材料英语证书考试(PEC)-工业自动化材料处理术语.doc

材料英语证书考试(PEC)-工业自动化材料处理术语AADC: (Automatic Data Collection)The term used to describe direct entry of data into a computer system, programmable logic controller (PLC), or other microprocessor-controlled device without using a keyboard.AGV: (Automated Guided Vehicle)These vehicles are equipped with electromagnetic, optical or other systems for guidance and employ various types of collision avoidance systems. AGVs can have reprogramming capabilities for path selection and positioning.ANSI: (American National Standards Institute)A non-governmental group responsible for the development of the standard character set of OCR, standard bar code symbology specifications (Code 39, Codabar, and Interleaved 2 of 5 Code), and other standard relating to government and industryASCII: (American Standard Code for Information Interchange)A coding system used to represent all text characters and control codes a computer is capable of producing.AS/RS: (Automated Storage/Retrieval System)A combination of equipment and controls which handles, stores, and retrieves materials with precision accuracy and speed under a defined degree of automation. Systems vary from relatively simple, manually controlled order-picking machines operating in small storage structures to giant, computer-controlled storage and retrieval systems totally integrated into the manufacturing and distribution process.ATM: (Asynchronous Transfer Mode)A high-speed data communications standard. It uses fixed-length packets and facilitates transmission at up to 155 megabits per second. Also known as cell relay.AUI: (Attachment Unit Interface)A 15 pin shielded, twisted pair Ethernet cable used (optionally to connect between network devices and a MAU).Agenda:A list of the topics and tasks to be addressed in a meeting.Algorithm:Sequence of instructions with a finite number of steps, to complete a given problem or task.Amortization:(1) As applied to a capitalized asset, the distribution of the initial cost by periodic charges to operations as in depreciation. Most properly applies to assets with indefinite life. (2) The reduction of a debt by either periodic or irregular payments. (3) A plan to pay off a financial obligation according to some prearranged program. (4) the time period used to depreciate and pay for an asset on the books. Often referred to as write off.Analog Control:Control signals that are processed through analog means. Analog control can be electronic, hydraulic, or pneumatic. A data-transfer method that uses continuously variable physical quantities for transmitting voice and data signals over conventional telephone lines. Analog transmission speed is limited by the bandwidth of the human voice.Artificial Intelligence:(AI) The ability of a machine system such as the ASAP software to perceive anticipated or unanticipated new conditions, decide what actions must be performed under the conditions, and plan the actions accordingly.Aspect Ratio:In a bar code symbol, the ratio of bar height to symbol length.Assembly Language:Computer language composed of brief expressions in mnemonic codes that are later translated into machine-level language for execution by the computer.Autodiscrimination:A feature present in some scanners allowing the device to distinguish, from a predetermined set of symbologies, which particular code is being read.ASAP Workstations:Those computer workstations where the ASAP Software may be used by the End-User to induct orders, store and pick work-in-process items, supervise and manage orders within the ASAP Software.Automated Order Picking Machines:Specialized automated order picking machines have been developed by a number of manufactures for specific application in high volume small parts order picking operations. These systems have typically been applied in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and personal care products industries. Automated order picking machines are optimized for high speed order picking of small packaged items which are consistent in terms of the size and strength of the package. Typical items picked by such systems include packaged health and beauty aids, packages automotive parts such as spark plugs, points, etc., pharmaceutical items such as pills and medications, and cosmetics.Automatic Lubricator:A device used to automatically lubricate the chain, trolley wheels, or other carousel or conveyor components as they pass.Automatic Sortation:The electronic recognition of cartons by size or code enabling these to be sorted into groups.Automation:(1) A system or method in which many or all of the operations of production, movement and inspection of parts and materials are automatically controlled or performed by self-operating machinery, electronic devices, etc. (2) Automatically-controlled operations of an apparatus, process, or system by mechanical or electronic devices that replace human observation, effort, and decision.Average Peak Staffing:A method of arriving at the number of people needed to staff each warehouse department calculated between average work load and maximum (peak). Designed to compromise between under and over-staffing.BBPS: (Bits per second)Units of transmission speed. (Bits per second) Units of transmission speed. (Bits per second) Units of transmission speed.Backbone:The main cable in a network.Background:The spaces, quiet zones and area surrounding a printed symbol.Ball Transfer:A group of ball transfers over which flat surface objects may be moved in any direction.Bar:The darker element of a printed bar code symbol.Bar Code:An automatic identification technology that encodes information into an array of adjacent varying width parallel rectangular bars and spaces.Bar Code Character:A single group of bars and spaces that represents a specific number (often one of numbers, letters, punctuation marks or other symbols). This is the smallest subset of a car code symbol that contains data.Bar Code Density:The number of data characters that can be represented in a linear unit of measure. Bar code density is often expressed in characters per inch.Bar Code Label:A label that carries a bar code symbol is suitable to be affixed to an article.Bar Height or Bar Length:The bar dimension perpendicular to the bar width. Also called height. Scanning is performed in an axis perpendicular to the bar length.Bar Width:The thickness if a bar measured form the edge closest to the symbol start character to the trailing edge of the same bar.Baseband LAN:A LAN that uses a single carrier frequency over a single channel. Ethernet, Token Ring and Arcnet LANs use baseboard transmission.Batch Picking:(1) A technique used to group orders to maximize order selection efficiency, by totaling all orders for the same item and picking them all during one visit to the pick-front. (2) Batch picking consists of an order picker picking all the units of one item needed to satisfy a multiple of customer orders.Baud:Unit of signal frequency in signals per second. Not synonymous with bits per second since signals can represent more than one bit. Baud equals bits per second only when the signal represents a single bit.Bay:A cubic space with limits normally defined by functional or physical constraints, as example: (a) structural bay, the space defined by four columns, (b) storage bay, the space defined by the size of a block of material stored within it.Belt Conveyor:A circular fabric, rubber, plastic, leather or metal belt operated over a suitable drive, tail end and bend terminals and over belt idlers or a slider bed for handling materials, packages, or objects placed directly upon the belt. The top and return runs may be utilized for handling materials. Belt conveyors can operate on level surfaces, on an incline, or decline with limits on the slope of either unless restraint is provided.Benchmark:A standard of measurement with enough characteristics common to the individual units of a population to facilitate economical comparison of attributes for units selected from a sample. Benchmarks may be used for job evaluation, performance rating, establishing operational standards, standard data development, cost estimating, and other purposes.Beneficial Use:The date upon which, for the first time, the licensed ASAP Software has directed or otherwise facilitated the movement and System directed put-away, replenishment, picking, and other SOW functionality of licensee product materials for five consecutive business work days. Consequently, the End-User makes reasonable productive and commercial use of the System although the Acceptance Test Elements may not be completed.Bill of Lading:A negotiable document by which a carrier acknowledges receipt of freight and contracts for its movement. The surrender of the original order bill of lading, properly enclosed, is required by transportation lines upon delivery of the freight, in accordance with the terms of bill of lading.Binaries:Binary machine readable forms of programs which have been compiled or assembled. As opposed to Source language forms of programs.Binary:Characteristics of having only two states such as current on an current off. The binary number system uses only ones and zeros.Bit:The smallest unit of data processing information. A bit (or binary digit) assumes the value of either 1 or 0.Black Box Testing:Also known as Functional Testing. Used to determine program conformation to specification.Brainstorming:A method for generating ideas and opinions about a problem or issue that will be raised during a meeting.Bridge:A networking device that connects two LANs and forwards or filters data packets between the LANs, based on their destination addresses.Broadband:A data transmission technique allowing multiple high-speed signals to share the bandwidth of a single cable via frequency division multiplexing.Broadband Network:A network that uses multiple carrier frequencies to transmit multiplexed signals on a single cable. Several networks may coexist on a single cable without interfering with one another.Brouter:A device that routes specific protocols, such as TCP/IP and IPX, and bridges other protocols, thereby combining the functions of both routers and bridges.Bulk Storage:(1) An area in the warehouse set aside for storage of multiple pallets of a given product. (2) Storage in warehouses of any large quantity of supplies, usually in original containers, or storage of liquids or solids such as coal, lumber, rubber bales, petroleum products, or ores in tanks or piles. (3) The area within a facility or warehouse which is devoted to the placement of large, greater than loose-issue quantities of items, or in which each single item is too large to be placed in a bin storage location.Bus:A LAN topology in which all the nodes are connected to a single cable. All nodes are considered equal and receive transmissions on the medium.Byte:A data unit of eight bits.CCAD: (Computer-Aided Design)The use of an interactive-terminal workstation, usually with graphics capability, to automate the design of products. CAD includes functions like drafting and parts-fitup. (Computer-Aided Design) The use of an interactive-terminal workstation, usually with graphics capability, to automate the design of products. CAD includes functions like drafting and parts-fitup. (Computer-Aided Design) The use of an interactive-terminal workstation, usually with graphics capability, to automate the design of products. CAD includes functions like drafting and parts-fitup.CAM: (Computer-Aided Manufacturing)Working from a product design likely to exist in a CAD database, CAM encompasses the computer-based technologies that physically produce the product, including part-program preparation, process planning, tool design, process analysis, and part processing by numerically controlled machines.CCD Scanner: (Charged Coupled Device). This device operates by flooding the bar code with light using a CCD array to sense the bar code. CCD scanners are available in both contact and non-contact versions.CRT: (Cathode Ray Tube)Terminal Consists of a small visual display and a keyboard similar to that of a typewriter. With a CRT Terminal, an operator can access a computer to enter data or receive information and/or instructions.CSP: (Customer Support Program)ASAP Automation agreement with customers on expectations and services provided for supporting our systems.Cantilever Rack:A rack consisting of arms cantilevered from column(s). A cantilever rack is most useful when there is a need for a full clear shelf that can be loaded form the front without obstructing uprights.Capacity:(1) The maximum load in pounds, or the maximum load in pounds at a given load center, that a truck can safely transport and/or stack to a specified height. (2) The number of pieces, volume or weight of material that can be handled by a conveyor in a unit of time when operating at a given speed.Capacity Rated:The rated or design capacity of the conveying or load carrying equipment as stated by vendor.Carousel:Carousels carry a number of storage baskets suspended at the top and bottom by a powered track system. the baskets are moved around the carousel unit under operator or computer control and order picking takes place from the basket which is stopped at an operator station.Carousel Dwell Time:This is the time an operator is waiting for the carousel to position.Carrier:A device of various types attached to or hung from trolleys to support a load.Catwalk:An elevated service platform or walkway constructed to permit access to equipment, controls or other devices not frequently used. The catwalk generally is designed to support only itself and the weight of men required for access to the aforementioned items.Center of Gravity:The point in a rigid body where the entire mass of the body could be concentrated and produce the same gravity resultant as for the body itself.Change of Elevation:Vertical distance between the upper horizontal track of a vertical curve to the corresponding point on the lower horizontal track.Channel:The data path between two nodes.Check Digit:A check digit serves the same purpose as a check character, but it may assume numeric values only.Chute:A trough through which bulk materials or objects are directed and lowered by gravity. The trough may be open or enclosed, straight or curved.Circulation Loop:Material, packages, or objects that remain in or on a conveyor by virtue of not being discharged or removed from it.Client:The requester program in a client/server computing architecture.Client/Server Computing:A type of processing in which a client requests a service or information from a server that performs the service and/or returns the requested information to the client. In networking, refers to a network in which several PC-type systems (clients) are connected to one or more powerful, central computers (servers). The servers act as central storehouses, serving files, information, and applications as requested by clients. The clients do most of the processing and the server is mainly responsible for storing information and passing it to the client machines when they request it. In databases, client/server refers to a model in which a client system runs a database application (front end) that accesses information in a database management system situated on a server (back end).Closed Circuit Conveyor:An arrangement of conveyor or conveyors capable of moving material through all portions of a circuit, and returning the undistributed portion to the starting point.Coaxial Cable:An electrical cable with a solid wire conductor at its center surrounded by insulating materials and an outer metal screen conductor with and axis of curvature coinciding with the inner - hence coaxial. Examples are standard Ethernet cable and ThinWire Ethernet cable.Code 39 (3 of 9):A bar code that encodes 43 data characters (0 through 0, A through Z, six symbols, and a space). Each character is represented by nine elements (five bars and four spaces); three of the elements are wide and six elements are narrow. Nominal bar code density is 9.4 characters per inch (cpi) (high density) with other densities of 8.3, 4.7, 3.0, and 1.7 cpi.Code 128:A bar code containing a full 128-character ASCII set. Special features include bar and space character parity for character integrity, a function character for symbol linking, and spare function characters for expansion or unique applications. A character consists of three bars and three spaces, with each bar or space contain one to four elements.Coefficient of Friction:A numerical expression of the ratio between the force of contact existing between two surfaces and the resistant force tending to oppose the motion of one with respect to the other. The coefficient of friction is used in determining the power necessary to drive a machine; to determine the slope of angles used in hoppers, bin, chutes, and bunkers; or to determine the maximum angle of inclination for a conveyor.Common Carrier:A carrier engaged in the business of transporting goods and/or persons for compensation without discrimination.Communication Server:A dedicated, standalone system that manages communications activities for other computers.Computer Controlled:A system that is controlled by a computer without humans handling the product manually with a machine.Contact Readers:A scanner that must physically touch the bar code to read it.Control Panel:An assembly of electrical components (magnetic or static) which governs the flow of power to or from a motor in response to signals from a master switch, push-button station, or remote control.Control System:A hardware/software system that has its primary function the collection and analysis of feedback for a given set of funct