主流Unix_OS命令对比_1bzdy.doc

主流服务器UNIX操作系统用户帐号的设置账号设置HP-UX FreeBSD Solaris (SPARC)密码文件/etc/passwd/tcb/files/auth/r/root/etc/passwd/etc/master.passwd/etc/passwd/etc/shadow组文件/etc/group/etc/logingroup/etc/group/etc/group允许最大用户ID2147483647655352147483647允许远程登录的用户文件设置/etc/securettyconsole/etc/ttyssecure/etc/default/loginCONSOLE=/dev/consoleNobody的UID-26553460001 & 65534(nobody4)Nobody的GID-2(nogroup)6553460002 & 65534(nogroup)找回ROOT密码bootInteract with IPL ? YISLhpux -iSpasswd rootok boot -spasswd rootboot cdrom -smkdir /tmp/amount /dev/c0t0d0s0 /tmp/avi /tmp/a/etc/shadow创建新用户useraddadduserUseradd删除用户userdelrmuserUserdel列出用户loginsLogins修改用户账号usermodUsermod账号设置AIX Linux( RedHat ) 密码文件/etc/passwd/etc/security/passwd/etc/passwd/etc/shadow组文件/etc/group/etc/security/group/etc/group允许最大用户ID429496729565535允许远程登录的用户文件设置/etc/security/userrlogin=true/etc/securettyttyp1Nobody的UID429496729499Nobody的GID429496729499找回ROOT密码Boot from CD/TapeInstallation/MaintenanceStart Limited Shellgetrootfs hdisk0vi /etc/security/passwdlilocontrol-xlinux Spasswd rootgrubckernelvmlinuz-2.4.9-13single roroot=/dev/hda8initrd /initrd-2.4.9-13.imgbootpasswd root创建新用户mkuserUseradd删除用户rmuserUserdel列出用户lsuser -f ALL修改用户账号chuser -ausermod主流服务器UNIX操作系统目录结构对比Directory Mappings AIX FreeBSD HP-UX Root filesystem/dev/hd4/dev/ad0s1a/dev/vg00/lvol1Home Directory/home/dev/hd1/home/dev/vg00/lvol4/tmp/dev/hd3/tmp/dev/vg00/lvol6/usr/dev/hd2/usr/dev/ad0s1f/usr/dev/vg00/lvol7/var/dev/hd9var/var/dev/ad0s1e/var/dev/vg00/lvol8Sample configuration files-/usr/newconfigDirectory Mappings Linux( RedHat ) SolarisTru64 Root filesystem/ /dev/sda1/ /dev/vx/dsk/rootvol/ /dev/rz0aHome Directory/export/home dev/vx/dsk/home/tmp dev/vx/dsk/swapvol/usr /usr/dev/rz0g/var Sample configuration files主流服务器UNIX操作系统常用命令General Commands AIX FreeBSD HP-UX Linux(RedHat) Solaris Tru64 Unique host IDHostiduname -ihostidhostidhostidAdministratorSmitSamlinuxconfadmintoolnetconfigPerformance monitorTopas(有过top)monitortopTopglanceToptoptopSystem activity reporterSarsaSarsarVirtual Memory statisticsVmstatvmstatvmstatvmstatvmstatvmstatI/O statisticsIostatiostatiostatiostatiostatError logsalog -o -t booterrptdmesgdmesgDmesgdmesguerf -R -o fullPhysical RAM1M TB4TB64GB2.3.2416TB4TBShared Memory64K TB8TBsysctl kernel.shmmaxProcess Data Space384K TB4TB900 MBSwap device/dev/hd6/dev/ad0s1b/dev/vg00/lvol2/dev/sda2/dev/vx/dsk/swapvol/dev/rz0bSwap file type/etc/swapspacesswapswappartition type 82swaprawDisplay swap sizelsps aswapinfoswapinfo -aFreeswap -lswapon -sActivate Swapswapon -aswapon -aswapon -aswapon -aswap -aswapon -a主流服务器UNIX操作系统打印机、TCP/IP设置Printers AIX FreeBSD HP-UX Printer Queues/etc/qconfig/var/spool/print/etc/lp/interface/*Stop LPstopsrc -s lpdlpshutStart LPstartsrc -s lpdLpdlpschedSubmit print jobsenqlplprqprtLplpLP statisticsenq -AlpqlpstatqchkLpqlpstatRemove print jobscancellprmqcanenq xCancellprmcancelAdd printer queuesmit mkpqlpadmin -p pqRemove Printer Qsmit rmpqlpadmin -x pqMake default Prtexport LPDEST=pqlpadmin -d pqTCP/IP AIX FreeBSD HP-UX Network IP configurationlsattr -E -l inet0/etc/rc.conf/etc/rc.config.d/netconfHosts IP addresses/etc/hosts/etc/hosts/etc/hostsName service switch/etc/netsvc.conf/etc/host.conf/etc/nsswitch.confNetwork parametersno aSysctlndd -hRouting daemonGatedRoutedgatedNIC Configurationsifconfig aifconfig -alanscan -vSecondary IP Addrifconfig en0 alias IPifconfig xl0 alias IPifconfig lan0:1 IP(solaris also)Login promptHERALD /etc/security/login.cfgtelnetd b /etc/issueIncrease the # of pseudo-terminalsodmget -q attribute=num and uniquetype=pty/pty/pty PdAt | sed s/0-64/0-512/ |odmchange -q attribute=num and uniquetype=pty/pty/pty -o PdAt chdev -l pty0 -anum=256 -Prebootrebuild your kernel with these new values NPTY=#NSTRPY=# reboot insf -d ptys -n #insf -d ptym -n #insf -d pts -s # -e -vMaximum # of ptys512MAXUSERSRemote ShellRemshrshRshremshYP/NIS service binder/usr/lib/netsvc/yp/ypbind/usr/sbin/ypbind/usr/lib/netsvc/yp/ypbind主流服务器UNIX操作系统打印机、TCP/IP设置 续Printers Linux (Redhat)Solaris (SPARC)Tru64 Printer Queues/var/spool/lpd/lp/*/etc/lp/interfaces/*/usr/spool/lpdStop LP/etc/init.d/lpd stop/usr/lib/lp/lpshut/sbin/init.d/lpd stopStart LP/etc/init.d/lpd start/usr/lib/lp/lpsched/sbin/init.d/lpd startSubmit print jobsLprLplprLplprLP statisticsLpqLpstatLpstatRemove print jobsLprmCancellprmcancellprmAdd printer queuePrinttoollpadmin -p pqLprsetupRemove Printer Qlpadmin -x pqLprsetupMake default Prtlpadmin -d pqexport PRINTER=lpTCP/IP Linux( RedHat ) Solaris (SPARC)Tru64 Network IP configuration/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/etc/hostname.*/etc/inet/*/etc/defaultrouter/etc/rc.configHosts IP addresses/etc/hosts/etc/inet/hosts/etc/hostsName service switch/etc/nsswitch.conf/etc/nsswitch.conf/etc/svc.confNetwork parameterssysctl -a | grep netNdd /dev/tcp|ip ?Routing daemonroutedin.routedroutedNIC Configurationsifconfig -aifconfig aifconfig -aSecondary IP Addrmodprobe ip_aliasifconfig eth0:1 IPifconfig hme0:1 IP upifconfig ln0 aliasLogin prompt/etc/issueBANNER /etc/default/telnetd/etc/issueIncrease the # of pseudo-terminalscd /dev./MAKEDEV -v pty/etc/systemset pt_cnt = # SYSVset npty = # BSD/etc/iu.apptsl 0 # ldterm ttcompathaltboot rcd /dev./MAKEDEV PTY_1Maximum # of ptys256176 BSD3000 SYSV8192Remote ShellrshRshrshYP/NIS service binder/sbin/ypbind/usr/lib/netsvc/yp/ypbind/usr/sbin/ypbin主流服务器UNIX操作系统系统文件System Files AIX FreeBSD HP-UX NFS exported/etc/exports/etc/exports/etc/exportsNFS Client mounted directories/etc/xtab/etc/xtabMax File System128 GB128 GBMax File Size64 GB128 GBMax # File Descriptors64 K60 KSystem Files Linux (RedHat) Solaris Tru64 NFS exported/etc/exports/etc/dfs/dfstab/etc/dfs/sharetab/etc/exportsNFS Client mounted directories/var/lib/nfs/xtab/etc/rmtab/var/adm/mountdtabMax File System2 TB1 TB8000 TB vxfs128 GB = 4.016 TB advfsMax File Size2 GB512B block size8192 GB8KB block size1 TB2 GB =2.5.1128 GB = 4.016 TB advfsMax # File Descriptorssysctl fs.file-max64 K64 K主流服务器UNIX操作系统磁盘与逻辑卷命令DISK/LVM Commands AIX FreeBSD HP-UX Filesystem table/etc/filesystems/etc/fstab/etc/fstabFree disk blocksdf -kdf -kBdfDevice listinglsdev -C/sbin/ioscanDisk informationbootinfo -s hdisk#fdisk -v ad0diskinfo /dev/rdsk/c#t#d#Disk Labellspv -l hdisk#disklabel ad0pvdisplay -v /dev/dsk/C#t#d#LVM ConceptsPartitionsub disklogical extentsVolumeVolumelogical volumePlexVolume groupvolume groupJournal Filesystem typejfsVxfsDefault volume group/dev/rootvg/dev/vg00Display volume grouplsvg -l rootvgvgdisplay -v vg00Modify physical volumechpvPvchangePrepare physical diskmkdev -c disk -l hdisk#pvcreateList physical volumelspvvinum ldpvdisplayRemove disk from volume groupreducevgvgreduceMove logical volumes to another physical volumesmigratepvvinum move -f drive objectpvmoveCreate volume groupmkvgvgcreateRemove volume groupvgremoveVolume group availabilitychvgvaryonvgvaryoffvgvgchangeRestore volume groupvgcfgrestoreExports volume groupexportvgvgexportImports volume groupimportvgvgimportVolume group listinglsvgVgscan 是一样的么？Change logical volume characteristicschlvlvchangeList logical volumelslvvinum lvlvdisplayMake logical volumemklvlvcreateExtend logical volumeextendlvlvextendReduce logical volumeAIX reduce LVLvreduce 如何用？Remove logical volumermlvvinum rm vollvremovePrepare boot volumesbootlist -m normallvlnbootRemove boot volumeslvrmbootExtend File systemchfs -a size=#/mtextendfs /dev/vg00/lvol8fsadm -F vxfs -b LE*1024/mtReduce/Split mirrorsrmlvcopylvsplitMerge mirrorslvmergeCreate mirrorsmklv -c 2vinum mirror drivelvcreate -m 1Add mirrorsmklvcopy lv 2lvextend -m 1Create striped volumesmklv -u 3 -S 64Kvinum stripe drivelvcreate -i 3 -I 64System recovery tapemksysb -i /dev/rmt0/opt/ignite/bin/make_recoveryBackupsavevg -i rootvgvinum saveconfigfbackupRestorerestvgfrecover主流服务器UNIX操作系统磁盘与逻辑卷命令 续DISK/LVM Commands Linux (RedHat) Solaris (SPARC) Tru64 Filesystem table/etc/fstab/etc/vfstab/etc/fstabFree disk blocksdf -kdf kdf -kDevice listingcat /proc/devicesSysdefDisk informationcat /proc/scsi/scsi0/sda/modelformat -d c#t#d#formatcurrentformatinquiryfile /dev/rrz0cDisk Labelfdisk -lPrtvtocdisklabel -p rz0LVM Conceptslogical extentssub disksub disklogical volumeVolumeVolumePlexPlexvolume groupdisk groupdisk groupJournal Filesystem typeext2 居然是jfs的？VxfsAdvfs 居然是jfs的？Default volume group/dev/vx/dsk/rootdg 居然有 vg？/dev/vol/rootdg居然有 vg？Display volume groupvgdisplay -vvxprint -l -g rootdgvolprint -l -g rootdgModify physical volumepvchangePrepare physical diskpvcreatevxdiskaddvoldiskaddList physical volumepvdisplayvxprint -dlvolprint -dlRemove disk from volume groupvgreducevxdg rmdiskvoldg rmdiskMove logical volumes to another physical volumespvmovevxassist movevolassist moveCreate volume groupvgcreatevxdg initvoldg initRemove volume groupvgremoveVolume group availabilityvgchangeRestore volume groupvgcfgrestoreExports volume groupvgexportvxdg deportvoldg deportImports volume groupvgimportvxdg importvoldg importVolume group listingvgscanChange logical volume characteristicslvchangevxedit setvoledit setList logical volumelvdisplayvxprint -vlvolprint -vlMake logical volumelvcreatevxassist makevolassist makeExtend logical volumelvextendvxassist growtovolassist growtoReduce logical volumelvreducevxassist shrinktovolassist shrinktoRemove logical volumelvremovevxedit rmvoledit -g rootdg -rf rm vol1Prepare boot volumeslilovxbootsetupRemove boot volumesExtend File systemresize2fsvxvamkfs -MReduce/Split mirrorslvsplitMerge mirrorslvmergeCreate mirrorsvxassist mirrorvolassist make vol 100mb mirror=trueAdd mirrorsCreate striped volumeslvcreate -i 3 -I 64vxassist make vol 100mb layout=raid5volassist make vol 100mb layout=stripeSystem recovery tape/usr/sys/bin/btcreateBackuptar cvf /dev/rst0 /ufsdumpvdumpRestoretar xvf /dev/rst0这一列对不对？ufsrestorevrestore主流服务器UNIX操作系统安装与卸载Software AIX FreeBSDHP-UX Install Softwareinstallp -apkg_addswinstallUninstall softwareinstallp -upkg_deleteswremoveList installed softwarelslpp -L allpkg_info -aswlistVerify installed softwarelppchk -vswlist -l fileset -a stateList all fileslslpp -f filesetpkg_info -L packageswlist -l file filesetList installed patchesinstfix -iswlist -l patchwhat /stand/vmunixPackage ownerlslpp -w pathswlist -l file | grep pathSW Directory/usr/lpp/var/db/pkg/var/adm/sw/Software Linux (RedHat) Solaris (SPARC) Tru64 Install Softwarerpm -i packagepkgaddsetld -lUninstall softwarerpm -e packagepkgrmsetld -dList installed softwarerpm -qapkginfosetld -iVerify installed softwarerpm -V packagepkginfo -ipkginfo -psetld -vList all filesrpm -ql packagepkgchk -l packagesetld -i packageList installed patchespatchadd -pdupatch -track -type patchPackage ownerrpm -qf filepkgchk -l -p pathSW Directory/var/lib/rpm/var/sadm/var/adm/smlogs主流服务器UNIX操作系统技术支持信息Links AIX HP-UX Linux (RedHat) FAQAIX-FAQHP-UX FAQ 这个和我知道的一个？LINUX FAQOnline ManualAIX 4.3 BooksHP-UX 11.00 CollectionLinux Documentation ProjectTechnical SupportRS/6000 TechSupportIT Resource CenterRed Hat supportPhone Number1-800-CALL-AIX1-800-633-36001-888-REDHAT1Free SoftwareBullHP-UX PortsLinux Software MapCRHCELinks FreeBSD Solaris (SPARC) Tru64 FAQFreeBSD FAQSolaris 2 FAQTru64 FAQOnline ManualFreeBSD Hand BookSolaris 7 DocumentationTru64 DocumentsTechnical SupportSunSolveAlpha Systems SupportPhone Number1-800-USA-4SUNFree SoftwareFreeBSD Primary SiteSun FreewareTru64 Demos, Shareware & FreewareCASE Information主流服务器UNIX操作系统其它命令MISC AIX FreeBSD HP-UX Startup script/etc/rc/etc/rc/sbin/rcKernel/usr/lib/boot/unix_up/kernel/stand/vmunixKernel Parameterslsattr -E -l sys0sysctl -asysdef kmtune kmsystemReconfigure the kernelchdev -l sys0 -acd /sys/i386/confvi KERNELconfig KERNELcd ././compile/KERNELmake dependmakemake installcd /stand/build/usr/lbin/sysadm/system_prep -v -s systemvi systemmk_kernel -s systemcd /standmv system system.prevmv vmunix vmunix.prevmv dlkm dlkm.prevmv /stand/build/system systemkmupdate /stand/build/vmunix_testList modulesgenkexkldstatkmadmin sLoad modulekldloadkmadmin LUnload modulekldunloadkmadmin UInitialize systeminstall_assist/stand/sysinstallset_parms initialPhysical RAMbootinfo -rsysctl hw.physmemgrep -i Physical /var/adm/syslog/syslog.logKernel Bitsbootinfo -kgetconf KERNEL_BITSCrash utilityCrashcrashAdbTrace System CallsSyscallstrusstuscMachine modeluname -mbootinfo -muname -mmodeluname -mOS LevelOsleveluname -runame -rRun Levelwho rwho -rCore dump files/var/adm/ras/var/adm/crashBoot single userKey on service mode/F4Boot from CD/TapeSelect MaintenanceLimited function Shellok boot sbootInteract with IPL ? YISLhpux -iSMaintenance modeok boot asbootInteract with IPL ? YISLhpux -lmInterrupt Keycontrol-BReturn to consoleCoTimezone Management/etc/environment/etc/profile/etc/localtime/etc/TIMEZONENTP Daemon如何用它？/etc/ntp.confstartsrc -s xntpd/etc/rc.conf xntpd enable=YES/etc/work/etc/rc.config.d/netdaemons/sbin/init.d/xntpd主流服务器UNIX操作系统其它命令 续MISC Linux (RedHat) Solaris (SPARC) Tru64 Startup script/etc/rc.d/rc/sbin/init.d/sbin/init.dKernel/boot/vmlinuz/kernel/genunix/vmunixKernel Parameterssysctl -asysdef Isysconfig dxkerneltunerReconfigure the kernelcd /usr/src/linuxmake mrpropermake menuconfigmake dep;clean;bzImage;installmake modulesmake modules_install cp arch/i386/boot/bzImage /boot/vmlinuzmkinitrd /boot/initrd-2.4.img 2.4vi /etc/lilo.conflilovi /etc/systemrebootdoconfigList moduleslsmodmodinfoLoad moduleinsmodmodloadUnload modulermmodmodunloadInitialize systemnetconfsys-unconfignetsetupPhysical RAMfreeprtconfuerf | grep memoryKernel Bitsgetconf WORD_BITisainfo -kv64Crash utilitylcrashcrashkdbxTrace System CallsstracetrusstraceMachine modeluname -muname -impuname -pOS Leveluname -runame -rsizer -vRun Levelrunlevelwho -rwho -rCore dump files/var/crash/uname -nBoot single userlilocontrol-xlinux Sgrubckernelvmlinuz-2.4.9-13single roroot=/dev/hda8in