经济金融常用术语汉英对照表格介绍.doc

经济金融常用术语汉英对照表格介绍 A 安全网safety 按可比口径onparablebasis 按轻重缓急toprioritize 暗补implicitsubsidy 暗亏hiddenloss B 颁发营业执照tolicense;tograntalicenceto 办理存款业务totakedeposits 保护农民的生产积极性toprotectfarmersincentivetoproduce 备付金（超额准备金）excessreserves 本外币并账consolidationofdomesticandforeigncurrencyaounts 本外币对冲操作sterilizationoperation 本位利益localizedinterest;departmentalism 奔小康tostrivetoprosper;tostrivetobeewell-to-do 避税（请见“逃税”）taxavoidance 币种搭配不当currencymismatch 币种构成currencyposition 变相社会集资disguisedirregular（orillegal）fundraising 表外科目（业务）off-balance-sheetitems（operation） 薄弱环节weaknesses;loopholes 不变成本fixedcost 不变价atconstantprice;inrealterms 不动产realestate 不良贷款（资产）problemloans；non-performingloans（assets） 经济金融术语汉英对照表H 经济金融术语汉英对照表H时间:xx/10/28 H 合理预期rationalexpectation 核心资本corecapital 合资企业joint-ventureenterprises 红利dividend 宏观经济运营良好soundmacroeconomicperformance 宏观经济基本状况macroeconomicfundamentals 宏观调控macroeconomicmanagement（oradjustment） 宏观调控目标macroeconomicobjectives（ortargets） 坏账baddebt 还本付息debtservice 换汇成本unitexportcost;localcurrencycostofexportearnings 汇兑在途fundsinfloat 汇兑支出advancepaymentofremittancebythebeneficiarysbank 汇率并轨unificationofexchangerates 活期存款demanddeposits 汇率失调exchangeratemisalignment 混合所有制diversified（mixed）ownership 货币政策态势moarypolicystance 货款拖欠overdueobligationstosuppliers 经济金融术语汉英对照表J J 基本建设投资investmentininfrastructure 基本经济要素economicfundamentals 基本适度broadlyappropriate 基准利率benchmarkinterestrate 机关团体存款depositsofnon-profitinstitutions 机会成本opportunitycost 激励机制incentivemechanism 积压严重heavystockpile;excessiveinventory 挤提存款runonbanks 挤占挪用unwarranteddiversionof（financial）resources（fromdesignateduses） 技改投资investmentintechnologicalupgrading 技术密集型产品technology-intensiveproduct 计划单列市municipalitieswithindependentplanningstatus 计划经济plannedeconomy 集体经济thecollectivesector 加大结构调整力度tointensifystructuraladjustment 加工贸易processingtrade 加快态势aeleratingtrend 加强税收征管稽查toenhancetaxadministration 加权价weightedaverageprice 价格放开priceliberalization 价格形成机制pricingmechanism 减亏toreducelosses 简化手续tocutredtape;tosimplify（streamline）procedures 交投活跃brisktrading 缴存准备金todepositrequiredreserves 结构扭曲structuraldistortion 结构失调structuralimbalance 结构性矛盾突出acutestructuralimbalance 结构优化structuralimprovement（optimization） 结汇、售汇saleandpurchaseofforeignexchange 金融脆弱financialfragility 金融动荡financialturbulence 金融风波financialdisturbance 金融恐慌financialpanic 金融危机financialcrisis 金融压抑financialrepression 金融衍生物financialderivatives 金融诈骗financialfraud 紧缩银根totightenmoarypolicy 紧缩政策austeritypolicies;tightfinancialpolicies 经常账户可兑换currentaountconvertibility 经济特区specialeconomiczones（SEZs） 经济体制改革economicreform 经济增长方式的转变changeinthemainsourceofeconomicgrowth（frominvestmentexpansiontoefficiencygains） 经济增长减速economicslowdown;moderationineconomicgrowth 经济制裁economicsanction 经营自主权autonomyinmanagement 景气回升recoveryinbusinessactivity 境外投资overseasinvestment 竞争加剧intensifyingpetition 局部性金融风波localized（isolated）financialdisturbance 经济金融术语汉英对照表G G 改革试点reformexperimentation 杠杆率leverageratio 杠杆收购leveragedbuyout 高息集资toraisefundsbyofferinghighinterest 个人股non-institutionalshares 根本扭转fundamentalturnaround（orreversal） 公开市场操作openmarketoperations 公款私存depositpublicfundsinpersonalaounts 公用事业publicutilities 公有经济thestate-ownedsector;thepublicsector 公有制publicownership 工业成本利润率profit-to-costratio 工业增加值industrialvalueadded 供大于求supplyexceedingdemand;excessivesupply 鼓励措施incentives 股份合作企业joint-equitycooperativeenterprises 股份制企业joint-equityenterprises 股份制银行joint-equitybanks 固定资产贷款fixedassetloans 关税减免tariffreductionandexemption 关税减让tariffconcessions 关税优惠tariffincentives;preferentialtarifftreatment 规范行为toregularize（orstandardize）behavior 规模效益economiesofscale 国计民生nationalinterestandpeopleslivelihood 国家对个人其他支出othergovernmentoutlaystoindividuals 国家风险countryrisk 国际分工internationaldivisionoflabor 国际收支balanceofpayments 国有独资商业银行whollystate-ownedmercialbanks 国有经济（部门）thestate-owned（orpublic）sector 国有企业state-ownedenterprises（SOEs） 国有制state-ownership 国有资产流失erosionofstateassets 国债回购governmentsecuritiesrepurchase 国债一级自营商primaryunderwritersofgovernmentsecurities 过度竞争excessivepetition 过度膨胀excessiveexpansion 过热迹象signsofoverheating 经济金融术语汉英对照表E-F E 恶性通货膨胀hyperinflation 二级市场secondarymarket F 发行货币toissuecurrency 发行总股本totalstockissue 法定准备金requiredreserves;reserverequirement 法人股institutionalshares 法人股东institutionalshareholders 法治ruleoflaw 房地产投资realestateinvestment 放松银根toeasemoarypolicy 非现场稽核off-sitesurveillance（ormonitoring） 非银行金融机构non-bankfinancialinstitutions 非赢利性机构non-profitorganizations 分税制assignmentofcentralandlocaltaxes;taxassignmentsystem 分业经营segregationoffinancialbusiness（services）;divisionofbusinessscopebasedonthetypeoffinancialinstitutions 风险暴露（风险敞口）riskexposure 风险管理riskmanagement 风险意识riskawareness 风险资本比例risk-weightedcapitalratios 风险资本标准risk-basedcapitalstandard 服务事业收入publicservicecharges;userscharges 扶贫povertyalleviation 负增长negativegrowth 复式预算制double-entrybudgeting;capitalandcurrentbudgetaryaount 经济金融术语汉英对照表D D 打白条issueIOU 大额存单certificateofdeposit（CD） 大额提现withdrawdepositsinlargeamounts 大面积滑坡wide-spreaddecline 大一统的银行体制（all-in-one）mono-banksystem 呆账（请见“坏账”）badloans 呆账准备金loanlossreserves（provisions） 呆滞贷款idleloans 贷款沉淀non-performingloans 贷款分类loanclassification 贷款限额管理creditcontrol;toimposecreditceiling 贷款约束机制creditdisciplinary（constraint）mechanism 代理国库toactasfiscalagent 代理金融机构贷款makeloansonbehalfofotherinstitutions 戴帽贷款ear-markedloans 倒逼机制reversedtransmissionofthepressureforeasingmoarycondition 道德风险moralhazard 地区差别regionaldisparity 第一产业theprimaryindustry 第二产业thesecondaryindustry 第三产业theserviceindu