中考英语(自己整理的笔记,很全).doc

（八.一）Lesson One1.Know about 间接了解、知道、获悉 Know of 获悉（更好）=hear of Know 了解、知道、直接认识2.one of +最高级+名（复） one of the+名（复）3.Invetor (n) Invent (v) Invention (n)4. be born. born - bear 出生5. 既问时间又问地点 问句：When and where 答句：swhere and stime6. as a boy 作为一个男孩 =When he was a boy7. teach oneself something 自学某物 例：I teach myself English8. be interested in (science) 对 感兴趣 Show / have interest (n) in interest (n) 不可数 利益、感兴趣的事 例： lost interest in 失去兴趣9. electric (a) 电的 electricity (n) 电10. more than = over 反义 less than11. 我有一个自己的房间 例：（1）. I hare my own(n) room (2). I hare a room of my own(a) (3). I own(v) a room (4). I am the owner of the room(5). The room belongs to me(6). The room is mine.12. test tubes and chemicals 化学药品 chemicals n. 化学药品 chemistry n. 化学（学科） chemist n. 化学家、药剂师 chemists n. 药房 chemical a. 化学（性质）的 例： chemistry teacher 化学老师 chemical change 化学变化13. 例：school christmas ache14. each other 互相、两人（n）例：know each other; write to each other ;learn from each other ;one another相互、多人（n）15. famous = well -known 反义 unknown fame (v) famous be famous for16. not only - but also - 动词跟第二主语 both -and - 动词复数 例： Not only my brother but also I am a teacher. Both my brother and I are teachers. Both my parents and my teacher like me very much. Not only my parents but also my teacher like me very much. Not only my teacher also my parents like me very much.17. Britain 英国18. borrow from. lend to 以主语为主 例：I borrowed a book from Tow. Tow lent a book to me.19. take a photo. make a film. monitor 男的 monitress 女的20. professor. visitor. doctor. inventor. spectator monitor21. at home 副 in ones home (n)22. a / ju: / an / / Europe 欧洲 European 一个欧洲人/的23. one and a half hours. one hour and a half.24. be late(a) for = come late(ad) to be kind to sb. kind kindness kindly25. be worth doing sth26.be in hospital 住院 in the hospital 在医院 be in prison 蹲监狱 be in the prison 在监狱Lesson Two1. on a Saturday morning （具体时间）跟某天连用+on on a hot evening.2. on the morning of Sep 9th. in the morning on Sep 9th.3. join 加入某组织， group 队 take part in = join in 参加 join sb in sth join us in our group. 例：Mary joined the singing group. she took part in the contest / match（运动）4. be good at = de well in 有比较极，最高级 反义 be poor at. He is good at maths, but he is best at English.5. be sure to do sth Certainly do sth surely do sth 例： (1) I an sure to win the match. (2) I will sure to win the match. (3) I will sure certainly the match. I was sure to do. I was surely do.6. be sure + that 从句， believe + that 从句 例： I am sure that they will win the match. I believe sure that they will win the match.7. catch ones eye 单数8. something catch one eye = sb see sth.9. 长在树上用 on. 树叶茂密用 in.10. finish it off. make it out. turn it down/off/up/on. put it on. take it off 副词与动词拆开中间+it. look at. hesitate for (a moment) 介词不拆开11. hesitate - hesitation(n)12. turn back . turn right/left (副) = turn to right/left(n) turn over 翻转13. 动词+人+物 = 动词+物+介+人 双宾语时： to - give. pass. show . bring. take. for- buy make. get. draw. sins. paint. borrow. 例： Please borrow a book for me.14. laugh at 嘲笑， laugh over 大笑15. stop to do 停止去干某事 （停止去干另一件事）= stop (doing sth) to do sth stop doing 停止做某事（停止手中这一件） 例：I stop to answer the phone. 停止下去接电话 When the teacher came, we stopped talking. To our joy(a) he stopped to talk with us.让我们高兴的是他停下跟我们说话。 (To our surprise)16. in a hurry = hurriedly.hurry to school go to school in a hurry. go to school hurriedly hurry(v) - hurried(a) -hurriedly(ad) hurry off 匆忙离开 = leave hurriedly.17. 动+数+单位+形 be five minutes late. be five years old. 例 The hole is 100 square meters big. he live one floor higher than me.18. 修饰比较级的有： still; far; much; a lot; a little; a bit; eve, many （只修饰可数）19. need finish. enjoy advise waste. keep. practise +doing sth. need 主（物） +doing sth want, tell, ask, order, invite decide need + to do sth need 主（人） + to do sth 20. reach, get to, arrive in/at (够得着只用reach) I am not tall enough to reach the flower.21. long before（副）早于,很早以前 before（介） long = soon. 很快（用于将来时） earlier than.22. invite sb to do sth invitation(n).23. for 为了表目的。提供某人准备，适用 例： the tickets for the evening show. the legs of the table. of 属于，固定搭配，日期。有生命的用s，无生命的用of , 例： the legs of the table.Lesson Three1. leave 离开。 leave A for B. 离-去 = go to leave sth at home 遗忘在家2.talk about / to / with.3.What do you think of.How do you like 征询别人对某事的评价 How is What about 有上文的联系或提建议 + doing sth/n./代 How about4. prefer A to B = like A better than B.prefer - preferred prefer doing A to doing B. prefer to do A ratter the to do B. 宁可 prefer to do sth 更喜欢做某事prefer to be a teacher.5. take sth with sb。 随身带 bring sth with sb. take + to/into/out of. bring + to/into/out of.6. excited 人 - exciting 物 interested 人-interesting 物 surprised 人- surprising 物7. be dull - be boring8. at the meeting, at the party, at he English Evening 与会有关用atLesson Four 1. exhibition =show exhibit(v.)2. seat(n)-sth be seated 人座3. He stood in the front of the bus to look the driver drive.4. look up look up the word in the dictionary.5. see sb doing sth. /find sb doing sth. /listen sb doing sth. notice sb doing sth. /look at sb doing sth. watch sb doing sth. /hear sb doing sthhear sb do sth./ notice sb do sth /watch sb sth.除了find 外 (find do sth 不存在), do sth 全过程 doing sth 行动时在做6. be 联系动词：(be) look 看上去，看起来 (be) sound 听上去(be) smell 闻起来 (be) taste 尝上去 (be) feel 感观 get变得become转变grow从小到大turn颜色转变keep保持fall状态，切换例：sound great / interesting. look pale / like. smell good, taste mice, fell soft, keep warm, turn red, get cold, grow fine, fall asleep /ill联系动词+形， 形+副， 辨别时遮取所填词通畅为副，不通为形，7. ill -worse - worst, an ill man = a bad man.8. come back = be back = get back 反义 get in. return9. sth on show. 参展 sb at show. go to the show. watch the show.10. Im not sure = Its hand say.11. may be = perhaps =probably ( 强度比 may be 大)may be 表猜测 must be 把握比 “may be” 大反义 cant be 表否定例：may be he is at home. he may be at home. he cant be at home (must be要慎用)12. be expensive = be dear 反义 cheap 13. take a bus = go by bus = go on a bus.例：(1).My mother takes an underground to work every day.(2). My mother goes to work by underground every day.(3). My mother goes to work in an underground every day.注：car - in. bus / plane / underground - in / on. bike /motorcycle - on13. a friend of his = one of his friends. a old classmate of mine = one of my old classmates. a student of my teachers = one of my teachers students.14. in all = altogether 总共 15. 在杯子，碗中用in， 盆子，碟中用on例：on the farm 在农场 on the football team 在足球队16. go + doing 固定搭配 (camping / shopping / swimming / boating / fishing / traveling / sightseeing 去观光)17. a. tell = sb a story = a story to sb. a lie; the truth; the time固定搭配 tell sb to do sth. tell sb sth. tell sb about sth. b: say 有内容的（作宾语）： it in English, the word. sth, that, what 例： what did you say? (what 作宾语 ) c: speak 只能跟语言作宾语，别的时候它是不及物动词 speak English (语言), say it in English (只表示说话时用的是英语) d: talk 交流 = have a 谈话，听报告 give a 作报告 e: speak 演讲 - speech(n) = make a speech. f: report - make a report.18. the day before yesterday 前天， the day after tomorrow 后天 the meek after the next 下下周， the year before the last 前前年Lesson Five1. Say with a smile = smile and say (时态一致)2. work very well = do very good work.例：speak very good English = speak English very wall.swim very fast = be a very fast swimmer.3. belong go 属于4. return come back 返回, give back 归还5. 节日名前不加贯词 例：Chinese Now Years Day. National Day. Mid - autumn Festival. Womans Day.6. a card with a flower (附带物)，a card with a wonder house.in the newspaper (报纸上的)7. 双宾语间没有主谓语关系 例：I give you a book 不 = Youre a book. 复合宾语间有主谓语关系例：We call her kitty Cat = Shes kitty cat.I told my daughter to buy something 宾语补足语My daughter bought something. 宾语补足语8. hope to do sth. hope that. 注：没有hope sb to do sth. 例：My mother wants (wishes) me to be a teacher. My mother hopes that I will be a teacher. Wish to do sth .wish sb to do sth. wish + that +虚构语气（时态退步） 例：I wish that I was you. My mother wishes that I would be a teacher.9. such a small picture = so small a picture.10. cry out = shout 11.it takes sb sometime to do sth. sb spends something + doing sthin doing sthon sth 例：It takes me half an hour to do the housework every day. I spend half an hour to do the housework every day. 例：The pencilbox cost me five yuan. I paid five yuan for the pencil-box. I paid five yuan on the pencil-box.12. fly to Beijing = go to Beijing by air (plane) = go to Beijing in a plane = take a plane to Beijing.13. mnage to do sth 困难大经努力成功 succeeded in doing sth. be able to do sth 成功的， try ones best to do sth 未必成功14. 动词+疑问词+动词不定式：learn how to do sth; show how to do sth; tell how to do sth; ask when to do sth;tell me where to go 不是宾语补足语。而是表语，可做主语 what to do不+宾15.from now on 从现在起16. since then 从那以后，延续（现完）17. after that 一个动作做完二个动作，在那以后（过去时/将来时）Lesson Six 1. be on 上映，亮着的，旺着的反义be out 例：The film has been on for five minutes. The lights were out at that time.2. 现在完成时强调结果， 过去时强调时间3. long long ago = owe upon a time.4. push - pull , draw拉 drawer 抽屉5. painter = artist 画家6. sth happen to sb = whats the matter with sb = whats wrong with sb = whats the trouble.7. wait for sb at somewhere.8. 几个普通名词构成的专有名词 + the 例：the Peoples Park有一个或多个汉语拼音 + 普通名词 不+ the 例：He Pin Park.9. take a lift = by lift = go up in a lift.Lesson Seven1. ask for leave(n.) 请求离开 ask sb for sth.2. have a head ache, have toothache (a) have the flu 流感 have a cold / catch a cold. have a fever 发烧 high + temperature, have + temperature 高温 3. kind (a) - kindness (n) kind of (ad) = a bit4. There goes the bell 动词是行为动词 Here you are. be动词放最后 Here me are 5. Itt time for = Its time to doIts time for sb to do sth.动词不定式逻辑主语用for 6. Im all right = Im ok 7. at that time = at that moment at the moment. now8. A: Is there anything wrong with you? B: Yes, there is something wrong with me.9. be bad for = be harmful to 反义 be good for.10. see sb off = say good bye to sb.11. at station 12. come on 催促go ahead 鼓励Lesson Eight 1. show sb around = take sb to visit.go to visit2. give sb sth = give sth to sb = offer sb sth = off sth to sb 提供3. sitting room = living room bath room 洗澡间4. used to do sth = often did something 5. a good year = a rich harvest 大丰收6. pick a lot of fruit 摘7. better than before 8. should = had better = ought to9. 职务前不加the 例：present the U.S.A （什么地方的什么）10. what is sb = what does sb do = whats sbs job = what job does sb do.11. dormitory 宿舍12. offer / give ones help to others = offer / give others ones help.13. chick 小鸡chicken 小鸡 / 鸡肉 hen 母鸡 cock 公鸡 peacock 孔雀Lesson Nine1. as we all know 众所周知, however 然而2. from to = from - till-3. as - as 同极比较 not as / so 只用否定句 as 4. Im not as tall as my brother Im shorter than my brother 比较极不用否定5. abort 关于，大约= around 例：abort two inches thick6. Africa African a European, Asian7. carry water 流量 carry 装载= take 8. 汤姆是全班游泳最好的a. Tow is the best swimmers in our class.b. Tow swims best in our class.c. Tow swims better than any other student in our class.d. Tow swims better than all other student in our class.e. Tow swims better than any of the other student in our class.f. Tow swims better than any one else.g. No body else in our class swims as well as Tomh. No body else in our class swims better than Tomi. No other student in our class swims better than Tow.j. No other student in our class swims as well as Tow注：不是同类不加other 例：Tow is taller than any girl in our class.9. Atlantic 大西洋，Pacific 太平洋，ocean 洋，lake 湖，river 河，江， creek溪10. point 指点，one point six metres. point to 指向（远）， point at 指向（近）11. discover = find by chance = find out 反义cover 每发现 cover 覆盖 反义uncover 揭露12. at the table 在桌边 at table 吃饭13. compare 比较 compare with 和相比 compare to 14. used to do .be used to doing . I used to smoke two packets of cigarettes a day, but because of my illness, I had to give it up . At first, I felt very sorry, but after a few months, I became used to the life. without cigarettes. And I m used to getting up early to take some exercise. exercise 操，练习（可数） 锻炼， 不可数）Lesson Ten1. under ground railways 整体the underground an underground + rain 具体2. 辅音+y去+y， 元音+y 不去y，例：study - studies，stay - stays，3. 若以形容词 + ly 无论音节+ more ,most 以y 结尾双音节 + er, est,例外：narrow 狭窄+ er, est 4. modern more modern 5. start 启动， stop 停止， begin 开始， end 结束， end 物做主语，be over 物做主语， finish 人做主语6. help sb to do sth help sb do sth 注：help 不+ doing help sb with sth7. swiftly go swiftly = quickly 反义slowly8. between 两者之间 + and among 三者以上的之间 in the middle of 方位9. automatic a. / n. automatically ad.10. train above（测上方） the ground 反义below over （正上方）反义under11. each 代词+名词 every +名词 a. every one, every body, nobody, no one, 每个人 没有人 b. every one of, none of, 每个人 没有人12. a. a lot of, lots of, plenty of + 可数或不可数， 肯定句b. a large number of, many 许多 + 可数c. much, a huge amount of, a great deal of + 不可数13. had better do sth (Had sb better do sth?)Youd better study harder. Youd better go home early, hadnt you? He has to go home at once doesnt he? They hare to do much homework, dont they?14. convenient and cheap 反义expensive and in-convenient.15. dear16. speed up, at the same speed 速度用 atat the same speed of - 以怎样的速度特指at a speed of 泛指例：The underground trains run at the same speed as the trains above the ground.The under ground trains go as fast as the trains above the ground.This can foes at a speed of 100 kilometres an hour.( 注：表示时速不用 in an hour)17. race 速度型的比赛18. bicycle - cyclist 骑车人 (n.)19. fall: fall off = fall from 摔离某地 fall down fall to the ground 摔到地上，强调方向fall on the ground 静态，倒在地上20. second 第二秒21. develop fast 不双写 develop + ed / ing.22. (a) useful 反义useless uselessly usefully.23. an eleven year old (a)girt = a girl of eleven years old.This building is six floors high.This is an eight - metre - deep hole.a two day meeting = a two day meetingfifteen minutes ride (n.) = fifteen minute ride. hole 车程 (n.) two minutes on foot / by bus.Lesson Eleven1. be crowded 拥挤 be crowded with people.2. a. Shall I do sth for you? 自动提出帮助(Would you like me to do sthThank you.Thats very kind of you) b. Yes, please. / No, thanks I can do it myself.Thats very kind of you.a. Would you like . 吃什么，要什么Would you like to have Would you like to eat .b. Yes, pleaseNo, thanks a. Would you like to do .干什么.b. Yes, Id like / love toYes, I would be glad to.No, thanks Thank you but .3. the best student = the top student.4. be important importance (n.) 反义unimportant5. a. The dishes are delicious.b. Im glad you like them. 6. open(v) be open (a) 开着的， in the open(n) 在户外 = out door - indoor 7. I can manage (by) myself I can manage to do it (by) myself I can do it (by) myself manage 不+ sth8. make you self at home (Yes, I will)Help you self to sth (Thank you, I will)9. on team 在-队Lesson Twelve1. do some shopping = do the shopping = do shopping 在做例：Does your father do any cleaning? go shopping 目的2. have already bought 已经买了have just bought 刚买 havent bought yet 还没买 just now = a moment ago （过）3. dont have much coffee = only a little.not many = only a few 4. on TV on the radio = over the radio5. shelf, loaf, knife, life, wife, half, no lf leaf(树叶) f(e)+ ves6. else 跟在不定代词和疑问词后面，表还有吗？ 其它的anything else , any body else. what else, who else7. be helpful 反义helpless helplessly revision(n)8. review = go over 复习/过一遍，浏览 revision (n)9. history, geography, chemistry, art, politics,政治10. Plan to do, my plan for the minter holidays, I dont think maths is difficult as English 我认为数学不比英语难I dont think he is right (is he?) 我认为他不对 1