英语单词拼读规则表.doc

英语语音知识1. 元音：单元音（12）：/ i: / i / e / / a: / / : / u / u: / / / : / 双元音（8）：/ ei / ai / i / i / u / u / au /2. 辅音：（24）按声带震动与否为：清音：/ p / t / k / f / s / / h / / t / tr / ts /浊音：/ b / d / g / v / z / m / n / / / /dr / dz / r / w / j / l /3. 音节：一个元音，或一个元音和一个或几个辅音音素结合称为音节。m, n, l, N和辅音音素结合，也可以构成一个音节。 有几个元音就有几个音节。开音节：绝对开音节：辅音字母 + 元音字母相对开音节：元音字母 + 辅音字母（除r）+ e （不发音）在重读开音节中，元音字母都读作字母的发音。 闭音节：元音字母 + 辅音字母（除r）在重读闭音节中，元音字母a读作/A /， e 读作/ e /，I (y)读作/ I /，o读作/ R /，u读作/ u / 或 / Q /.（重读闭音节三要素：1. 必须是重读音节； 2. 最后只有一个辅音字母；3. 元音字母发短元音。）音节的划分 在两个音节的相邻处有两个辅音时，一个辅音属于前面的音节，一个属于后面的音节。例如：let-ter mem-ber chil-dren daugh-ter在两个音节的相邻处只有一个辅音时，如果前面音节里的元音是长音则辅音属于后面一个音节，如果前面一个音节里的元音是短音，则辅字组属于前面一个音节。例如：长音 pa-per stu-dent fa-ther ze-ro mo-tor far-ther短音 sev-en stud-y moth-er ver-y mod-le weath-er字母组合不能分开，必须划在一个音节内，如：ch, th, sh, ph, tr, dr4单词重音：在多音节或双音节词中，有一个读得特别响亮的音节，叫做重读音节。除了一些复合词外，一般说来，每个单词只有一个重读音节，重读音节用重音符号来表示。单音节词不标重音符号，但必须重读。双音节词重读规则 双音节词的第一个音节通常是重读音节。例如：stu-dent Chi-na sec-ond au-tumn in-deed 含有a- be- de- re- in- ex- 等前缀的双音节词往往是在第二个音节上重读。双音节词的重读位置不会因增加前缀或后缀而发生改变。例如：about before excuse repair for-get-ful in-ven-tor多音节词重读规则 多音节词通常在倒数第三个音节重读。例如：el-e-phant con-grat-u-la-tion词尾有-ic 或-tion,-sion 的词，在-ic或-sion,-tion前的一个音节上重读。例如：scientific impression nation 英语的基本拼读规则总规则：1. 元音字母在重读开音节中一般读“字母”音；在闭音节中读“短”音 2元音字组在非重读音节中读音或i但：yellow sparrow tomorrow everydayei handbagblackboard: 1元音字母a及其字母组合的读音 元音字母和字母组合读 音说 明例 词例 外aei在重读开音节中grade，face，table，namehave operate liberate hibernateei hesitate celebtate在重读闭音节中map，practice，that，plan，hand w+awatch, what，wash，walletwater : a-n, ss sp sk st th fanswer, grant, class, grasp, basket，fast，bath，aftersand, stand land band e: many anyai，ayei在重读音节中straight，afraid，paint，rain i在非重读音节中Monday，mountain，holiday，captainweekday ei birthday eiair在重读音节中repair，chair，hair，stair al:l:在n./ v. 中在副词中a-f/mchalk，call，small，walk talkalso, always, already,half; calmsalt:l ar:在重读音节中w/wh-arparty，artist，farm，cardWar, warm,toward, quarter various are在重读音节中glare，care，stare，dare au/ augh:August，autumn cause caughtaunt, laugh : Australiaaw:draw，law，saw 2元音字母e及其字母组合的读音元音字母和字母组合读 音说 明例 词例 外ei:在重读开音节中complete，even，these， e在重读闭音节中better，enter，freshpretty i eaebreath，head，ready，dead i:breathe，season，least，deal，mean meante dreamtireally，real，theatre, ideareality ocean eigreat，break eei:greet，deep，keep，meet eii:/ei/s/-eireceive，seize, ceilingeight heighthait eitherer:在重读音节中verb，her，term，serveclerk:earidear， clear，near，hear heard :search，learn，earth，earnheart :bear, wear, peareeripioneer，deer engineer ewju:few, newul, r, j-ewblew, threw, grew, Jew sew ou-edt前面是清辅音（t除外）jumped，talked，worked，helped d前面是浊辅音（d除外）或元音loved，answered， closed， stayed id前面是t或dneeded，shouted，skated 3元音字母i及其字母组合的读音元音字母和字母组合读 音说 明例 词例 外i（y）ai在重读开音节中Friday，fine，drivegive, live, lively, satellitei在重读闭音节中strict，think，artistwildwaild wind, climb, sign (signal ), designi:machine, policeieai在重读词尾lie，tie，die，pie i:believe，piece，fieldfriende quiet ai,society,experienceir:girl，bird，first，birth ighaifight，right，tight，night ildaildwild，child，mild ireaiadmire，hire，fire, entire indaindbehind，find，kindwind windingising, ring4元音字母o及其字母组合的读音元音字母和字母组合读 音说 明例 词例 外oou在重读开音节中在某些词的词尾spoke，pole，noteenvelope，piano， photo，radioimproveim5pru:v, , love gonewhosehu:z, loselu:z, tombtu:m, provepru:v在重读闭音节中monument，along，shop，cloth -m,n,v,thworry，another，son，monkey donkey, nonsense uwoman，wolf，into oaoucoat，boat，road，coalbroad:oi，oyinoise，enjoy，choice，boy oou:-l,m,n结尾浊辅音-oo-清辅音/ 清-oo-浊school，soon，fool，food, roof, boot wooluoo-k清-oo清 / 浊-oo浊book，look，good，foot, good, wood shootu: troop比较：loose / loseflood，blood or:在重读音节中worn，horse :w-orworld，work，worse ouaumouse，ground，south ousoul， shoulder, thoughushould, could, would u:youth，group，wound trouble，touch，country,enoughcoughowaudown，town，how，allowknowledgeousnow，grow，window ough:bought， thought，oughtploughplau through u:ourau在重读音节中flour，hour，ourtourtu:在重读音节中four，pour，coursejourney:5元音字母u及其字母组合的读音 元音字母和字母组合读 音说 明例 词例 外uju:在重读开音节中student，use，pupil，hugesugar u 在重读闭音节中but，cut，up，hurrytruth u: busy i 在某些非重读音节中autumn，difficult，successinstituteju:, communism ur:hurt，nurse，turn，burnhurryurejupure, cure, sure u 6辅音字母的读音 辅音字母和字母组合读 音说 明例 词例 外bbbike bus bag/bomb tombckcake picture coat musics c-e/i/yface decide cinemachmuch chick rich teacherkschool headache chemistrymachine Chicago-ckkcock pocket black knockdddoctor bread hand day-dgebridge fridgedr-drchildren driver drinkfffive four breakfastg bag gardon go-eorange large Germanfcough enoughgh/light daughter highgu- -gue 在词首/词尾guess league dialoguew在词中language hhhot head house hand/hour honestjjeep jar joke join Julykkkind bike skate make weekkn-nknife know knocklllife milk school tallmmmonkey come autumn-mnmautumn column solemnnnnot shine ten noten-k/ guncle thank hungry-ngmorning young wrongpppaper plane pig ship penphfelephant photo telephoneqkIraqqu-kwquality quiterrred rubber rulers （词中）s在词首或清辅音前sit sleep deskpurpose house(s) promise insist basin personz元音字母间或浊辅音前music husbandS（词尾）s清辅音之后Stops, books z浊辅音/元音之后Zoos, questionsiz , s, -esBoxes, watcheszth-sbaths mouths youthsmathss months lengths clothesz clothing isc-skScaresmuscle scienceshshe fish shirt washsionn 辅音-sionImpression, comprehensionn元音字母-sionvision decision occasiontionnNation, revolutionn s-tionQuestion, suggestiontt ten letter meettchwatchth实词中 thin thirty methodsmooth在虚词中/ - the these with mother thistr-trtree train country truckvvvery voice love leavewwweek win wake sweet wait/answer twowh-wwhat when white whyhwh- o who whose wholexksbox text exercisegzexamle exist exactwr-rwritey-jyes yard yellow youngzzpuzzle zero zoo单词辨音练习1. honest A. hope B. holiday C. hello D. hotel2. important A. information B. neighbour C. perform D. forbid3. father A. faster B. famous C. fall D. factory4. admit A. bicycle B. active C. beside D. knife5. endeavour A. journey B. course C. court D. honour6. headache A. cheat B. machine C. school D. cheery7. southern A. thirteen B. south C. fourth D. neither8. whole A. wheat B. while C. whose D. white9. exactly A. exercise B. except C. expect D. examination10. heavy A. break B. bread C. deal D. cheap11. traveler A. service B. performance C. certain D. servant12. around A. moustache B. announce C. group D. young13. fresh A. electric B. escape C. equality D. entire14. certainly A. rely B. really C. terrify D. try15. condition A. suggestion B. question C. conclusion D. congratulation16. climb A. beauty B. comb C. border D. behind17. remain A. Britain B. certain C. explain D. captain18. removed A. suffered B. laughed C. advanced D. shocked19. dollars A. roofs B. pillows C. groups D. ports20. laughter A. enough B. thought C. plough D. through21. courage A. ground B. double C. loud D. mouth22. brown A. low B. town C. know D. knowledge23. student A. busy B. ruler C. July D. music24. waist A. portrait B. captain C. Britain D. plain25. strength A. bathe B. though C. breathe D. mouth26. term A. understand B. whisper C. water D. certainly27. bear A. near B. search C. early D. pear28. ocean A. concert B. century C. official D. coast29. sew A. result B. saw C. sure D. sugar30. salt A. chalk B. calm C. almost D. half31. language A. dance B. trunk C. many D. money32. compare A. scare B. inspire C. admire D. enquire33. advanced A. entrance B. salute C. fortunate D. task34. lock A. prove B. London C. longer D. lonely35. Canada A. majority B. balance C. advanced D. dangerous36. fever A. president B. electric C. fresh D. frequently37. cousin A. thirsty B. resist C. anxious D. universe38. worm A. lord B. storm C. worry D. worthy39. trousers A. dozens B. requests C. desks D. lakes40. praise A. fairy B. remain C. said D. prairie41. April A. parent B. basin C. grasp D. wallet42. excuse A. use B. truth C. truck D. jump43. possible A. electric B. expensive C. technique D. electricity44. foreign A. ceiling B. volleyball C. weight D. receive45. academy A. recite B. recognize C. fresh D. cruelty46. whose A. town B. whom C. wonder D. woman47. tower A. tomorrow B. throw C. slowly D. how48. pleasant A. pleased B. pleasure C. peaceful D. break49. nation A. nature B. natural C. national D. candle50. repeat A. already B. bread C. defeat D. great51. month A. government B. common C. along D. monument52. absorb A. worm B. favor C. north D. emperor53. fought A. brought B. rough C. country D. trouble54. pause A. restaurant B. aunt C. mauve D. automobile55. watched A. realized B. practised C. whispered D. pleased56. revision A. possession B. expression C. television D. permission57. object A. mother B. ocean C. observe D. obvious58. telegraphA. grammarB. breakfastC. broadcastD. manage59. duty A. educationB. rulerC. blueD. jump60. silence A. practiseB. silkC. decideD. astonish61. patient A. friendB. achieveC. fieldD. ancient62. Thursday A. surroundB. nurseC. surpriseD. pursuit63. hour A. journeyB. courtC. tourD. ourselves64. chocolate A. machineB. cheekC. characterD. stomach65. strength A. northernB. worthyC. theoryD. thus66. passenger A. vegetableB. guessC. figureD. together 67. throughout A. naughtyB. coughC. enoughD. laugh68. question A. resolutionB. revisionC. suggestionD. possession69. material A. grammarB. grandsonC. basketD. majority70. cautious A. curious B. ambitious C. obviously D. various71. moustache A. machine B. church C. match D. chalk72. many A. anything B. library C. canal D. important73. comparison A. quality B. quantity C. quarrel D. national74. childhood A. cool B. food C. wood D. fool75. woman A. wolf B. lose C. improve D. tomb76. politics A. tongue B. provinc