoming harder and harder.As the average work week lengthens,leisure time drops.Yet some of the worlds busiest people are able to develop rewarding careers and also make time for family and leisure activities.Here is their best advice,plus that of time-management experts.1. Use your peak hours wisely.When is the best time to undertake important tasks?Normal body temperature can vary as much as 1.6 degrees Celsius during the day.These patterns correlate with the rise and fall of your working efficiency,mental alertness and feeling of well-being.Simply lounging in bed in the morning can rob you of productive time.“Long ago I learned a trick that saves me 20 to 50 minutes a day,”one busy man told me.“I simply get out of bed when I wake up.Lingering only delays the inevitable,and you arent getting any real rest anyway.”People tends to be most alert in late morning and mid-evening.Afternoon brings an increase in sleepiness,with a “trough” (低谷) in efficiency occurring around 2 or 3 p.m.After body temperature peaks between 6 and 8 p.m.,many people experience a decrease in alertness.Use your high-efficiency hours to tackle difficult jobs or engage in creative thinking.For low-efficiency times,concentrate on reading the newspaper,cleaning up or sorting your mail.By adapting to your mental condition,you can accomplish more in less time.2. Make a plan.Would you drive to an unfamiliar destination without a road map?Time-management experts agree that the most productive minutes of your day are those devoted to planning ahead.Just 20 minutes of organizing can save an hour of extra remembering what must be done.“Dont try to carry your life around in your head,” says an expert.“Write things down so you can free your brain for more creative pursuits.”Make a to-do list every day.If you have fewer than ten items,use numbers to prioritize your list.If you have more,group the most urgent task under “A”,less important under “B” and least vital under “C”,or rank items with different colored highlighters.In less than ten minutes,a New York City attorney,a mother of four,lists all household tasks to be completed each day.Through good organization,she is able to manage her family and professional responsibilities,and also stay involved in church activities and a university board of trustees - and do everything well.46.According to the passage,_ is related to our working efficiencyC.the variation of human body temperature47.When is the body temperature highest?B.At 6 or 8 p.m.48.When is the working efficiency lowest?D.Between 2 or 3 p.m.49.In the passage,its recommended that one can do some cleaning up _.B.at 2 or 3 p.m.50.According to the passage,how can one live a productive life?A.By making a plan aheadPart IV.Cloze(10)Directions:Each blank in the following passage is provided with four possible answers.Read the whole passage and choose the best answer for each blank.Then,mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.A desert is a land 51 plants,animals,and people cannot get all the water they need because the climate is 52 too dry or too cold. 53 deserts have 54 than 10 inches of rainfall a year.There may be months or even years between one rainstorm and 55 .The rainwater quickly runs 56 the land,sinks into the sand or evaporates into the dry air.No matter how dry a desert may be,it is 57 to man.In some of the driest regions 58 has found valuable minerals.The discovery of petroleum,in particular,_59_ great changes to the deserts.Oil is now the most important export of several desert countries in the Middle East,and it has been 60 in the western Sahara.Saudi Arabia,Iraq and Kuwait are 61 called oil kingdoms.Man has changed the desert in many ways to make it a better place 62 to live.But the greatest problem of the deserts 63 .That problem is 64 water over large areas.Man is turning to the sea 65 water.Scientists are constantly 66 methods of 67 the salt from