2011年职称英语阅读理解(仅保留答案选项版).doc

2011年职称英语等级考试用书（理工类）第四部 阅读理解第一篇 Ford Abandons Electric Vehicles第二篇 World Crude Oil Production May Peak a Decade Earlier Than Some Predict第三篇 Citizen Scientists第四篇 Motoring Technology第五篇 Late-Night Drinking第六篇 Weaving with Light第七篇 Sugar Power for Cell Phones第八篇 Eiffel Is an Eyeful第九篇 Egypt Felled by Famine第十篇 Young Female Chimps Outlearn Their Brothers第十一篇 The Net Cost of Making a Name for Yourself第十二篇 Florida Hit by Cold Air Mass第十三篇 Invisibility Ring第十四篇 Japanese Car Keeps Watch for Drunk Drivers第十五篇 Winged Robot Learns to Fly第十六篇 Japanese Drilling into Core of Earth第十七篇 A Sunshade for the Planet第十八篇 Thirst for Oil第十九篇 Prolonging Human Life第二十篇 Explorer of the Extreme Deep第二十一篇 Plant Gas第二十二篇 Snowflakes第二十三篇 Powering a City? Its a Breeze.第二十四篇 Underground Coal Fires - a Looming Catastrophe第二十五篇 Eat to Live第二十六篇 Male and Female Pilots Cause Accidents Differently第二十七篇 Driven to Distraction第二十八篇 Sleep Lets Brain File Memories第二十九篇 Food Fright第三十篇 Digital Realm*第三十一篇 Hurricane Katrina*第三十二篇 Mind-reading Machine*第三十三篇 Experts Call for Local and Regional Control of Sites for Radioactive*第三十四篇Batteries Built by Viruses*第三十五篇 Putting Plants to work*第三十六篇 Listening Device Provides Landslide Early Warning*第三十七篇 Dont Drink Alone Gets New Meaning*第三十八篇 Longer Lives for Wild Elephants*第三十九篇 Clone Farm*第四十篇 Air Pollution Cloud Measured on Both Sides of Pacific第四部分阅读理解阅读下面的短文。每篇短文的后面有 5个问题，每个问题有 4个备选答案。请根据短文的内容选择正确的答案。第一篇 Ford Abandons Electric Vehicles The Ford motor companys1 abandonment of electric cars effectively signals the end of the road for the technology, analysts say. 练习: 1. What have the Ford motor company, General Motors and Honda done concerning electric cars? -C They have given up producing electric cars. 2. According to Tim Holmes of Ford Europe, battery-powered cars -B will not be the main transportation vehicles in the future. 3. Which auto manufacturers are still producing electric vehicles? -A Toyota and Nissan. 4. According to the eighth paragraph, hybrid cars -C run more miles than petrol driven cars. 5. Which of the following is true about the hope of car manufacturers according to the last paragraph? -C The legislation will encourage car makers to produce more electric cars. 第二篇 World Crude Oil Production May Peak a Decade Earlier Than Some PredictIn a finding that may speed efforts to conserve oil, scientists in Kuwait predict that world conventional crude oil production will peak in 2014. 练习：1Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word sparked appearing in paragraph 2?-Bstimulated 2The term a bell shaped curve appearing in paragraph 2 indicates that global oil production will-Dstart to decline after global oil production peaks3Which of the following is NOT true of the Hubbert model?-DIt provides a very realistic and accurate oil production4What is the major achievement of the new study mentioned in the last paragraph?-AIt predicts global oil production will peak in 20145Who develop the new version of the Hubbert model?-BKuwaiti scientists第三篇 Citizen Scientists (C级) Understanding how nature responds to climate change will require monitoring key life cycle event flowering, the appearance of leaves, the first frog calls of the spring all around the world. But ecologists cant be everywhere so theyre turning to non-scientists, sometimes called citizen scientists, for help. 练习： 1. Ecologists turn to non-scientist citizens for help because they need them -C) to collect data of the life cycle of living things. 2. What are citizen scientists asked to do? -B) To send their research observations to a professional database. 3. In “All thats needed to become one (paragraph2)”, what does the word “one” stands for? -B) a citizen scientist. 4. What is NOT true of Project BudBurst? -A) Only experts can participate in it. 5. What is the final purpose of Project BudBurst? -D) To investigate how plants and animals will respond as the climate changes.第四篇 Motoring Technology 1.2 million road deaths worldwide occur each year, plus a further 50 million injuries. To reduce car crash rate, much research now is focused on safety and new fuels. though some electric vehicle and biofuel1 research aims at going faster. 练习: 1. What are researchers interested in doing as the road accidents worldwide increase to a shocking rate? -C They focus their research on safety and new fuels. 2. According to the second paragraph, most road accidents happen-B because drivers make mistakes. 3. Which of the safety developments is NOT mentioned in the passage?-D Windscreens that can help drivers to improve their vision. 4. What is NOT the purpose of innovations that use satellite tracking and remote communications? -C To call for help when the car gets jammed in the traffic. 5. What is true of robotic drivers?- A It will take some time before robotic drivers can be put to practical use. 第五篇 Late-Night Drinking Coffee lovers beware. Having a quick “pick-me-up” cup of coffee1 late in the day will play havoc with2 your sleep. As well as being a stimulant, caffeine interrupts the flow of melatonin, the brain hormone that sends people into a sleep. 练习: 1. The author mentions “pick-me-up” to indicate that-C ) coffee is a stimulant. 2. Which of the following tells us how caffeine affects sleep? -C) Caffeine halves the bodys levels of sleep hormone. 3. What does paragraph 3 mainly discuss?-A) Different effects of caffeinated coffee and decaf on sleep. 4. What does the experiment mentioned in paragraph 4 prove? -D) Caffeine drinkers produce less sleep hormone. 5. The author of this passage probably agrees that - B we should not drink coffee after supper. 第六篇 Waving With LightIn the Sierra Madre mountain range of west central Mexico1, the native Huichol people2 live much the way their ancestors did-without electricity. 练习：1To make a living, the Huichol create artwork and-Bsell it in cities far away from their villages2Why can Portable Lights emit light?- DAll of the above3What does Sheila Kennedy say about Portable Lights?-CPortable Lights can help poor people around the world to get light4What is the most important part of the Portable Light technology?- AHB LEDs5LEDs are different from light bulbs in that-CLEDs emit colored light while most light bulbs dont第七篇 Sugar Power for Cell Phones Using enzymes commonly found in living cells, a new type of fuel cell produces small amounts of electricity from sugar. If the technology is able to succeed in mass production, you may some day share your sweet drinks with your cell phone. 练习：1. According to the first paragraph, when can we share our sweet drinks with our cell phones? -C When the technology of a newtype of fuel cell is suitable for mass production. 2. What trouble did Minteer and Klotzbach have in their research?-A They had trouble keeping enzymes in fuel cells active. 3. According to Paragraph 5, electrons are released - C when the enzyme oxidizes the glucose from a sugary liquid that goes through a pocket. 4. What is exciting about the new fuel cells? -B Their limited power generation capacity is a good beginning. 5. According to the last paragraph, what is NOT true of the new fuel cells? -D It will take some time before the new fuel cells can be used in popular products.第八篇 Eiffel Is an Eyeful1 Some2 300 meters up, near the Eiffel Towers wind-whipped summit the world comes to scribble3. Japanese, Brazilians, Americans they graffiti4 their names, loves and politics on the cold iron transforming the most French of monuments into symbol of a world on the move5. 练习: 1. Why does the author think the Eiffel Tower is transformed into symbol of a world on the move? -B Tourists of all nationalities come to scribble on the cold iron of the tower. 2. What seems strange to the author?- A Visitors prefer wasting time scribbling to enjoying the view. 3. Which statement is NOT true of Hugues Richard? - C He climbed 747 steps up the tower in 19 minutes and 4 seconds. 4. What did the builder use the Eiffel Tower for? -B Conducting research in various fields. 5. Which of the following is nearest in meaning to “(The Eiffel Tower is like) a blank canvas for visitors to make of it what they will”? -C Visitors can imagine freely what the tower represents. 第九篇 Egypt Felled by Famine Even ancient Egypts mighty pyramid builders were powerless in the face of the famine that helped bring down their civilisation around 2180BC. Now evidence gleaned from mud deposited by the River Nile1 suggests that a shift in climate thousands of kilometres to the south was ultimately to blame and the same or worse could happen today. 练习: 1. Why does the author mention “pyramid builders”?- D Because even they were unable to rescue their civilisation. 2. Which of the following factor was ultimately responsible for the fall of the civilisation of ancient Egypt? A Change of climate. 3. Which of the following statements is true? - D The White Nile and the Blue Nile are branches of the River Nile. 4. According to Krom, Egypts Old Kingdom fell. -A immediately after Cl p .riod of drought. 5. The word “devastating” in the last paragraph could be best replaced by - B “damaging”. 第十篇 Young Female Chimps Outlearn Their Brothers Young female chimps are faster and better learners than young male chimps, suggests a new study1, echoing learning differences seen in human girls and boys2. 练习: 1. Why do young female chimps learn faster than young male chimps at fishing for termites? -B Because young female chimps begin to study their mothers earlier. 2. What are the tools with which chimps fish for termites? -B Vegetation. 3. Which of the Following is true about chimps fishing for termites according to paragraph 6? -C Females could get out more termites with every dip. 4. How did the researchers explain the fact that boy chimps spent more time on playing? -D It will make them good fighters and hunters in the future. 5. According to the last paragrnph, which of the following is NOT true? -A Adult chimps hunt monkeys while young chimps fish for termites. 第十一篇 The Net Cost of Making a Name for Yourself Companies are paying up to $10,000 to register a domain name1 on the Internet even though there is no guarantee that they will get the name they want. 练习: 1. The domain name “. edu” is operated by - B the company Network Solutions. 2. The . firm, . shop, . web, . arts, . rec, . info and . nom domains are NOT run by -B the US government. 3. Global Names of Singapore is -B a registrar. 4. How can a company successfully register a name with the Internet? -A It must pay up to $10,000 or a nonrefundable deposit. 5. What is the meaning of the phrase “net cost” in the title? -B The registration fee for a domain name on the Internet. 第十二篇 Florida Hit by Cold Air Mass In January, 2003, the eastern two-thirds of the United States was at the mercy of1 a bitterly cold air mass2 that has endangered Floridas citrus trees, choked3 northern harbors with ice and left bewildered residents of North Carolinas Outer Banks digging out of up to a foot of snow4. 练习: 1. Which of the following statements is not meant in the first two paragraphs? -B The temperature in the United States except the South dropped below the freezing mark. 2. According to the second paragraph, in which area(s) did the temperature fall below zero?-B Parts of interior South Florida. 3. Kings statement that “We brought shorts, T-shirt, and I had to go out and buy another coat.” shows thut -A he was caught by the sudden cold. 4. Governor Jeb issue the emergency order because he -C wanted to encourage trucks to transport as much fruit to market as possible. 5. Which statement is NOT true according to the last paragraph? -D Florida Citrus Mutual sprayed trees with sprinklers for citrus growers.第十三篇 Invisibility Ring Scientists cant yet make an invisibility cloak1 like the one that Harry Potter2 uses. But, for the first time, theyve constructed a simple cloaking device that makes itself and something placed inside it invisible to microwaves. 练习: 1. Harry Potter is mentioned in the passage，because scientists-C try to invent a device similar in idea to the invisible cloak he uses. 2. What is true of microwaves? -B Their wavelengths arc longer than those of visible light. 3. What is NOT true of the invisibility device? -B Microwaves bounce off it when they strike it. 4. What does the word “coaster” mean in the passage?-A A disk or plate placed under a drinking glass to protect a table top. 5. Harry Potters invisibility cloak doesnt have any real competition yet, because-C the cloaking device works only for microwaves. 第十四篇 Japanese Car Keeps Watch for Drunk Drivers A concept car developed by Japanese company Nissan1 has a breathalyzer-like detection system and other instruments that could help keep drunk or over-tired drivers off the road. 练习: 1. Which of the following statements is NOT true of the Japanese concept car? -C It has sensors locked up in the ignition system. 2. What has Volvo developed? -B A breathalyzer attached to a cars seat belt. 3. What is the function of the camera mentioned in Paragraph 4？-A It monitors the drivers eyes to sec if he needs a rest. 4. According to Doi, - D Nissan aims to improve the detection technology to reduce the fatality rate. 5. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in Paragraph 6? - B The car will automatically keep to its lane. 第十五篇 Winged Robot Learns to Fly Learning how to fly took nature millions of years of trial and error1 but a winged robot has cracked2 it in only a few hours, using the same evolutionary principles. 练习: 1. Which of the following is NOT true of what is mentioned about the winged robot in the second paragraph? -C The two professors of CUT programmed the data on how the robot flapped its wings.2. How did the robot behave at the beginning of the test? -B It twitched but gradually gained height. 3. Which of the following is nearest to Peter Bentleys view on the winged robot? -A The winged robot could never really fly. 4. What measured how much lift the robot produced? -B A movement detector. 5. What does “the process” appearing in the last paragraph refer to? -D All the above.第十六篇 Japanese Drilling into Core of Earth In what resembles a journey to the center of the Earth, Japanese scientists have launched the worlds first attempt to bore a hole into the red-hot core of a volcano and unlock the secrets of deadly eruption. 练习: 1. According to the passage, Mount Unzen -B erupted in 1991. 2. According to the passage, the study of the Mount Unzen volcano may benefit Japan in all the following aspects EXCEPT -D predicting volcano eruptions. 3.Why is this research project so important to Japan? -A. Because Japan has many living volcanos. 4. The drilling site on Mount Unzen is -C about half way up the mountain. 5. The title of this passage Japanese Drilling into Core of Earth actually means that they -A drill a hole into the core of a volcano.第十七篇 A Sunshade for the Planet Even with the best will1 in the world, reducing our carbon emissions is not going prevent global warming. 练习: 1. According to the first two paragraphs，the author thinks that -C despite the difficulty, scientists have some options to prevent global warming. 2. Scientists resist talking about their options because they dont want people to-C think the problem has been solved. 3. What does Stephen Schneider say about a heroin addict and methadone? -A Methadone is an effective way to treat a hard heroin addict. 4. What is Stephen Schneiders idea of preventing global warming? -C To apply sunscreen to the Earth. 5. What is NOT true of the effectiveness of “sunscreen”, according to the last paragraph? -D It decreases greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. 第十八篇 Thirst for Oil Worldwide every day, we devour the energy equivalent of about 200 million barrels of oil. 练习: 1. “ we will need to cure our addiction to oil.”Why does the author say so? - D Oil supply is decreasing. 2. Which of the following statements is NOT meant by the author, according to the second paragraph? -C Coal is the most environmentally unfriendly fuel next to oil. 3. Which country is the biggest consumer of petroleum? -A The United States. 4. What do experts say about the earths fuel reserves? -B There will soon be an energy crisis. 5. What is NOT the result of consuming fossil fuels according to the last paragraph? -D The sea level will go up. 第十九篇 Prolonging Human Life Prolonging human life has increased the size of the human population.1 练习: 1. The writer believes that the population explosion results from -C a decrease in death rates. 2. It can be inferred from the passage that in hunting and gathering cultures -B infants could be left dead in times of starvation. 3. According to the passage, which of the following statements about retired people in the United States is true? -A Many of them have a very hard life. 4. In Paragraph 3, the phrase “this need” refers to -D the need to take care of a sick and weak person. 5. Which of the following best describes the writers attitude toward most of the nursing homes, and convalescent hospitals? -D Critical. 第二十篇 Explorer of the Extreme Deep Oceans cover more than two-thirds of our planet. Ye