营销管理概念中英文对照表.doc

营销管理概念之中英文对照 AAccelerated test marketing 加速试销Acceleration principle 加速原则Accuracy 准确性Activity-based cost accounting: ABC 作业成本会计Activitybased cost：ABC 活动基础成本Adequate marketing information 充分的营销信息Administered VMS 管理式分销系统Advanced pricing agreement 事前定价协议Advertising 广告Advertising goal 广告目标Advocate channels 提倡者渠道Advocates clients 主动性客户Affinity 亲密关系Agent middlemen 代理中间商Aggressive demarketing response 大胆地减营销反应Allocating skills 分配技能Allowances 折让Annual call schedule 年度访问计划日程表Annual plan control 年度计划控制Annual planning stage 年度计划工作阶段Antimerger Act 反合并法Area market potential 地区市场潜力Area market specialists 地区市场专家Arranged interviews 安排访问Aspirational groups 崇拜性群体Asset turnover 资金周转率 Assortment strategies 品种搭配战略At-home shopping channels 家庭购物频道Atmospheres 环境气氛Atmospheres atmospherics 环境气氛 ？Attention,interest,desire,action AIDA模式Attitudes 态度Attribution 归因Augmented product 附加产品Automatic vending 自动售货Available market 有效市场BBackward channel 后向渠道Backward flow 反向流程Backward integration 后向一体化Balanced orientation 平衡导向Bargain buyers 竞价购买者Bargaining 讨价还价Barter transaction 易货贸易Basic product 基础产品Basing-point pricing 基点定价Behavioral segmentation 行为细分Belief 信念Benefit segmentation 利益的细分化Best alternative to negotiation agreement: BATNA 谈判协议之最佳备选方案Bill of lading 提单Blanket contracts 长期订货合同 Bonuses 红利Boston Consulting Group (BCG) 波士顿矩阵Bottom-up planning 自下而上计划工作 Brainstorming 头脑风暴法Branchising 品牌专营Brand 品牌Brand acceptability 品牌接受度Brand awareness 品牌知晓度Brand beliefs 品牌信念Brand equity 品牌权益Brand familiarity 品牌熟悉Brand image 品牌形象Brand ladder 品牌阶梯Brand loyalty 品牌忠诚度Brand parity 品牌类型Brand preference 品牌偏好度Brandtchers 品牌转换者Brand-extension decision 品牌扩展决策Brand-form market 品牌试样市场Brand-form market 品牌试样市场Brank-even analysis 保本分析 Breakeven chart 保本图Bridge 桥梁者Brokers 经纪人Budget-to-sales ratio 预算对销售额比率Build 发展Bulletin board system : BBS 公告牌系统Business domain 业务范围Business services 业务服务Business strength 业务优势Buyclasses 购买等级Buyer market 卖方市场Buyer turnover 顾客周转率Buyer-readiness stage 购买者待购阶段Buyflow 购买流程 Buyflow map 购买流程图Buying behavior 购买行为Buying decision process 购买决策过程Buying roles 参入购买的角色Buying styles 采购方式Buyphases 采购阶段 Bypass attack 绕道进攻By-product pricing 副产品定价CCall reports 访问报告Canned approach 固定法Capital items 资本项目Captive-product pricing 专属产品定价 Cardinal utility 主要效用Cash cow 金牛类Cash discounts 现金折扣Catalog show rooms 样品目录陈列室Category development index 品种发展指数Category management 类目管理Causal-analysis diagram 因素分析图Census tracts 普查区域Central business districts 商业中心区Centralized purchasing 集中采购Chain ratio method 连比法 Chains stores 连锁商店Channel captain 渠道领袖Channel competition 渠道竞争Channel conflict 渠道冲突Channel cooperation 渠道合作Channel lever 渠道级数Channels of distribution 分配渠道Cheaper goods strategy 廉价商品战略Child Protection Act 儿童保障法案Choosing the value 选择价值 City version 都市版本Classical conditioning theory 传统的条件作用理论Cleanliness 清 洁Clients 客户Cliques 派系Clod calls 冷漠访问Closed-end questions 封闭式问题Closing the sale 达成交易Cluster analysis 集群分析Clustered preferences 集群偏好Co-branding 合作品牌Coercive power 强制力量Cold calls 冷漠访问Combination stores 联合商店Commerce control list 商品控制目录Commerce country chart 贸易国别表Commercial invoice 商业发票Commercialization 商业化Commission agent 佣金代理人Common market 共同市场Communicate the value 传播价值Communication 沟通Communication adaptation 沟通传播适应Communication-effect research 沟通效果调研Company demand 公司需求Company marketing opportunity 公司营销机会Company performance 公司绩效Company potential 公司潜量Company sales forecast 公司销售预测Company sales forecast 公司销售预测Company sales potential 公司销售潜量Comparison advertising 比较广告Compensation deals 补偿贸易Competitive cycle 竞争周期Competitive differentiation 竞争差别化Competitive scopes 竞争范围Competitive strategies 竞争战略Complete industrialization 工业化Complex buying behavior 复杂的购买行为Complex sales-force structures 复杂的销售队伍结构Component co-branding 中间产品合作品牌Computer-aided design (CAD) 电脑辅助设计Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) 电脑辅助制造Concentrated marketing 集中营销Concentric diversification 同心多样化Concept development and testing 概念开发与测试Conclusion drawing 作出结论Conclusion drawing 结论阐述Conformance quality 一致性质量Conglomerate diversification 跨行业多样化Conjoint measurement 共变量衡量Consistency 黏度Consular invoice 领事发票Consumer behavior 消费者行为Consumer choice 消费者选择Consumer confidence measure 消费者信任衡量Consumer cooperatives 消费者合作社Consumer credit 消费者信用Consumer expenditure patterns 消费者支出模式Consumer information sources 消费者信息来源Consumer market 消费者市场Consumer promotion 针对消费者的促销Consumer satisfaction 消费者满意Consumer sentiment measure 消费者情绪衡量Consumer sovereignty 消费者主权Consumer testing 消费者测试Consumer-adoption process 消费者采购过程Consumer-goods classification 消费品分类Consumption system 整体消费系统Contact method 接触方法Containerization 集装箱Contingency plans 权变计划Continuity advertising 连续性广告Contract manufacturing 合同制造,契约式生产Contraction defense 收缩防御Contractual VMS 合同式分销系统Controlled test marketing 控制试销Convenience 便利Convenience food stores 方便食品店Convenience goods 方便品Coporate VMS 公司式分销系统Copy testing 文稿测试Core benefit 核心利益Core competence 核心能力Core concept of marketing 市场营销的核心慨念Core product 核心产品Corporate culture 公司文化Cost estimation 成本估计Cost reduction 成本降价Cost to the customer 顾客成本Cost-plus pricing 成本加成定价Counter purchase 反向购买Counter segmentation 反细分化Counter trade 对销贸易Counteroffensive defense 反攻式防御Creative marketing 创造营销Creativity research 创造性调研 Credence qualities 信任质量Credulous person standard 轻信人指标Critical path diagram 关键线路图Critical path scheduling (CPS) 关键线路排序Cross-functional teams 跨职能小组Cross-impact analysis 交叉影响分析法Cues 诱因Cultural empathy 文化转移Cultural environment 文化环境Cultural factors 文化因素Current marketing situation 当前营销状况Current profit maximization 当期利润最大化Custom union 关税同盟Customary merchantable quality 通行的畅销品质量Customer attributes (CAs) 顾客属性Customer consulting 客户咨询Customer database 顾客数据库Customer database marketing 顾客数据库营销Customer defection rate 消费者流失率Customer delivered value 顾客让渡价值Customer groups 顾客群Customer importance 顾客重要性Customer mailing list 顾客邮寄单Customer needs and wants 顾客需求和欲望Customer relationship management 客户关系管理Customer satisfying process 顾客满意过程Customer train 客户培训Customer-attitude tracking 消费者态度追踪Customers 顾客Customers union 关税Customer-service decision 顾客服务决策Customer-structured sales force 按顾客组织的销售队伍 DData-collection methods 数据收集方法Dealer sales contests 经销商销售竞赛Death rate 死亡率Decision models 决策模型Decision-tree diagram 决策树图解Decline-stage 衰退期Declining market share 下降中的市场份额Decoding 解码Delivery 送货Delphi method 德尔菲法Demand 需求Demand curve 需求曲线Demand management 需求管理Demand measurement 需求衡量Demand/hazard forecasting 需求/风险预测Demographic environment 人口统计环境Demographic markets 人口统计市场Demographic segmentation 人口统计细分化Demographic segmentation 人文统计细分Department stores 百货商店Descriptive models 描述性模型Design 设计Desired image 期望印象Differentiated marketing 差异化营销Differentiation 差异化Diffused preferences 扩散偏好Direct costs 直接成本Direct export 直接出口Direct investment 直接投资Direct mail 直接邮寄Direct marketing 直接营销Direct of -response advertising 直复广告Direct product profitability 直接商品盈利率Direct purchasing 直接采购Direct-marketing channel 直接营销渠道Direct-order marketing 直接订货营销Direct-relationship marketing 直接关系营销Discount stores 折价商店，廉价商店Discriminated analysis 差别分析Discriminatory pricing 差别定价Disjunctive model of consumer choice 消费者选择的重点模式Display 陈列Disqualified prospects customer 不合格预期顾客Dissociative groups 隔离群体Dissonance-reducing buying behavior 减少不协调购买行为Distribution channel 分销渠道Distribution programming 分销计划Distribution-innovation strategy 分销创新战略Distributors 分销商（批发商）Diversification growth 多样化成长Diversification growth opportunities 多样化增长机会Divest 放弃Dogs 狗类Do-house 入户访问Donor markets 捐赠者市场Door to door retailing 挨家挨户零售Drive 驱动力Dual adaptation 双重适应Dual branding 双品牌Dumping 倾销Dumping and countervailing duty 倾销与反倾销 Durable goods 耐用品 EEarly-adopter theory 早期采用理论Economic value to the customer：EVC 顾客经济价值Eco-label 生态标志Efficient consumer response 消费者良好反应Ego drive 自我驱向Elderly consumers 老年消费者Electric date interchange (EDI) 电子数据交换Electronic Request for Item Classification 商品分类的电子申请Embargo 禁运Emergency goods 救济品Emotional appeals 感性诉求Empathy 感同力Encirclement attack 包围进攻Encoding 编码 End users 最终用户Engineering attributes (EAs) 工程属性Environment threat 环境威胁Environmental change 环境变化Environmental forecasting 环境预测Environmental scanning 环境扫描Environmental threat 环境威胁Equity joint venture 股权式合资Esteem needs 尊重需要Evaluating effectiveness 评估效益Evaluation alternatives 可供选择方案的评估Evaluation procedure 评价程序Event creation 时间制造Events 事件Everyday fair pricing 每天公平定价Everyday low pricing：EDLP 天天低价Exchange 交换Exchange control 外汇控制Excise taxes 消费税Exclusive agent 独家代理人Exclusive dealing 排他性经营Exclusive distribution 专营Exclusive distribution 专营性分销Exclusive summary 经理摘要Exit barriers 退出障碍Expectancy-value model of consumer choice 消费者选择期望值模型Expected product 期望产品Expected service 预期服务Experience curve 经验曲线Experience or learning curve 经验或者学习曲线Experience qualities 经验质量Experimental design 实验设计Experimental research 实验法Expert channels 专家渠道Expert opinion 专家法Expert power 专家力量Export Administration Regulation 出口管理条例Export Control Classification Number 出口管制分类号Export declaration 出口申请表Export development 出口部Export License Application and Information Network 出口许可证申请和信息网Export management company 出口管理公司External environment 外部环境External marketing 外部营销FFactor analysis 因子分析Fair Credit Collecting Act 公正索债行为法案Fair Credit Reporting Act 公正信贷报告法案Fair Packaging and Labeling Act 公正包装和标签法案Family buying 家庭购买Family life cycle 家庭生命周期Fast-food industry 快餐行业Fear appeals 害怕性诉求Features 特点Fed 时尚Feedback 反馈Feedback-system diagram 反馈系统图Financial executives 财务主管Financial intermediaries 财务中介机构Financial leverage 财务杠杆率First-time customer 首次购买顾客First-time prospects 首次购买者Fishback 鱼背Five-Ms(5Ms): Mission 任务Fixed costs 固定成本Fixed price-and-incentive 固定价格与奖励Fixed-pricing 固定定价法Flank attack 侧翼进攻Flanking defense 侧翼防御Fluctuation demand 动摇不定的需求FOB origin pricing 原地运输工具上交货定价法Focus-group interviewing 集中小组面谈Focus-group research 焦点访谈座谈会Follow-up 续后工作Foreign Corporate Practices Act 反对外贿赂法Foreign-freight forwarder 代理公司 Forgetting rate 遗忘率Formulated approach 公式化方法Forums 论坛Forward flow 正向流程Forward integration 前向一体化Fragilemarketshare trap 脆弱的市场占有率陷阱Fragmented industry 裂化行业Franchise 特许经营Franchise organizations 特许经营组织Franchising 特许经营Free-trade area 自由贸易区Freight-absorption pricing 运费吸收定价Frequency 购买次数Frequency marketing programs (FMP) 频繁营销计划Frontal attack 正面进攻Full costing 总成本法Full coverage 全部覆盖Full-service retailing 全面服务零售Functional discounts 功能折扣Functional tests 功能测试Functional-relationship diagram 功能关系图GGame play 博弈计划Gatekeepers 守门人Gatekeepers 把关人General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 关税与贸易总协定General Agreement on Trade in Service (GATS) 服务贸易总协定Generation 代沟Generies 无品牌产品Geographic segmentation 地理细分Geographical organizations 地理区域性组织Geographical pricing 地理定价Geographical segmentation 地理细分化Geographical shifts in population 人口地理转移Geographical-expansion strategy 地理扩张战略Ghost shoppers 幽灵顾客Global marketing 全球营销Global organization 全球组织Global strategy 全球战略Glocal strategy 全球本地化战略Goal set 目标确定Goals-down-plans-up planning 目标下达、计划上报之计划工作Goingrate pricing 通行价格定价Going-rate pricing 随行就市定价法 Goods-producing process 商品生产过程Goodwill 商誉Government markets 政府市场Government regulations 政府规定Growth opportunities 成长机会Growth stage 成长阶段Growth-share matrix 成长份额矩阵Growth-shave matrix 成长份额矩阵Guarantees 保证Guerrilla attack 游击进攻HHabitual buying behavior 习惯的购买行为Harvest 收获Harvest/divest strategy 收获/放弃战略Heavy-user target marketing 大量使用者目标营销Heuristic programming 启发式规划Hierarchical objectives 层级目标Hierarchy-of-effects” model “影响的层级”模型 High-context culture 高语境文化Hold 维持Home-country middleman 母国中间商Homogeneous preferences 同质偏好Horizontal channel 水平渠道Horizontal diversification 水平式多样化Horizontal integration 水平式一体化Horizontal marketing system 水平营销系统Hypermarches 巨型超级市场 IIdea generation 构思产生Idea screening 构思筛选Idea-brand model of consumer choice 消费者选择的理想品牌模型Identity-building program 识别建立方案Image analysis 形象分析Image power 形象力Importanceperformance 重要绩效分析Improved-services strategy 改进服务战略Impulse goods 冲动品Income distribution 收入分配Income segmentation 收入细分化Indend agent 定购代理人Index method 指数法Indirect export 间接出口Indirect exporting 间接出口Industrial markets 工业品市场Industrial-goods classification 工业品分类Industrial-goods market testing 工业品市场试销Industry 行业Industry attractiveness 行业吸引力Industry forecast 行业预测Inelastic demand 无弹性需求Information search 信息收集Informative advertising 通知性广告In-house marketing seminars 公司内部营销调研会Innovation diffusion 创新扩散Inseparability 不可分离性Inside sales force 内勤销售人员Installation 安装Institutional loyalty 社会公用事业忠诚Institutional market 机构市场Intangibility 无形性Integrated direct marketing 整合直接营销Integrated management information system 一体化的管理信息系统Integrated marketing 整合营销Integrated marketing communication 整合营销沟通Integrated marketing organization 整合营销组织Integrative growth 一体化成长Integrative growth opportunities 一体化增长机会Intensive distribution 密集性分销Intensive growth 密集成长Intensive growth opportunities 密集型增长机会Interacting skills 影响能力Interactive marketing 交互营销Intercept interviews 拦截访问Interest rate 利率Intermodal services 分式联运Internal accounting system 内部会计系统Internal marketing 内部营销International divisions 国际事业部International product life cycle 国际产品生命周期International subsidiaries 国际子公司Investment portfolio 投资组合JJoint venture co-branding 合资合作品牌Joint ventures 合资企业Joint venturing 合营Just-in-time production methods 准时生产方法KKey account concentration 关键客户集中化Kiosk 顾客订货机Knowledge arbitrage 知识套利LLabeling 标签Lead time 前量时间 Lean production 精益生产Learning 学习Least-development countries (LLDCs) 最不发达国家Legitimate power 法律力量Length 长度Less-development countries (LDCs) 欠发达国家Lexicographic model of consumer choice 消费者选择的字典编纂式模型Liaison 联络者Licensing 许可证Life expectancy 预期寿命Life style 生活方式Lifetime value 寿命价值Life-way groups 生活法群体Limited-service retailing 有限服务零售Line filling 产品线填补Local marketing 本地化营销Logical resistance 逻辑抵触Logical-flow diagram 逻辑流程图Logistics management 后勤管理Long-range-planning stage 长期计划工作阶段Long-term contracts 长期合同Low-context culture 低语境文化Lowquality trap 低质量陷阱Loyalty status 忠诚地位Lubrication 打点MMail questionnaire 邮寄调查表Mail-order retailing 邮购零售Maintenance and repair 维修Management by objectives 目标管理Management contract 出售管理合同Management contracting 契约式经营 Management of objectives 目标管理Manufacturers export agent 制造商的出口代理Manufacturing-cost-reduction strategy 制造成本降低战略Manufacturing-driven 制造驱动 Market attractiveness 市场吸引力Market broadening 市场拓宽Market challenger strategies 市场挑战者战略Market coverage strategies 市场覆盖战略Market crystallization stage 市场具体化阶段Market demand 市场需求Market demand function 市场需求函数Market development 市场发展Market diversification 市场多样化Market evolution 市场演进Market expansion stage 市场演进阶段Market follower strategies 市场追随者战略Market forecast 市场预测Market fragmentation stage 市场分装阶段Market growth rate 市场成长率Market logistics 市场后勤学Market measurement 市场衡量Market minimum 基本销售量Market minimum 市场最低点Market modification 市场改进Market opportunity analysis 市场机会分析Market opportunity index 市场机会指数Market orientation 市场导向Market partitioning 市场分割Market partitioning theory 市场分割理论Market penetration pricing 市场渗透定价Market penetration strategy 市场渗透战略Market positioning 市场定位Market potential 市场潜量Market prioritizing 市场优化Market probing 市场探察Market response function 市场反应函数Market segmentation 市场细分化Market share 市场份额Market specialization 市场专业化Market targeting 目标市场选定Market termination stage 市场终止阶段Market-buildup method 市场组合法Market-centered organization 以市场为中心的组织Marketing 营销Marketing administrative/management 营销管理Marketing allocation optimization 营销分配最优化Marketing audit 营销审计Marketing channel 营销渠道Marketing communications mix 营销沟通组合Marketing community 营销社团Marketing concept 营销观念Marketing controller 营销主计长Marketing culture 营销文化Marketing database 营销数据库Marketing decision support system (MDSS) 营销决策支持系统Marketing effectiveness rating review 营销效益等级评核Marketing efficiency studies 营销效益调研Marketing elasticity 营销弹性Marketing environment 营销环境Marketing e